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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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Subject: Veterinary Public Health × Author: Bisht, Piyush × Start date: 2005 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Isolation, characterization and prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacters in poultry farms and meat vendors using novel enrichment method
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2019-07) Bisht, Piyush; Upadhyay, A.K.
    Campylobacters are Gram negative helical bacilli belonging to the family Campylobacteraceae and are of major public health significance as they are one of the leading cause of food borne gastroenteritis worldwide. The present study was carried out to find a novel technique for isolation of Campylobacter spp. and and determine the prevalence of thermophilic Campylobacter spp. in poultry and their living environment at different poultry farms and meat vendors located in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand state. Most of the Campylobacter culture media described in the literature are supplemented with sheep or horse blood, therefore, this study examined the use of goat blood as potential substitutes for sheep blood in blood-supplemented bacteriologic media commonly used in clinical microbiology laboratories. A total of 381 samples comprising of 156 poultry caeca, 86 poultry faeces, 25 goat faeces, 10 sheep faeces, 24 meat swabs and 80 environmental samples viz.; water (n=32) and litter (n=48) were collected from three (n=3) poultry farms and meat shops (n=4) were analyzed, of which 49 samples showed characteristic colonies, either having a spreading or watery nature. They were typical Gram negative spiral rods and had characteristic cork screw motility. All the 49 Campylobacter isolates were confirmed using biochemical and molecular assays. In latex agglutination test, all the isolates produced characteristic agglutination. Genus-specific PCR amplification of 16SrRNA gene yielded expected product of 816 bp in all the isolates. In multiplex PCR assay conducted targeting lpxA gene for the identification of C. jejuni (331 bp) and C. coli (391bp) was used. According to research, the mean of the viable count of bacteria obtained from media supplemented with Goat blood was 0.921x108 c.f.u./ml and sheep blood was 0.936x108 c.f.u./ml. The Chi square analysis (ϗ2) was performed which proves the result to be non-significant showing similarities between the results obtained by both the media. Hence, the data indicates that goat blood can also be used as alternative and all the studies were carried on goat blood. The prevalence rate of thermophilic campylobacters sample was found to be 12.79% (11/86) in poultry faeces, 21.15% (33/156) in poultry caeca, 12.5% (3/24) in meat swabs and 4.16% (2/48) in litter from poultry farms. No thermophilic Campylobacter was isolated from goat faeces, sheep faeces and water samples from the poultry farms. Farmwise, the highest prevalence in poultry farms was detected in Anandpur (11.7%) followed by Haldwani (7.5%), and Pantnagar (5.3%). Among the chicken meat shops, highest prevalence was detected in Pantnagar (24%) followed by Haldwani (23.3%), Lalkuan (15%) and Nainital (6.6%). Out of the total of 49 thermophilic Campylobacter isolated, comprising of 36 C. jejuni (67.34%) and 13 C. coli (32.65%). As poultry serve as important source of Campylobacter, awareness among the poultry farmers and chicken meat retailers should be created to prevent the further transmission of this zoonotic agent.