Thumbnail Image

Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

Browse

End date: 2017 × Start date: 2017 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Tech. ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 24
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Process standardization for Sous-Vide cooking of microwave pretreated broccoli (Brassica oleracea)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-10) Rawat, Rashmi; Lohani, U.C.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Interaction of milling parameters with the quality of wheat flour using stone grinder
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-10) Pandey, Suman; Omre, P.K.
    Wheat is among the most important food crop and an affluent source of carbohydrates and contains valuable components such as protein, fat, minerals and vitamins. But during wheat processing, components like vitamins and minerals are lost. The major reason is the removal of bran and wheat processing parameters like speed and clearance between the grinding stones which affects the components of wheat. These are destroyed by the heat produced due to frictional forces between the grinding stone. The effect of the frictional force can be reduced by performing the milling operation at comparatively lower speed. Therefore, research was undertaken to study the effect of these process parameters i.e., grinding speed, feed rate and clearance and subsequently optimize the parameters on the basis of flour recovery and quality attributes. Experiments were conducted using general factorial design with three independent variables at three levels. Variables selected for the experiment were speed (100, 350 and 600 rpm), feed rate (6, 8 and 10 kg/h) and clearance (0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 mm). Responses selected were flour yield (g/100g), machine yield (g/100g), average particle size (mm), protein (g/100g), fat (g/100g), moisture loss (%), ash (g/100g), calcium (mg/100g) and iron (mg/100g). The data from the experiments were analyzed using Design Expert 10.0.1 and the response function were developed using multiple regression analysis and second order model was fitted for each response. It was found that speed, feed rate and clearance had highly significant effect on flour yield, fat, moisture, iron, calcium, ash and average particle size whereas the protein was affected only by speed. The results obtained were optimized using general factorial methodology. Optimum levels of variables were grinding speed 100.001 rpm, feed rate 6 kg/h and clearance between the stones 0.23 mm and with responses value 93.6 g/100g machine yield, 83.2 g/100g flour yield, 12.9 g/100g protein, 1.21 g/100g ash, 16.2 % moisture loss, 2.67 g/100g fat, 23.9 mg/100g calcium, 3.80 mg/100g iron and 0.29 mm average particle size. It was found that traditionally milled flour has 9.4 g/100g protein which is comparatively less than the protein value obtained at 100 rpm grinding speed. Also decreased ash content was obtained i.e. 1.21 g/100 g in comparison to the traditionally milled flour. Overall, better flour quality was obtained when wheat was ground at 100 rpm grinding speed with 6 kg/h feed rate and 0.23 mm clearance.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Experimental study of mechanical and thermal properties of Bhimal fiber reinforced epoxy bio-composite
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Upreti, Bikraj; Chaudhary, A.K.
    Bio-composites are putting forth a concentrated effort in almost every engineering field due to their cost viability and biodegradable nature. In a huge variety of natural fibers, bhimal fiber is a very promising fiber that still needs to be explored as an engineering material, because it has very rarely been used by researchers in their research work. Bhimal fiber is a cellulosic fiber extracted from the stems of bhimal tree. It has a great tensile strength and flexibility. In present work bhimal fiber reinforced epoxy bio-composite was successfully prepared by hand lay-up casting technique in order to examine its mechanical and thermal properties for varying content of bhimal fiber ( i.e. 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 weight % ). Before the preparation of composite, the surface of bhimal fiber was treated with potassium hydroxide to improve its adhesion properties. From the experiments it was observed that while increasing the fiber content up to 5 wt%, the tensile, flexural and compressive strength continuously increased then started decreasing. Similarly hardness and impact strength were also observed to be increasing up to a peak value at 4 wt% of bhimal fiber. All these results were supported by the SEM, TGA and DTA results. From the observations, it has been concluded that the bhimal fibers are lighter in weight than all existing fibers and strength to weight ratio of the bhimal fiber reinforced epoxy bio-composite is quite higher than the other conventionally used natural fiber based composites. Hence these can be used as reinforcement to produce much lighter weight bio-composites.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pollution assessment of river Ganga segment in Uttarakhand
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-08) Dabral, Ashish; Kashyap, P.S.
    Soil erosion due to rain and wind action is a serious problem in India. Its negative impacts include reduction in soil productivity, silting of dams and reservoirs, deficits in water availability, pollution of water courses, serious damages to properties by soil-laden runoff, and desertification of natural environments. In the present study, chemical and physical parameters of the river were observed. The river Ganga segment in Uttarakhand was taken as study area from Devprayag (30.140N, 78.590E) to Balawali (29.640N, 78.10E). From the study area, a total of twelve locations were selected and water samples were taken in February and June. The classification of the locations of the samples of both the months for the utilization of water for various purposes like drinking water source without conventional treatment but after disinfection, fish culture and wild life propagation and irrigation and industrial cooling or controlled waste disposal was done for useful interpretation of which water could be used for what purposes according to desirable and permissible limits of pH, EC, TDS, free CO2, chloride, total acidity, calcium hardness, total hardness and magnesium hardness.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Optimization of fermenting parameters for bioethanol production from pea hull waste
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Saxena, Divya; Singh, Anupama
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Theoretical and experimental analysis of CI engine fuelled with Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel and diesel with ethanol as an additive
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-08) Gautam, Puneet Singh; Gupta, V.K.
    Energy is a basic contribution for social and economic development. The energy strategy of a nation goes for productivity and security and to give access which being environment friendly and accomplishment of primary resources for energy generation. Petroleum fuels will keep on playing a predominant part in the area of energy in our country in couple of few decades. However, traditional or petroleum fuel resources are limited, non-renewable, polluting and, accordingly, should be utilized judiciously whereas renewable energy sources are indigenous, non-polluting and its availability is unlimited. In this way, their utilization ought to be supported in every possible way. The aim of this present work is to extract biodiesel from a new non edible oil known as calophyllum inophyllum (tamanu oil). The retained finished biodiesel is further blended with the reference baseline fuel i.e. diesel and ethanol in proposed percentage and to test the performance parameters such as brake power, brake specific fuel consumption, brake thermal efficiency, and emission characteristics (exhaust temperature, smoke density) experimentally on 4.4kW rated power, single cylinder four stroke compressed ignition engine. Then few of the experimental results are validated using two zone, zero dimensional model after discretizing empirical correlations with forward difference method and solving the same in matrix laboratory (MATLAB) and some other important theoretical results such as bulk in-cylinder pressure, in-cylinder temperature, heat release rate, power, torque, work done etc. at different loads are analysed.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Design of high frequency quadrature output ring oscillator in 0.18 µm CMOS process
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Bohra, Meenu; Tomar, Abhishek
    Oscillation frequency, frequency tuning, phase noise and power dissipation are the important parameters in designing any ring VCO with the contemporary sub-micron technologies. The oscillation frequency, frequency tuning, phase noise and power dissipation are still not up to the mark so that ring oscillator can be used in RF application. Various designs had been developed by using effective topologies for reducing power dissipation and phase noise and improving oscillation frequency and frequency tuning. In this thesis, a novel design of ring VCO has been proposed and implemented in TSMC 0.18 µm CMOS technology. The proposed novel design is compared with the earlier proposed designs in 0.18 µm CMOS technology for oscillation frequency, frequency tuning, phase noise and power dissipation. The simulation is done using Cadence EDA tool. The simulated results shows phase noise of the proposed ring VCO equal to -102.9 dBc/Hz at a frequency offset of 1 MHz from a center frequency of 2.61 GHz. The measured power dissipation of the circuit is 25.27 mW. The tuning range of the proposed ring VCO is from 2.61 GHz to 0.2 GHz for a tuning voltage from 0 V to 1.2 V. The layout is drawn and post layout simulation is done which verifies the pre layout results.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Design of 2-6 GHz Flat Gain CMOS LNA for WiMAX applications
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Varshney, Swati; Tomar, Abhishek
    Radio Frequency signal transmission via wireless technologies is becoming a major method of communication in modern age. But the signal obtained after reception is often corrupted with noise. So, to suppress noise the received signal need to be processed. LNA plays an important role in determining the receiver performance because it is used to amplify the very small signal coming from antenna while adding as little noise and distortion as possible. The main focus of this thesis is to design a Low Noise Amplifier having flat gain for the frequency range of 2-6 GHz. A novel architecture of current reuse LNA with resistive feedback and inductive source degeneration is proposed. Current reuse structure is used to reduce the power consumption and resistive feedback along with inductive source degeneration topology is used for input matching. The input and output matching is better for maximum signal transfer. 0.18 µm TSMC CMOS technology is used for designing the proposed LNA and cadence virtuoso software is used to simulate the schematic of LNA. Simulation shows that the proposed LNA has achieved flat gain, better input & output matching, good isolation and better stability. Amplifier has 15.4 dB gain with 0.3 dB variation, input return loss less than 12.4 dB, output return loss less than -17.4 dB, reverse isolation less than -48.33 dB and noise figure less than 5.2 dB. It exhibit 1-dB compression point -21.86 dBm and third order input intercept point-9.93 dBm at 4 GHz frequency respectively. The circuit draws 21.95 mW from 1.8 V supply voltage.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on dynamic balancing of thresher drum and its effect on vibration and power consumption
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-08) Negi, Rohit; Arun Kumar
    Farm mechanization and adoption of latest techniques have played an important role in increasing the agricultural production, due to which the number of agricultural equipment and machines has increased. One of the agricultural machines is thresher which is used for loosening and detaching the grains from ear heads. Threshers have played a special role in the post-harvest operations of the crop which results in the increase in production. With the functional design, there is a need of improvement in the dynamic performance of the thresher. To improve the dynamic performance of thresher, dynamic balancing of the thresher drum was performed. Dynamic balancing was conducted on thresher drum of a small multi crop thresher and a small wheat thresher. For dynamic balancing of thresher drum a set-up was developed. The vibration amplitude and power consumption of thresher was measured and compare before and after the balancing of thresher. The vibration amplitude and power consumption were analyzed at five levels of cylinder speed (300 rpm, 360 rpm, 420 rpm, 480 rpm and 540 rpm) in multi crop thresher and at four levels of cylinder speed (720 rpm, 870 rpm, 1080 rpm and 1160 rpm) in the wheat thresher on load and no load conditions. It was observed that the vibration amplitude and power consumption reduced after the balancing of thresher drum of both the threshers. In multi crop thresher the maximum reduction in vibration amplitude on no load and on load was noted as 41.62% at the frame adjacent to the bearing of the thresher drum shaft (LM4) and 38.38% at the second upper corner of the frame supporting the thresher drum (LM2), respectively. In wheat thresher the maximum reduction in vibration amplitude on no load and on load was noted as 52.10% at the third upper corner of the frame of thresher (LW3) and 58.33% at feeding chute (LW6). Maximum reduction in power consumption on no load was measured 6.08% and 7.76% in multi crop and wheat thresher, respectively.