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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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2010 - 201990
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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 90
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on diversity for quality characters, cane yield and its contributing traits in sugarcane (Saccharum spp. complex) clones
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Amit; Ramesh Kumar
    Sugarcane (Saccharum species complex) is one of the important cash crop and playing a vital role in improving the economy of the country. It has unusual ability to store sucrose in stem cell vacuoles. In this study, 51 sugarcane genotypes were evaluated for morphological and quality characters in randomized block design (RBD) with two replications during 2018-19 at CCS Haryana agricultural university, regional research station, karnal. The sufficient genetic variability was observed from significant genotypic differences for all the 22 characters studied, indicated the appropriateness of the material selected. Phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) was higher than genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) for all the characters representing more environmental impact on these characters for total variation. High heritability (broad sense) coupled with high genetic advance was observed for cane yield, commercial cane sugar (t/ha), germination % at 45 days after planting, number of millable canes at harvest, single cane weight, sucrose % at 8th month stage and commercial cane sugar % at 8th month stage. Therefore, it indicates that simple selection will be effective for these traits. Phenotypic correlation coefficients for cane yield showed significant and positive relationship with commercial cane sugar (t/ha), number of tillers at 120 days after planting, number of shoots at 240 days after planting, number of millable canes at harvest, single cane weight, stalk length, stalk diameter and brix % 10th at month stage. These traits play a greater role as an important contributing character for higher cane yield. The path coefficient analysis revealed that cane yield was shown by commercial cane sugar % at 10th month stage followed by commercial cane sugar (t/ha), sucrose % 12th at month stage, number of millable canes at harvest, single cane weight and stalk length had highest positive direct effect on cane yield. Therefore, in order to improve cane yield, effective selection can be accomplished for the characters having high direct effects. Based on D2 value, the clustering of 51 genotypes was carried out which resulted in 7 diverse clusters. The maximum inter-cluster distance (86.81) was observed between cluster II and cluster III. Bi-parental mating or poly-cross method involving genotypes belonging to cluster II (Co 7717, CoH 110, CoH 167, CoS 767 ) and cluster III (12-41, 11-703, 12-184, 12-263, 12- 493, 12-521, Co 89003) may be utilized in the hybridization programme as crossing between diverse parents is likely to produce wide genetic variability among the progenies.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Characterization of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) genotypes for morpho-physiological traits under late sown condition
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Kiran; Solanki, Y.P.S.
    A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2017-18 at Experimental Area of Wheat and Barley section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University (CCSHAU), to determine the magnitude of variability for various morpho-physiological traits and seed vigour parameters and to study the character association and genetic divergence in wheat genotypes. The seed of all sixty genotypes were grown in a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with three replications. Each plot comprising six rows of 6m length with line to line distance 18 cm in every replication. Sowing of wheat was done under late sown condition i.e. on first fortnight of December. Data of various contrasting character namely days to 50% heading, days to anthesis, canopy temperature at heading and after anthesis, grain growth rate (14, 21, 28 days after anthesis), plant height, peduncle length, peduncle extrusion, number of effective tillers m-1, spike length, spikelet spike-1, no. of grains spike-1, 1000 grain weight, grain yield plot-1, biological yield plot-1, harvest index, standard germination, seed density, seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index-I and II were analysed. The analysis of variance uncovered exceptionally huge contrasts among the genotypes for all the traits, demonstrating a wide range of variation existing in the material studied. Most astounding values for phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variance recorded for grain growth rate at 28 days after anthesis and seedling vigour index II, moderate PCV and GCV were accounted for grain yield plot-1, grain growth rate at 21 days after anthesis, seed density, seedling length, seedling dry weight and seedling vigour index I though spike length, biological yield plot-1 and harvest index had moderate PCV with low GCV values. The maximum value for heritability (broad sense) was found for seed vigour index II persued by seed density, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index I, seedling length, grain spike-1, days to anthesis, peduncle extrusion, spikelets spike-1, peduncle length, effective tillers m-1 and plant height whereas, grain yield plot-1 had moderately high heritability. Grain yield plot-1 was significant positively correlated with grain growth rate at 14 days after anthesis, effective tiller m-1, spike length, grain spike-1, biological yield, 1000 grain weight, harvest index and seedling vigour index I. Similarly, positive significant correlation was observed between standard germination and seedling density, seedling length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index I, seedling vigour index II and 1000 grain weight. The biological yield showed highest direct and positive effect on grain yield, followed by harvest index, days to anthesis, grain growth rate at 28 days after anthesis, canopy temperature at heading, plant height, effective tiller m-1, peduncle extrusion, grain spike-1 and 1000 grain weight. Spike length and spikeletes spike-1 had direct negative effect on grain yield plot-1 but they had high indirect positive effect via biological yield. Cluster analysis (Wards minimum method) divided the sixty genotypes into seven clusters. The cluster II & VI was the largest cluster consisting of 14 genotypes followed by cluster III (10 genotypes), IV (9 genotypes) and V (5 genotypes) and I &VII (4 genotypes each). The intra-cluster distance ranged from 5.437 (II) to 6.398 (V), indicating considerable diversity between different clusters. Highest inter-cluster D 2 values were obtained between cluster I&V (10.386) and cluster I & VII (9.724). Genotypes selected from these cluster may be used in hybridization programme because divergent parents are likely to produce wide variability and transgressive segregants with high heterotic effect.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular and morphological characterization of wheat genotypes under late sown conditions
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Samita; Mukesh Kumar
    The present study was undertaken for ―Molecular and morphological characterization of wheat genotypes under late sown conditions‖. The experimental material for the present investigation comprised of 60 advance lines of wheat with four late sown standard checks (WH1124, WH1021, HD3059, DBW90). The present investigation was done to assess the genetic diversity of 64 genotypes of bread wheat under late sown conditions based on the morphological and molecular markers. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for all traits studied under heat stress. The correlation studies reveal highly significant positive association of grain yield per plot with all the important yield contributing and heat tolerance traits. The path-coefficient analysis suggested the importance of biological yield per plot and harvest index as they exhibited high positive direct effects on grain yield per plot. The genetic diversity analysis classified 64 genotypes into ten clusters containing 1 to 14 genotypes. The cluster V was the largest (14) followed by cluster II (10). The use of genotypes from cluster V would be useful under late sown conditions. A total of 43 heat tolerance specific SSR markers were used to study diversity in genotypes; only 24 markers had shown polymorphism with 67 alleles. The PIC value varied from 0.171 to 0.744. The dendrogram obtained from polymorphic markers using NTSYS-pc software revealed that 64 genotypes were classified in to nine different clusters. These 24 SSR markers were validated for heat tolerance in different genetic backgrounds and could be utilized for marker assisted selection for screening germplasm and breeding for heat tolerant genotypes.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Fertility restoration and heterosis studies in pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.]
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Madankar Kartik Sahadeo; Pahuja, S.K.
    Twenty five germplasm lines were crossed with three cytoplasmic male sterile lines of A1 cytoplasm, namely, HMS 41A, HMS 42A and ICMA 97444 in line x tester fashion to produce 75 hybrids. These hybrids were evaluated along with parents and check (HHB 299) in RBD in two replications during kharif 2018 in Research Area of Bajra Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana. The objectives of present investigation were to study fertility restoration, combining ability, heterosis, genetic variability, correlation and path analysis. Observations were recorded on ten characters viz., days to 50 % flowering, panicle length, panicle diameter, number of productive tillers per plant, plant height, 1000 grain weight, grain yield, dry fodder yield, pollen shedding score and self seed set under bag (%). The charecters self seed set under bag (%) and pollen shedding score were used to study fertility restoration and remaining characters were used to study combining ability, heterosis, genetic variability, correlation and path analysis. Fertility restoration studies revealed that for CMS line HMS 41A, 12 pollinators behaved as strong restorers and for HMS 42A and ICMA 97444, eight pollinators each behaved as strong restorers. The nine, twelve and thirteen pollinators behaved as restorer for all three CMS lines viz., HMS 41A, HMS 42A and ICMA 97444, respectively. Only one pollinator behaved as partial restorer for all the three male sterile lines. Similarly, only one pollinator acted as partial maintainer for all male sterile lines except ICMA 97444, whereas two pollinators behaved as partial maintainers. In case of HMS 41A, only one pollinator was categorized as maintainer. While for HMS 42A, three pollinators and for ICMA 97444 one pollinator categorized as maintainer. Four pollinators behaved as strong restorers, six as restorers, one each as partial restorer and maintainer for all the three male sterile lines viz., HMS 41A, HMS 42A and ICMA 97444. These results indicated the scope of developing common restorer and maintainer for hybrids developed through all the three male sterile lines or any two lines. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the genotypes for all the characters studied. All the characters showed higher proportion of SCA variance than GCA variance suggesting the predominance of non-additive gene action. Among the parents, the tester HMS 42A and the line HR-16-1098 were the best general combiners with significant GCA effects for grain yield. In case of hybrids, the hybrid ICMA 97444 × EMRLT-14-243 was an observed the best specific combination for grain yield giving 42.35 % standard heterosis. Six hybrids viz., HMS 41A × HR-97, HMS 42A × HR-687/688, HMS 42A × EMRLT-14-229, HMS 42A × EMRLT-14-127, ICMA 97444 × EMRLT-14-243 and ICMA 97444 × EMRLT-14-103 displayed significant standard heterosis over standard hybrid checks HHB 299 i.e. 17.18 %, 31.64 %, 23.12 %, 21.97 %, 42.35 %, 16.24 %, respectively. The estimates of GCV, PCV, heritability and genetic advance were observed high to moderate for all characters studied. Correlation coefficient analysis revealed that panicle length, panicle diameter, productive tillers per plant, plant height, 1000 grain weight and dry fodder yield exhibited significant positive association with grain yield and the character, days to 50 % flowering exhibited significant negative association with grain yield. Genotypic path coefficient analysis revealed that plant height, dry fodder yield, 1000 grain weight, panicle length and panicle diameter exhibited the highest positive direct effects on grain yield.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Determination of genetic diversity among progenies of spontaneous mutant of lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus ssp. culinaris) variety DPL 62
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Yadav, Sunaina; Yadav, Rajesh
    Fifty six mutant lines derived from progenies of a spontaneous mutant of lentil variety DPL 62 along with four checks were evaluated for morphological and yield traits during rabi 2017-18 to ascertain genetic variability, correlations, path co-efficients genetic divergence. Significant amount of variability was observed for almost all the traits except stem anthocyanin colouration and leaf pubesence and the genotypes were characterized and categorized as per DUS guidelines. High PCV and GCV coupled with high heritability and genetic advance were observed for peduncle length, number of pods per plant, seed width, seed yield per plant suggesting that these traits are genetically controlled by additive gene action. Seed yield per plant exhibited significant positive association with number of branches per plant and number of pods per plant while number of pods per plant revealed highest positive direct effect on seed yield per plant followed by 100-seed weight, number of branches per plant, days to maturity and leaflet breadth. Hierarchical cluster analysis grouped the genotypes into eight distinct clusters and maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster I and cluster VII followed by cluster I and cluster V and cluster I and III. Genotypes grouped into cluster VII were found best for yield traits. Out of 50 SSR markers studied, 15 amplified and only two of them were found polymorphic. This may be due to mutation at the site of primer binding which did not amplify at that particular locus. Genotypes RKL 61F-2-15, RKL 58F-3715, RKL 1003-68G, Garima, RKL 1003-69G-A, RKL 23C-2741A and RKL 26C-345 were found promising for phenological yield traits and belonged to distant clusters. Therefore, these are expected to produce desirable transgressive segregants when used as parent in hybridization programme for lentil improvement.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Characterisation of oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes for morphological and biochemical traits
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Pankaj; Phogat, D.S.
    Fifty six oat genotypes were evaluated for 28 morphological and biochemical traits to determine the effects and interrelationships among fodder and yield attributing traits of oats. The present investigation was conducted in randomized block design in three replications at the Research Farm of forage Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar during rabi 2017-18. The high significant variation among the genotypes for all the characters at genotypic level was shown by analyses of variance. The GCV and PCV revealed high level of difference for plant height, green fodder yield, dry matter yield, number of productive tillers/plant, seed crude protein and nitrogen content indicating the effect of environment on these traits. The high heritability was recorded for 100 seed weight followed by flag leaf length. days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, leaf: stem ratio, seed yield, 100-seed weight, total soluble sugars, reducing sugars and nutrient content i.e., phosphorus, potassium, iron, magnesium and zinc. Positive and significant correlations of green fodder yield were recorded with dry matter yield, plant height, number of productive tillers/plant and total soluble sugars. Path coefficient analyses revealed that characters plant height, number of productive tillers/plant, dry matter yield and total soluble sugars had positive and direct effects on green fodder yield. The genetic diversity analysis grouped 56 oat genotypes into eight major clusters. The eleven principal components had eigen values more than one and overall explained 73.66% of the total included variability.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Heterosis studies based upon Mori CMS system in Brassica juncea (L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Choudhary, Raju Ram; Sheoran, R.K.
    Line x tester analysis was carried out to estimate heterosis and combining ability effects of 50 hybrids developed by crossing 10 Mori CMS lines with five restorer testers of Brassica juncea (L.). The F1 hybrids along with parental genotypes planted at Oilseeds Research Area, Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar India during 2018-19 were evaluated for twelve characters, including days to 50 % flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, main shoot length (cm), number of siliquae on main shoot, siliqua length (cm), number of seeds per siliqua, 1000-seed weight (g), oil content (%) and seed yield per plant (g). Analysis of variance revealed sufficient genetic variability among lines, testers crosses and line x tester for most of the traits. Presence of both additive and non-additive gene actions with preponderance of non-additive gene action in controlling yield and most of component traits so hybrid breeding would be the most appropriate breeding methodology. Four lines, namely, MA-8812, MA-9301, MA-8701 and MA-023 and one tester, MR-38 were found the good general combiners possessing highly significant positive GCA effects for seed yield per plant and component traits. Crosses MA-9301 x MR-44 and MA-9705 x MR-31 were showed significant SCA effects for seed yield per plant in desirable direction. Only two crosses namely MA-9301 x MR-44 and MA-8701 x MR-38 showed significant economic heterosis over standard check DMH-1. These crosses may be considered as most promising for further exploitation in breeding programmes and the parents involved may be converted to well adapted cytoplasmic male sterile or restorer lines.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Combining ability and molecular diversity analysis in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Deepak Kumar; Panwar, I.S.
    The present study was carried out to draw out information on the nature of gene effects for yield and its components, genetic variability and assesment of genotypic variability among the parents using SSRs markers in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell). The experimental material comprised nine genotypes viz. HD2967, HD3086, HD3059, Raj3765, WH711, WH283, WH1184, WH1105 and WH1124. A diallel set of 9 x 9 was prepared by crossing these genotypes in all possible combinations excluding reciprocals. Parents and their F1 generations were planted during rabi, 2017-18 in RBD (randomized block design) with three replications. The observations were recorded on five randomly selected plants in parents and F1s for thirteen traits. Combining ability analysis was performed by utilizeing method 2, Model-I of Griffing (1956) which indicated that the mean squares due to GCA and SCA were significant for all the thirteen traits. The magnitude of GCA component (gi2) was higher than SCA component (sij2) for plant height and peduncle length, indicating that these traits were mainly under the control of additive genetic variance. An overall appraisal of GCA effects revealed that HD3059and HD 2967 were good combiners for the most of traits. High GCA effects are related to additive gene effects or additive x additive interaction effect which represent the fixable genetic component of variation. For grain yield the crosses, HD2967 × Raj3765, HD2967 × WH711, HD2967 × WH1184, HD3086 × Raj3765, HD3086 × WH711were identified as promising on the basis of their high per se performance, average heterosis and heterobeltiosis and with high significant SCA effects. A total of 56 alleles were detected in and number of alleles per locus ranged from 1-4 with an average of 2 alleles per locus. NTSYS-pc based two dimensional PCA analysis showed scattering of the parents. Similarity coefficient among all the nine genotypes ranged from 0.62 to 0.85. Similarity coefficient revealed WH711 and HD3059 were the most diverse parents among the nine with low similarity index 0.62. WH1124 and WH1184 were showing highest similarity among the nine and highest similarity index 0.85. The findings of genetic similarity coefficient analysis illustrated that wide genetic diversity was present among parental genotypes which was used for making crosses.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Economic heterosis and combining ability studies in experimental hybrids of American cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Puspa Rani; Somveer
    The present research was embarked on to estimate the economic heterosis with the intent of investigating the possibilities of its commercial exploitation and to investigate the effects of combining ability. The experimental material for the current research comprised of Forty four hybrids of American cotton originated from the crosses of four female parents (lines) and eleven male parents (testers) in line x tester mating fashion along with one standard check (HHH 223). The experimental material was seeded at Cotton Research Area, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during Kharif 2016 with three replications in randomised block design. The data were recorded for nine cotton attributes namely, days to 1st flower, plant height (cm), number of monopods/plant, number of bolls/plant, bolls weight (g), ginning out turn (%), seed index (g), lint index and seed cotton yield per plant (g). The economic heterosis was estimated over standard check HHH 223. Remarkable amount of heterosis was recorded for seed cotton yield and other interrelated attributes under study. Among all the F1 hybrids six hybrids H 1353 x H 1499 (good x good), H 1353 x H 1480 (good x good), H 1353 x H 1491 (good x poor), H1098i x H 1481 (poor x good), H 1353 x H 1501 (good x poor) and H 1316 x H 1491 (poor x poor) registered heterosis of more than 80 %. The combining ability analysis revealed that additive variance was more than non- additive variance in the expression of all the traits except for plant height. In general, none of the male and female parents was found to possess high GCA effects for all the characters under study. However, taking into account the economic importance of various traits H 1480, H 1481 and H 1499 among the males (testers) and H 1353 among females (lines) can be exploited for future breeding programmes.