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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Subject: Processing and Food Engineering × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2014 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Design, development and performance evaluation of foot operated aonla pricking machine
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Nitin Kumar; Sharma, D.K.
    The Indian gooseberry preserve is one of the specialties of the Indian fruit preservation industry selling hundreds of tons of preserve every year. Therefore pricking is considered as an important economic activity in India. Till date, the pricking of aonla fruits is done manually employing poorly designed hand tools thus, making the pricking task very tiresome and time consuming for workers resulting into lowered productivity. So in order to suit the prevailing conditions, pedal operated aonla pricking machine was designed, developed and tested. The principles of ergonomics were used while designing to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency with which work was carried out and to maintain and promote worker’s health, safety and satisfaction. The machine was designed for 50th percentile population so that it can be used by all the workers of different sex and anthropometric measurements efficiently. For testing of machine, ergonomic evaluation was done in terms of physiological, biomechanical and psycho-physical parameters with 25 workers (15 males and 10 females). A study of optimization of a number of process variables namely speed of the machine (35, 45 and 55 rpm), duration of pricking activity (30, 40 and 50 mins) and seat height (836, 928 and 1020 mm) for the aonla preserve manufacture was attempted. Response surface methodology was adopted for optimization of process variables. The effect of process variables was studied on capacity, BPDS, energy expenditure of workers and sensory scores. It was found that the capacity, BPDS and energy expenditure of workers were directly proportional to the speed of operation and duration of pricking activity whereas sensory score was inversely proportional to them. Besides, organoleptic evaluation of the preserve was also conducted. The preserve prepared at 35 rpm obtained maximum sensory score (7.8/9) followed by the preserve at 45 rpm (7.6/9) and by preserve prepared from the aonla pricked at 55 rpm of the machine (7.5/9). The machine was successful in pricking 27 kg of aonlas per hour at 55 rpm with no damage to the fruits and with proper number and depth of pricks. The tests for ascorbic acid and polyphenols content were also done for fresh aonla and its preserve. A reduction of 28.05 % of ascorbic acid and 52.80 % of polyphenols was recorded during its storage period. Machine was found highly acceptable by the users due to more safety, comfort and higher economic benefits while working. During the pricking of aonlas, the juice which got squeezed out of the fruits was also collected with the help of a juice collector provided in the machine itself. On an average, 39 ml of juice was collected per kg of the aonla pricked. The economic analysis revealed 2 years of payback period and 67.4% as break even point.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Comparative evaluation of quality changes in stored wheat in hermetic silo bags and conventional methods
    (CCSHAU, 2014) Sunil Kumar; Garg, M.K.
    A study was undertaken to observe the efficacy of hermetic bag in comparison with conventional grain storage structures i.e. steel bins and gunny bagstraditionally employed in India. Comparison was based on qualitative analysis of stored wheati.e. moisture content, thousand kernel weight, germination percentage, sedimentation value, protein content, gluten content, gluten index, mold count, insect infestation and pasting characteristics of all structures with respect of time.Top layers of hermetic bags and steel bins responded more to the ambient temperature and relative humidity. The temperature was maximum in the middle layers and lowest in bottom layers of all the structuresduring nine months.Relative humidity remained almost constant in hermetic bags, which defined the airtightness of the bags. The biological respiration of wheat increased the level of carbon dioxideupto 9.48%on consuming oxygen, which inhibited the proliferation of insects even though insets were manually inserted into two ofhermetic bags.Respiration of wheat and insect activity was more during warmer months of storage period which in resulted highest level of CO2in bagsand bins. Insect infestation was detected in steel bins and gunny bag piles on October 30th, 2013 and September 30th, 2013 respectively. The detected insect was lesser grain borer (Rhizopertha dominica). Germination percentage, sedimentation value, peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity, setbackviscosity and gluten index were found to be reduced with the advancement of storage time. Mold count and insect infestation was minimum in low moisture content hermetic bags due to modified atmosphere. Gelatinization temperature, breakdown viscosity and protein content of all structureswerethe same. An increase in the values of peak time, pasting temperature, trough viscosity, milling yield and gluten content was observed in all the structures. Moisture content of the hermetic bags became constant after three months. But in case of steel bins and gunny bag piles moisture content responded to thechange in ambient conditions. Thousand kernel weight variation of all structures responded with respect to change in moisture content of the grains. Hermetic bagscan be an attractive environment friendly solution for preventing storage losses in India. The fact that no chemical fumigants are required makes them environment friendly as well.