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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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Subject: Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology × Start date: 2021 × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Disposition kinetics and tissue residue study of enrofloxacin in broiler poultry
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-08) Swatilika; Ahmad, A.H.
    The present investigation was conducted to study the pharmacokinetics and tissue residue levels of enrofloxacin following administration of enrofloxacin by oral route in broilers as single dose (10 mg.kg-1 b.w.) and as multiple doses (10 mg.kg-1 b.w.) for five consecutive days and to calculate the correct dosage regimen to utilize optimal therapeutic limits in preventing and curing the disease. For the present study commercial enrofloxacin (10% w/v) preparation was administered at a dose rate of 10 mg.kg-1 b.w. orally as a single dose to nine birds and as a multiple dose to nine birds for five days. The plasma and tissue samples were collected at regular intervals and subjected to analysis by HPLC after appropriate processing. From the study it was revealed that the broiler birds showed the distribution half-life of 0.582±0.015h, a volume of distribution (Vp) of 8.53±0.194L.kg-1, an elimination half-life of 13.183±0.623h, a Cmax level of 1.535± 0.007 μg.mL-1 for enrofloxacin after single dose administration. Whereas, a Cmax level of 1.680± 0.010 μg.mL-1, distribution half-life of 0.717±0.102h, a volume of distribution (Vp) of 7.820±0.249L.kg-1, an elimination half-life of 11.888±1.021h was observed for enrofloxacin after first dose following multiple dose administration. A Cmax level of 1.704±0.002 μg.mL-1, distribution half-life of 0.717± 0.102h, a volume of distribution (Vp) of 9.029±0.006L.kg-1, an elimination half-life of 14.011±0.084h was observed for enrofloxacin after last dose following multiple dose administration. According to the results obtained in the pharmacokinetic study an individualized dosage regimen containing a priming dose of 22.262 mg.kg-1 b.w. and a maintenance dose of 16.660 b.w. mg.kg-1 over a period of 12 h was suggested for the enrofloxacin in broiler birds following single dose administration. Following single dose oral administration the highest residue concentration of enrofloxacin was observed in liver (0.427±0.055μg.g-1) followed by kidney (0.312±0.008 μg.g-1) at 24 hrs post administration of enrofloxacin. Minimum residue concentrations of enrofloxacin were detected in heart and lungs. In case of multiple dose oral administration the highest concentration of enrofloxacin was found in liver (0.579±0.071 μg.g-1) at 24 hrs which decreased to 0.078±0.0014 μg.g-1 at 72 hrs. After 72 hrs post administration, no residue of enrofloxacin could be detected in lungs following multiple dose oral administration. Ciprofloxacin could not be detected in the tissues following single dose study while ciprofloxacin residues were observed in tissues following multiple dose study.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Pharmacokinetic study of Florfenicol following single and multiple dose oral administration in broiler poultry
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-08) Padaliya, Manisha; Ahmad, A.H.
    The current investigation was carried out to estimate the pharmacokinetics and tissue residue study of florfenicol following single and multiple (five) dose at 24 h interval through oral administration @ 30 mg.kg-1 body weight in broiler poultry (n=18). The concentration of florfenicol in plasma and tissue of these birds was analysed by HPLC. The peak plasma concentration of 3.314, 3.339 and 3.213 μg.ml-1 were detected in poultry following single dose, first day and fifth day of multiple dose , respectively at 1h. The Cmax., Tmax., mean area under the curve (AUC), distribution half-life (t1/2α) and elimination half-life (t1/2β), volume of distribution (V/F) and clearance from central compartment (CL/F) were calculated as 3.130 μg.mL-1, 0.963 h, 13.352 μg.mL-1.h, 0.625 h, 6.421 h, 7.934 L.kg-1 and 4.358 L.kg-1.h-1, respectively following single dose . In multiple dose study after first and fifth dose, the Cmax., Tmax., AUC, t1/2α, t1/2β, V/F and CL/F were estimated as 2.973 and 2.872 μg.mL-1; 1.032 and 1.013 h; 13.83 and 13.970 μg.mL-1.h; 0.728 and 0.640 h; 7.305 and 6.071 h; 8.722 and 8.794 L.kg-1; 4.155 and 4.503 L.kg-1.h-1 , respectively. Following single dose oral administration the highest tissue concentration was observed in liver (1.55 μg.g-1) and lowest in fat (0.180 μg.g-1) at 24 h. At 72 h post administration no residue could be detected in any tissue following single dose. In case of multiple (five) dose via oral administration the highest concentration was found in intestine (1.902 μg.g-1) at 48 h which decreases to 0.180 μg.g-1 at 72h . At 96 h post administration no residue of Florfenicol could be detected in any tissue following multiple (5) dose oral administration. The therapeutic concentration (0.5μg.ml-1) of florfenicol was maintained upto 8h following single and multiple (5) dose (30mg/kg) oral administration, so recommended priming dose and maintenance dose is 6.494 mg/kg and 3.864 mg/kg, respectively. Tissue residue could not be detected at 72 h and 96 h following single and multiple dose oral administration, respectively so, a withdrawal period of 3 days and 4 days is recommended in broiler poultry birds following single and multiple dose.