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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Subject: Molecular Biology and Biotechnology × Author: Sandhu, Nitika × Start date: 2009 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular and physiological studies to identify traits enhancing rice cultivars adaptation to aerobic conditions for sustainable rice production in water short situations
    (CCSHAU, 2013) Sandhu, Nitika; Jain, Rajinder Kumar
    In the present investigation experiments were conducted to: identify QTL conferring a potential yield advantage under direct seeded conditions; identify root traits having a positive correlation with grain yield under direct seeded conditions; identify genotypes with high levels of root growth plasticity in multiple conditions (upland, lowland, induced by drought or low P) and to identify a positive correlation of root plasticity with grain yield; BSA approach was applied to identify QTL showing consistent effects in the background of two popular high-yielding varieties, IR64 and MTU1010, under upland reproductive-stage drought stress; identify QTL with large and consistent effects for traits thought to be beneficial for direct-seeded rice: seedling emergence, early vegetative vigour, root morphology, nutrient uptake, and grain yield. We hypothesized that the some of the seedling-stage traits investigated might have a strong enough effect on plant growth to be correlated with grain yield at harvest. Our study identified a total of 35 QTL associated with 14 traits on chromosomes 1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, and 11 in MASARB25 × Pusa Basmati 1460 population and 14 QTL associated with nine traits on chromosomes 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 in HKR47 × MAS26-derived population. These identified QTL included three large-effect stable QTL for increased yield under aerobic conditions and QTL for several root-related traits likely to increase water and nutrient uptake under aerobic conditions. A number of plants were identified with higher root length and dry biomass, yield per plant, length-breadth ratio, and with Pusa Basmati 1460 specific alleles in homozygous or heterozygous condition at the BAD2 locus; these lines shall serve as novel materials for the selection of stable aerobic Basmati rice varieties. A good correlation was observed between root growth/plasticity in lysimeter, field and rhizoscope study, between water uptake in lysimeter and leaf water status in field. Consistently high plasticity was observed across different treatment and environment. Three large and consistent-effect QTL, qDTY1.1, qDTY2.2, and qDTY2.3 for GY were identified under reproductive-stage drought stress in Kali Aus/2*MTU1010 and Kali Aus/2*IR64 populations. A total of 28 QTL associated with 22 traits and 20 QTL associated with 12 traits were mapped in Aus276/3*IR64 and Aus276/3*MTU1010 population, respectively. The QTL qGY6.1, qGY10.1, qGY1.1 and qEVV9.1 were found to be effective in both Aus276/3*IR64 and Aus276/3*MTU1010 populations under wide range of conditions; the QTL for nutrient uptake were located on chromosome 5, co-located with qGR5.2 and qRHD5.1. The positive interaction between the genomic regions for root traits and nutrient uptake depicted that these interacting loci should also be considered when introgressing QTL to develop rice for dry direct seeded conditions. Co-localization of QTL for yield, EVV, and root traits indicates that the identified QTL may be immediately exploited in MAB to develop novel high-yielding direct seeded rice varieties.