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Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar
Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University popularly known as HAU, is one of Asia's biggest agricultural universities, located at Hisar in the Indian state of Haryana. It is named after India's seventh Prime Minister, Chaudhary Charan Singh. It is a leader in agricultural research in India and contributed significantly to Green Revolution and White Revolution in India in the 1960s and 70s. It has a very large campus and has several research centres throughout the state. It won the Indian Council of Agricultural Research's Award for the Best Institute in 1997. HAU was initially a campus of Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana. After the formation of Haryana in 1966, it became an autonomous institution on February 2, 1970 through a Presidential Ordinance, later ratified as Haryana and Punjab Agricultural Universities Act, 1970, passed by the Lok Sabha on March 29, 1970. A. L. Fletcher, the first Vice-Chancellor of the university, was instrumental in its initial growth.
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ThesisItem Open Access Effect of irrigation and methods of nitrogen application on the yield and quality of barley under furrow irrigated raised bed system(CCSHAU, 2011) Vimal Kumar; Rathee, S.S.The field study entitled “Effect of irrigation and nitrogen application method s on yield and quality of barley under furrow irrigated raised bed system” was carried out during rabi season 2008- 09 and 2010-11 at Research Farm of Department of Agronomy, CCS HAU, Hisar. Two separate experiments were conducted to fulfil the objective of this study. First experiment entitled “Effect of Irrigation levels on yield and quality of barley under furrow irrigated raised bed system” consisted of four methods of sowing viz. flat sowing, FIRBS 75 cm (2 rows), FIRBS 90 cm (2 rows) and FIRBS 90 cm (3 rows) in main plots and three irrigation levels viz., one irrigation (60 DAS), two irrigation (40 and 80 DAS) and three irrigation (40, 60 and 80 DAS) as sub plots. The second experiment entitled “Effect of methods of nitrogen application on yield and quality of barley under furrow irrigated raised bed system” consisted of three methods of sowing viz., FIRBS 75 cm (2 rows), FIRBS 90 cm (2 rows) and FIRBS 90 cm (3 rows) in main plot and four nitrogen application methods viz. Recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) applied before 1st irrigation by broadcasting, RDN applied after 1st irrigation by broadcasting, RDN applied before 1st irrigation top of bed, RDN applied after 1st irrigation top of bed as sub plot. Both experiments were conducted in split plots design keeping three and four replications in first and second experiments, respectively. Among methods of sowing of barley, FIRBS 90cm (3 rows) resulted in significantly higher grain, straw and biological yield as compared to FIRBS 90cm (2 rows), FIRBS 75cm (2 rows) and flat sowing. The better grain yield and straw yield in FIRBS 90cm (3 rows) resulted due to significant increase in productive tillers/m2. Among the different irrigation levels, application of two and three irrigations in barley being at par and significantly increased the number of productivity tillers/m2, dry matter accumulation, ear length, number of grains/ear head, 1000-grain weight, grain quality characters, malt yield, grain and straw yield as compared to one irrigation. Flat sowing with three irrigations resulted into highest consumptive use of water. Application of N on top of bed led to significant increase in plant height, productive tillers/m2 and dry matter accumulation in barley over application of N by broadcasting. Further, N application on top of bed also brought about improvement in yield attributes viz. productive tillers/m2, ear length, number of grains/ear head and 1000 grain weight and consequently significant improvement in grain and straw yield over N application by broadcast. Application of N on top of bed increased the protein content, -glucan, hectoliter weight, husk content and decreased in the malt yield and hot water extract over N application by broadcasting, however N application before or after irrigation either on top of bed or broadcast did not reflect any significant variation in term of yield, yield attribute and quality parameters.ThesisItem Open Access Production efficiency of mungbeanwheat (Desi) system under different inorganic and organic sources of nutrients(CCSHAU, 2013) Neelam; Nanwal, R.K.The field experiment entitled “Production efficiency of Mungbean-wheat (Desi) system under different inorganic and organic sources of nutrients” was conducted during the year 2010-11 and 2011-12 at Agronomy Research Farm of CCS HAU, Hisar (India). The experiment consisting of seven treatments was laid out in randomized block Design with five replications. In mungbean crop treatment T7 (100% RDF) exhibited highest growth character. Yield contributing characters were recorded highest in T5 and/or T7 (T2+75% RDF and 100% RDF). Seed, straw and biological yield of mungbean increased with progressive increase in fertilizer dose. The pooled grain yield was recorded highest in T5 (1291 kg ha-1). In mungbean-wheat cropping sequence N and P uptake by mungbean seed and straw was higher in integrated nutrient management treatment (T5) as compared to inorganic fertilizer. In wheat crop, treatments T5 recorded highest value in most of the growth characters during both the years. Yield contributing characters were recorded highest in T5 during both the years of study except number of spikes per metre row length during second year which was found highest in treatment T4. Similarly, highest grain, straw as well as biological yield was recorded in T5 during both the years. Pooled grain yield was recorded highest in T5 (2950 kg ha-1), at par with T7 (2906 kg ha-1) and T4 (2896 kg ha-1) and significantly superior over rest of the treatments. Protein content was found highest in treatment T7 (100% RDF) with the value of 11.7% during both the years of experimentation. Maximum net returns were obtained in T7 during first and second year, respectively. The available N and K in soil increased due to the application of T2+75% RDF (T5), during both the years of study.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on irrigation scheduling in wheatcluster bean sequence under different crop establishment techniques(CCSHAU, 2014) G A, Rajanna; Dhindwal, A.S.A field experiment entitled, “Studies on irrigation scheduling in wheat-cluster bean sequence under different crop establishment techniques” was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, CCS Haryana Agricultural University Hisar during rabi 2012-13 and 2013-14 and kharif 2013 and 2014. There were 12 treatment combinations with Four main plot treatments viz. conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), zero tillage (ZT) and FIRBS; and three sub plot treatments i.e., I1: CRI+IW:CPE=0.90, I2: CRI+IW:CPE=0.75 and I3: CRI+IW:CPE=0.60 for wheat and I1: IW:CPE=0.80, I2: IW:CPE=0.70 and I3: IW:CPE=0.60 for cluster bean. FIRBS (bed) planting wheat resulted in significantly higher growth and yield parameters during 2012- 13 and 2013-14 crop seasons compared to CT and MT but the difference between FIRBS and ZT was not marked. Irrigation applied at CRI+IW/CPE=0.90 produced significantly higher growth parameters and yield parameters during both the crop seasons as compared to other irrigation schedules. FIRBS (bed) planted wheat produced significantly higher grain yield of wheat i.e., 5165 kg ha-1 during 2012-13 and 5508 kg ha-1 during 2013-14 as well as pooled grain yield of 5337 kg ha-1 as compared to CT and MT but the difference between FIRBS and ZT was at par with each other. Application of irrigation at CRI+IW/CPE=0.90 (4945 kg ha-1) during 2012-13 and during 2013-14 (5299 kg ha-1) as well as on pooled basis (5122 kg ha-1) as compared to other irrigation schedules. In the year, net returns (` 40452 ha-1 during 2012-13 and ` 49668 ha- 1 during 2013-14) and B:C (1.92 and 2.06, respectively) were significantly higher with ZT compared to other techniques. The total consumptive water by the wheat crop was 12% and 9% lower under FIRBS during 2012-13 and 2013-14 compared to CT. The total water use was around 8% and 9% lower under CRI+IW/CPE=0.75 compared to CRI+IW/CPE=0.90 during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively. Highest WUE was obtained with FIRBS (144.6 and 155.4 kg ha-cm-1) compared to other crop establishment techniques during both the crop seasons, respectively. Growth and yield parameters of cluster bean were significantly highest with FIRBS than ZT and MT during 2013 and 2014 seasons. Seed yield of cluster bean was significantly higher in FIRBS i.e., 900 and 471 kg ha-1 during 2013 and 2014, respectively compared to ZT, MT and CT. Net returns were significantly higher with FIRBS planting i.e., ` 20148 ha-1 during 2013 and ` 3183 ha-1 during 2014 as well as B:C i.e., 1.85 in 2013 and 1.13 in 2014 compared to other crop establishment. FIRBS (bed) planted wheat-cluster bean produced significantly higher WEY of 8233 and 7356 kg ha-1 as well as system net returns i.e., ` 60353 and ` 49741 ha-1 during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively compared to other crop establishment techniques. The WUE of wheat-cluster bean system was found to be highest (88.3 and 81.3 kg ha-cm-1) with FIRBS (bed) planting during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively than other crop establishment techniques.ThesisItem Open Access Effect Of Organic Sources Of Nutrition And Irrigation Levels On Growth, Yield And Quality Of Wheat ( Triticum Aestivum L.) In Soybean -Wheat Rotation(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2010) Parvinder Kumar; Pannu, R KThesisItem Open Access Studies on green house gas emissions and carbon sequestration under conservation agriculture in maize based cropping systems(CCSHAU, 2014) Parihar, Muli Devi; Nanwal, R.K.The experiment was carried out at the Research Farm, Directorate of Maize Research Pusa New Delhi for two consecutive kharif seasons of 2012-13 and 2013-14. The field was laid out in a split plot design with three replications. Six conservation tillage practices viz. PB-WR, PB-WOR, ZT-WR, ZTWOR, CT-WR and CT-WOR were taken in the main plots and two cropping system viz. maize-wheat and maize-chickpea in subplots. All growth parameters viz. Plant height, dry matter accumulation, LAI, CGR, RGR and NAR were significantly affected by conservation tillage practices. The growth parameters of maize did not influenced due to cropping system. Yield attributes of maize such as cobs/m2 and grains/cob were significantly influenced by conservation tillage practices. Similarly, yield attributes of wheat and chickpea were also significantly influenced. ZT-WR registered 22.4, 20.0 and 18.5 %; 24.3, 12.8 and 14.4% increase in grain, stover and biological yields during 2012 and 2013, respectively. The highest system productivity was realized under ZT-WR (9.97 and 11.13 t/ha) followed by PB-WR (9.65 and 10.65 t/ha) during 2012-13 and 2013-14, respectively. Cropping system did not have a significant effect on growth, yield and soil properties. The maximum gross (132.39 x 103 and 165.14 x 103 /ha) and net returns (87.19 x 103 and 117.03 x 103 /ha) were recorded under ZT-WR practice while, maximum B:C ratio was recorded under ZT-WOR (1.98 and 2.53) during both the years. The maximum C input was estimated under CT-WR whereas maximum C-output and CSI were under ZT-WR. Physical properties like BD, hydraulic conductivity, soil aggregation and infiltration rate were optimum under ZT-WR. Minimum GHGs (CO2 and N2O) emission from soil was recorded in maize followed by chickpea and wheat. Significant highest total CO2 emission in maize- wheat/chickpea cropping system was estimated under CT-WR and minimum under ZT-WOR. Whereas, maximum N2O-N emission was under CT-WOR and minimum under PB-WR.ThesisItem Open Access Agro physiological traits for drought tolerance in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)(CCSHAU, 2013) Yadav, Arvind Kumar; Anil KumarThe present experiment entitled, “Agro physiological traits for drought tolerance in pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L.)” was conducted at Research Farm Area of Crop Physiology, Department of Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during kharif seasons of 2011 and 2012. The performance of four genotypes viz., HHB 67 ‘Improved’, HHB 197, HHB 223 and HHB 234 were tested under two environments (rainfed and irrigated) in factorial randomized block design with three replications. All the phenological events except days taken to emergence and five leaf stages were early under rainfed condition than irrigated situation. Among the genotypes, HHB 67 ‘Improved’ was earliest to reach various phenophases than all other genotypes. The growth parameters i.e., plant height (cm), total number of tillers plant-1, dry matter accumulation (g plant-1), leaf area and crop growth indices (LAI, LAD, NAR and CGR) were significantly higher in the irrigated condition than rainfed environment. All the growth parameters (plant height, total number of tillers plant-1, dry matter accumulation plant-1 and leaf area) were significantly higher in genotype HHB 223 under irrigated condition, whereas under rainfed environment these values were better in the genotype HHB 234. Root length was observed deeper under rainfed environment, whereas root biomass was more under irrigated condition. The longer root and higher biomass were noticed in the genotype HHB 234 under rain fed environment whereas under irrigated condition these were more in the HHB 223 and HHB 197. Plant water relation studies showed more values of leaf water potential and relative water content (%), thereby resulting in cooler canopy under irrigated condition than rainfed situation and genotype HHB 234 had reflected more values of these traits and proved to be best yielder under the rainfed environment. Under irrigated condition, genotype HHB 223 had exhibited better plant water status and it was ultimately reflected in terms of yield also. Grain yield and its attributes (earhead bearing tillers, earhead length, earhead girth and test weight) were significantly better under irrigated condition than rain fed situation. The genotype HHB 223 recorded higher number of tillers, earhead length, earhead girth, test weight and grain chaff ratio, grain, stover and biological yields under irrigated condition whereas under rainfed condition, these were higher in genotype HHB 234 as compared to other genotypes. Zinc and iron content were significantly more under rainfed situation than the irrigated condition and genotype HHB 67 ‘Improved’ had the maximum zinc and iron content in the grain to other tested genotypes.ThesisItem Open Access Performance Of Pinoxaden Alone And In Combination With Other Herbicides Against Weeds In Wheat(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2010) Suman; Punia, S SThesisItem Open Access Moisture stress management in wheat(CCSHAU, 2013) Patil, Mahesh; Dhindwal, A.S.The field experiment entitled, “Moisture stress management in wheat” was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, during rabi seasons of 2010-11 and 2011-12. The treatment consisted of four moisture regimes in main plots viz., irrigation at crown root initiation (CRI) + 100 mm cumulative pan evapotranspiration (CPE), CRI + 150 mm CPE, CRI + 200 mm CPE and CRI only, and six moisture stress management practices in sub plot viz., No moisture stress management, seed hardening (SH) by CaCl2, SH + KCl spray at 90 days after sowing (DAS), SH + mycorrhizae application at sowing + KCl spray, SH + mycorrhizae + KCl spray + kaolin spray at 115 DAS and pusa hydrogel application at sowing. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications in sandy loam soil. The morpho-physiological parameters namely, plant height, numbers of tillers, leaf area index, leaf area duration, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, seed vigour index, relative water content, leaf water potential, chlorophyll content and canopy temperature depression during both the season were found to be highest with irrigation at CRI + 100 mm CPE closely followed by CRI + 150 mm CPE, CRI + 200 CPE and lowest with irrigation at CRI only. Similar trend was recorded in terms of grain, straw and biological yields, harvest index, number of spikes per m2, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike and test weight, and gross income, net return and B: C ratio. Moisture stress management practices of SH + mycorrhizae + KCl spray + kaolin spray had favorable impact on morphological parameters viz., plant height, numbers of tillers, leaf area index, leaf area duration, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, physiological parameters viz., relative water content, leaf water potential, chlorophyll content, canopy temperature depression and yield parameters viz., number of spikes per m2, spike length, number of spikelets per spike, number of grains per spike, grain weight per spike and test weight. This practice of moisture stress management produced higher grain and straw yield as well as net returns. Reduction in cumulative yield as simulated by CROPWAT model was highest in S4 moisture regime.ThesisItem Open Access Studies On Crop-Weed Competition And Screening Of Post Emergence Herbicides In Fieldpea(College Of Agriculture CCS Haryana Agricultural University : Hisar, 2010) Singh,Mainpal.; Kumar,Rakesh.