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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of seed vigour parameters for heat tolerance in bread wheat(CCSHAU, 2014) Arun Kumar; Dahiya, O.S.Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a widely adapted crop. It is grown from temperate, irrigated to dry and high-rain-fall areas and from warm, humid to dry, cold environments. The genetic purity, physical purity, viability, vigour and uniform seed size are the most important parameters to determine the quality of seed. High seed germination and vigour are pre- requisites for the success of stand establishment of crop plants. Generally stress (moisture/heat) has deleterious effect on germination and vigour of crop.The present investigation was carried out at the department of Seed Science and Technology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The material comprised of six each heat tolerant and susceptible varieties which were sown on two date i.e. normal (19th, 20th November) and late sown (19th, 20th December). The observations were recorded at grain filling stage (heading to maturity). Heat tolerant varieties had performed better at different stages of seed development in comparison to susceptible. Heat tolerant varieties were found significantly higher for seed weight, seed moisture content, germination, seedling length, vigour index-I & II, seedling dry weight and than susceptible varieties under normal and late sowing condition in both the year. Heat tolerant varieties were recorded significantly lower for days to heading, physiological and harvestable maturity. It means heat tolerant varieties mature earlier than susceptible. Commonly varieties had performed better for all characters studied in normal than late sowing at all stages of seed development. Heat tolerant varieties recorded higher for membrane Thermostability and lower for chlorophyll fluorescence. This might be effect of heat stress during seed development. Both vigour index-I and II were significantly and negatively correlated with maximum, minimum and difference of temperature but positively with sunshine hour and relative humidity in both the years of data recording. It means that as optimum temperature for cultivation of wheat is increasing then vigour of the seed will be decreases. For normal as well as late sown heat tolerant varieties having more DHA, peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase activity at all stages than heat susceptible. All stress enzyme activity was higher in late than normal sowing which was in concurrence with high temperature during seed development. Number of grains per spike (average of five plants), number of grains per spike and grain yield per plant was higher for normal sown than late sown in both the year. Varieties have performed better in second year than in first year. Heat tolerant has performed better than susceptible for almost all agronomic traits. Based on both the tests it can infer that there was better relative storability of the variety for normal than late sowing over the years at all stages of storage.ThesisItem Open Access Studies On Physiological And Biochemical Aspects Of Seed Priming In Onion (Allium Cepa L.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Department Of Seed Science And technology : Hisar, 2010) Khanduri, Shruti; Kharb, R. P. S.ThesisItem Open Access Studies On Physiological And Biochemical Aspects Of Seed Priming In Onion (Allium Cepa L.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2010) Khanduri, Shruti; Kharb, R P SThesisItem Open Access Morphological Chemical And Molecular Characterization And Seed Vigour Studies In Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, College Of Agriculture : Hisar, 2011) Singh, Raj Kumar; Verma, Sher SinghThesisItem Open Access Morphological, Chemical And Molecular Characterization And Seed Vigour Studies In Coriander (Coriandrum Sativum L.)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2011) singh, Raj Kumar; Verma, Sher SinghThesisItem Open Access Physiological and biochemical changes during storage and seed priming in pearl millet(CCSHAU, 2013) Gupta, Ankush; Punia, R.CThe present investigation was carried out on seeds of 2 pearl millet hybrids viz .,HBB197 and HHB223 along with their parental A, B and R lines viz ., A- ICMA97111 andI CMA94555, B-ICMB97111 and ICMB94555, R- HBL-11 with the objectives to study the physiological and biochemical changes associated with seed deterioration, to study the effect of different containers and storage conditions on seed quality and to study the effect of various seed priming treatments on seed quality. In the first experiment seven genotypes with 8% moisture content were packed in poly set bin, polythene bag and cloth bag and stored under ambient and cold storage condition (20C). Among the storage condition and packaging material tested,the seeds preserved under cold storage and packed in polyset bin and polythene bag recorded higher germination, seedling vigour index,seedling dry weight,seedling establishment and other quality parameters with less qualitative loss in comparison to those seeds stored underambient condition through out the storage period of 24 month , Activity of all the anti-ox idant enzymes viz. , peroxidase , catalase and dehydrogenase activity decreased while EG and FFA increased with storage period butminimum deterioration was occurin the seeds preserved in polyset binand polythene bagunder cold storage condition . Vigour of all the genotypes also decreasedwith storagepriod. Among all the, genotypes HHB197 was observed highly vigorous and proved goodstorer .The interaction effect of genotype HHB197 packed in vapour proofcontainer ( polysetbin and polythene bag ) and stored under cold storage is proved to be better in maintaining the seed quality of pearl millet for long rperiod. . In the 2nd experiment, an effort had been made to improve the seed quality with various seed priming treatments (control ,water,GA3 , KNO3 , KH2PO4, thiram andvita vax +cruzer.). Am ong various priming treatments hydration with GA3 (50 ppm) was foundsuperior for enhancing seed quality in all the seven genot ypes of pearl millet followed by,25 mg vitavax +25 mg cruzer tr eatment . The maximum enhancement in germination was observed in fresh lot as compare to one year old seed lot by different priming treatment sand among genotypes, maximum enhancement was observed in genotype HHB223 and minimum in ICMB9 7111.ThesisItem Open Access Varietal identification and seed vigour assessment in cotton (Gossypium spp.)(CCSHAU, 2015) Harish, S.; Verma, S.S.The present investigation “Varietal identification and seed vigour assessment of cotton (Gossypium spp.)” was comprised of 22 cotton varieties were studied for characterization based on morphological, chemical, biochemical and molecular markers. On the basis of morphological characters, results revealed that maximum variation was observed among the morphological characters studied for hypocotyl pigmentation, leaf colour, leaf hairiness, leaf appearance, leaf nectaries, leaf petiole pigmentation, leaf shape, plant stem hairiness, plant stem pigmentation, plant height (cm), bract type, time to 50% flowering, flower petal colour, flower petal spot, flower stigma, anther filament colouration, flower pollen colour, boll bearing habit, boll colour, boll shape (longitudinal section), boll surface, boll prominence of tip, weight of seed cotton/boll (g), seed fuzz, seed index (g), ginning % and fibre colour proved to be useful and stable diagnostic characters which could classify the varieties based on the phenotype traits. Chemical tests such as phenol, ferrous sulphate, peroxidase, potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide test were used to categorize different cotton varieties. Phenol and ferrous sulphate test did not show any variation among the varieties studied. Based on the colour of the peroxidase solution, the varieties were grouped as colourless and light red colour. Based on the colour of the potassium hydroxide test, the varieties were grouped as light yellow, yellow, light red, red and dark red colour and the cotton varieties were grouped as light red, red and dark red colour to sodium hydroxide test. Seedling response to gibberellic acid and 2,4-D soak test was found useful in differentiation of cotton varieties. Among the varieties, H-1300 observed maximum responsive (75.36 % coleoptile length increase over control) to GA3 test and H-1226 observed less responsive (23.37 % coleoptile length decrease over control) to 2, 4-D test. The varieties were also subjected to sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of total soluble seed proteins. The results revealed that SDS-PAGE of seed proteins resolve total of 22 bands which were present in different position with different intensity and varieties were classified based on presence or absence of protein bands. The Gossypium hirsutum varieties were identified with the presence of band No.5 where as, Gossypium arboreum varieties were identified by the presence of band No.15 and the band number No.7, 14, 17, 18, 21 and 22 were present typically in all the cotton varieties. Furthermore, the SSR markers were able to reveal genetic variation within the species. Out of the 40 microsatellite markers, 12 markers produced a total of 32 polymorphic bands. The similarity coefficient obtained in SSR analysis ranged from 0.51 to 0.93 among the varieties and the dendrogram revealed two distinct clusters, first consisting of 16 varieties belonging to G. hirsutum and second with 6 varieties belonging to G. arboreum species, respectively. The similarity coefficient between the two species was 0.52. All the 22 varieties were subjected to various viability and vigour tests and the observations were recorded on seed weight, seed germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-I, seedling vigour index- II, accelerated ageing test, tetrazolium test, seedling establishment, pH exudate test, electrical conductivity, field emergence index and mean germination time. The variety CISA-614 recorded maximum germination (85.67 %) and minimum electrical conductivity (0.336) whereas, MCU-12 recorded maximum seedling dry weight (529.00 mg), seedling vigour index-I (2495) and seedling vigour index-II (43544). The variety AKA-7 recorded maximum field emergence index (15.55) and minimum mean germination time (2.86 days).The correlation study among field and laboratory parameters revealed that standard germination was found significantly and positively correlated with accelerating ageing, tetrazolium test, pH exudate test, and vigour index-I. The electrical conductivity test was found to be negatively correlated with all the parameters.ThesisItem Open Access Varietal characterization and seed vigour assessment in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)(CCSHAU, 2016) Vikash Kumar; Punia, R.C.The present investigation “Varietal characterization and seed vigour assessment in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”was conducted with 28 wheat varieties. The study consists of characterization based on morphological and chemical methods and seed vigour studies of wheat varieties. The study revealed that morphological characters viz., foliage colour, flag leaf colouration of auricles, plant flag leaf attitude, flag leaf width, flag leaf length, ear density, ear length, presence of awns, awn length, awn colour, lower glume shoulder shape, lower glume beak length, lower glume beak shape, peduncle length, peduncle attitude and rachis brittleness were the most important diagnostic characters which provide a excellent system of variety identification in wheat. The characters like ear shape, awn attitude, outer glume pubescence, lower glume shape in profile was also helpful in characterization of wheat variety. The waxiness of plant was not observed as a reliable source of characterization as influenced by environmental condition as rain, temperature irrigation etc. The study also concluded that seed characters of wheat seed viz., grain colour, grain shape, grain crease, grain germ width, grain brush hair length and grain weight (1000 grains) were also useful in characterization of varieties. Characters’ like coleoptile anthocynain colouration, waxiness of plant, presence of awns, colour of awns, ear colour, grain crease, grain hardness, anther extrusion and anther colour are some characters which do not show any variation and in all 28 varieties. However, these characters may help for differentiation of other wheat varieties. Some varieties have specific character thorough which these can be identified easily like WH 1105 has pink anthocyanin flag leaf colouration of auricles, C 306 (118 cm) and WH 1138 has crooked type peduncle attitude. Among the chemical tests Phenol test grouped variety into three distinct groups viz. Light brown (5 varieties), Brown (7 varieties) and Dark brown (16 varieties).With the help of modified phenol test these varieties were further sub grouped. These tests clearly differentiated one group variety to another groups on the basis of seed coat colour. Among 28 varieties K 307, Raj 3765, HD 2733, PBW 550, PBW 509, WH 1063, WH 1025, WH 730 and WH 711 show superiority for almost all viability and vigour parameters. Some tests like standard germination, accelerated ageing test, tetrazolium test and electrical conductivity were found most suitable methods for the prediction of vigour and seedling establishment. Some varieties like C 306, PBW 590 and PBW 373 showed poor performance for almost all viability and vigour parameters whereas variety DPW 71 showed very good performance for vigour parameters. Among vigour parameters standard germination showed significant positive correlation with tetrazolium test, electrical conductivity, accelerated ageing test, pH exudates test, whereas, it showed negative correlation with electrical conductivity. Seedling establishment also showed significantly positive correlation with accelerated aging test, electrical conductivity test, standard germination, pH exudates test and tetrazolium test.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of pickings on seed quality and deterioration studies in cotton(CCSHAU, 2016) Dayal, Abhinav; Dahiya, O.S.Cotton is the major fibre and industrial crop of the world which is known as “white gold” and it is a member of the malvaceae family of Gossypium. The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of picking on cotton seed quality. The material comprised of three varieties each of Gossypicum hirsutum (H – 1098 (I), H – 1117 and H - 1236) and Gossypium arborium (HD – 123, HD – 324, HD – 432). Three pickings from each variety after fifty per cent boll opening and seed quality was evaluated. It was found that seeds collected under second picking had higher vigour in terms of seed weight, seed density, seed germination percent, seedling length, seedling dry weight, lower electrical conductivity and showed higher antioxidant enzyme activity (CAT, POD, SOD) in comparison to other pickings during both year in American and desi cotton varieties. After evaluating all three pickings, seeds were stored for fifteen months in plastic container at 20 0 C with 6% moisture content and seed quality was evaluated after five, ten and fifteen months each. After evaluating seed quality, it was found that storage affected seed vigour and quality adversely. Though, all the pickings showed decrease in vigour but less decrease was observed in second picking seeds in comparison to first and third pickings. After evaluating antioxidant enzyme activity, it was observed that activity of these enzymes decreased during storage which was much prominent after fifteen months of storage of third picking seeds of all the varieties. After fifteen months of storage, seeds were subjected to different priming treatments to assess its effect on physiological and field parameters. In all the treatments with GA3, PEG, KH 2PO 4 , KNO3 and hydration, enhancement was noticed in germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight, VI-I and VI-II, low electrical conductivity and mean germination time. Overall, the treatment with GA3 was found commonly superior in all variety-lot combinations for enhancing standard germination, final field emergence and reducing the mean emergence time (MET).