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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar

Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Antim × End date: 2023 × Start date: 2023 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Identification and utilization of inter-specific diversity for wheat improvement
    (CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-01-27) Antim; Vikram Singh
    Improvement in quality traits through biofortification along with grain yield is the major focus of researchers in this critical time of changing climate. Next major objective is developing wheat varieties which can fight changing climatic factors such as heat and drought stress and can provide higher yield to feed continuously expending population. Availability of genetic variability for improving modern day varieties further is present in crop wild relatives and can be introgressed in modern day varieties by creating amphidiploid and synthetic hexaploid wheat (pre-breeding material). The present study was therefore, planned to study the quality traits, grain yield and its component traits and physiological traits in SHW and amphidiploid wheat lines and the whole study was divided into three experiments. Another aim of the study was validation of SSR markers, selected from previous studies, associated with quality traits like Fe, Zn and grain protein content. With this regard 100 amphidiploid wheat lines along with 4 standard checks were sown at research area of ICAR-IIWBR, Karnal in augmented design for two consecutive years. One of the objective of the investigation was finding QTLs linked with heat and drought stress in wheat genotypes through SNP genotyping and for phenotyping 36 wheat genotypes (including SHW and elite lines) were sown at research area of ICAR-IIWBR, Karnal and Wheat and Barley Section, Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, CCS HAU, Hisar during rabi 2019-20 and 2020-21. Nine thinopyrum accessions were also tested for heat and drought stress traits in the field under five differential sowing conditions for year 2019-20 and 2020-21. Significant genetic variability was observed for all the morphological and physiological traits. In experiment-1, highest Fe content was found to be 70.7ppm in amphidiploid of cross Ae. caudata/ Margarita36-15, highest Zn (48.17ppm) in cross Ae. mutica/ kundermiki39-1 and highest protein content (17.68%) in amphidiploid Ae. mutica/kundermiki14-8 was found. In experiment-2, based on grain yield performance under heat and drought stress conditions created by late sowing of lines in Rain-out-shelter (ROS) OS59, OS61 and OS55 were found to be best performer. Twenty-two stable SNPs located in the domain of genes were also found in this experiment. Marker trait association (MTA) between SNPs and phenotypic data revealed gene Iron-superoxide_distumase (associated with SNP AX-95249973) to play role in saving plants from oxidative stress under drought condition. Another gene P450, which expresses under drought stress to protect plant, was found to be associated with plant height under drought stress condition. In experiment-3 nine Thinopyrum accessions performed best under ROS facility (heat and drought stress) and EC531712 and EC787014 showed highest and stable performance in terms of grain yield/plot.