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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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20211
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Subject: Plant Physiology × Author: Agarwal, Vishnu Prakash × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Applicability of salicylic acid and glycinebetaine to alleviate the effect of salinity stress in Indian Mustard (Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss)
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-06) Agarwal, Vishnu Prakash; Neeraj Kumar
    The present investigation was carried out to study the effect of salicylic acid (SA) and glycinebetaine (GB) to mitigate the adverse effect of salinity on Indian mustard by growing seeds of genotype RH 0725 in plastic pots filled with dune sand maintaining four different levels of salinity (control, 8, 10 and 12 dS m-1). The crop was sprayed with different concentrations of SA (control, 0.5 mM, 1.0 mM and 1.5 mM) and GB (control, 10 mM, 20 mM and 30 mM) at 40 and 60 days after sowing (DAS). Sampling was done at five days after spray i.e. 45 and 65 DAS. The growth and reproductive parameters, physio-biochemical attributes, antioxidant defense mechanism, yield and yield attributing characters, and protein profile through SDS-PAGE were observed at various growth stages of the crop. Results showed that photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, relative water content (RWC), water potential (Ψw), osmotic potential (Ψs), quantum yield, chlorophyll content (SPAD), chlorophyll stability index (CSI), pollen viability, pollen germination and tube growth, days to maturity, plant height, number of branches (plant-1), number of siliqua (plant-1), number of seeds (siliquae-1), test weight (g), biological yield (BY; g plant-1), economical yield (EY; g plant-1) and salt susceptibility index (SSI); protein, ascorbate oxidized (DHA) and glutathione oxidized (GSSG) contents were decreased whereas days to 50 % flowering (DTA), proline, glycine-betaine, total soluble sugar (TSS), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents; relative stress injury (RSI), specific activity of antioxidants; and ascorbate reduced (AsA) and glutathione reduced (GSH) contents were increased with increasing salinity levels. Foliar application of SA (upto 1.0 mM) and GB (upto 20 mM) significantly increased the days to maturity, pollen viability, pollen germination and tube growth, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance, RWC, Ψw, quantum yield, chlorophyll content (SPAD), CSI; proline, glycine-betaine, TSS and protein contents, specific activity of antioxidants, and AsA, DHA, GSH and GSSG contents in leaves and roots at both the sampling stages (45 and 65 DAS); and all the yield and yield attributes but slight early in DTA and reduced transpiration rate, RSI, and H2O2 and MDA contents over control in all the salinity levels. Application of SA 1.5 mM showed opposite effects on salinity tolerance as observed in SA 1.0 mM treatment. Application of GB 30 mM gradually enhanced the salinity tolerance by improving all the parameters but the rate of improvement was lower than that of GB 20 mM treatment. The SSI was lower recorded in SA 1.0 mM treatment followed by GB 30 mM treatment in all the salinity levels. The correlation coefficient analysis of various morpho-physiological, biochemical and yield characters indicating the contribution in imparting EY of Indian mustard. Analysis of protein samples in SDS-PAGE further confirmed the results. Overall, it is concluded that all the morpho-physiological, biochemical, yield and yield attributes of Indian mustard genotype (RH 0725) were decreased on account of increasing salinity whereas DTA, proline, glycine-betaine, TSS, H2O2, MDA, RSI, specific activity of antioxidants and, AsA and GSH contents were increased. Sprays of SA 1.0 mM and GB 20 mM particularly at 40 and 60 DAS showed