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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar
After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960.
The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.
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ThesisItem Open Access Studies on heterosis, combining ability and molecular diversity in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Sahoo, Tusar Ranjan; Singh, D.K.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of nitrogen scheduling on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Pandey, Pooja; Manoj RaghavThe present investigation entitled “Effect of nitrogen scheduling on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)” was carried out during winter season of two consecutive years 2014-15 and 2015-16 at Vegetable Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U. S. Nagar, Uttarakhand. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications having ten treatments in each. During the study, observations for growth characters, yield characters, quality attributes, nitrogen uptake, nitrogen use efficiency and apparent recovery were analyzed. Besides of this, to assess the profitability, cost of cultivation, net profit and benefit-cost ratio also were worked out. Two year investigation revealed that nitrogen scheduling significantly influenced the performance of potato crop. Among all the treatments, T9 (25% N of RDF as basal + 50% top dressing at 25 DAP + one foliar spray of urea @ 3% at 40 DAP) was proved best with respect to overall plant growth, tuber yield (36.62 t ha-1 and 31.53 t ha-1) and nitrogen apparent recovery (65.8 % and 62.5 %) and also registered maximum benefit-cost ratio (1.69 and 1.48) during both the years, respectively. It not only recorded 7.23 % higher yield over recommended treatment T1 (50% N of RDF as basal + 50% top dressing at 25 DAP) but also save 15 % nitrogen (25 kg ha-1). While, treatment T7 (50% N of RDF as basal + two foliar spray of urea @ 3% at 25 & 40 DAP) produced maximum quality tubers having dry matter (19.4 % and 19.3 %) and specific gravity (1.09 g/cm3) during both the years, respectively. Based on overall performance, it could be concluded that under prevalent climatic conditions of tarai region of Uttarakhand, 25% N of RDF as basal + 50% top dressing at 25 DAP + one foliar spray of urea @ 3% at 40 DAP can be recommended to get maximum potato tuber yield and higher net return whereas, 50% N of RDF as basal + two foliar spray of urea @ 3% at 25 & 40 DAP can be recommended to get quality tubers.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on morphological and biochemical characterization of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) germplasm(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-07) Ahirwar, Chandan Singh; Singh, D.K.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on heterosis, combining ability and screening of different f2 populations of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) against bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2017-03) Sujit Kumar; Singh, J.P.The present research work was carried out from September 2015 to May 2016 in polyhouse, February 2016 to May 2016 and July 2016 to November 2016 in open field at Vegetable Research Centre (VRC) of the G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand. The major objectives of the study were to know the extent of heterosis, combining ability, various genetic parameters and identification of resistance line/plant against bacterial wilt in F2 populations of tomato. Thirty three crosses were evolved in a line × tester mating design with male parents (testers) as Arka Alok, Arka Abha and Utkal Pallavi and female parents (lines) as Pant Sel 2014, S-108, Shirazi, Sweet 72, PT 41, PT 2009-8, PT 8, CLN 2070, CLN 2237, H 86 and EC919261. Under polyhouse, hybrid Pant Sel 2014 × Utkal Pallavi and Shirazi × Arka Alok were most promising for earliness over better and check parents. EC 919261 × Utkal Pallavi for plant height while, Pant Sel 2014 × Utkal Pallavi exhibited most promising heterosis results for number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per hectare and fruit shape index. The cross combinations EC 919261 × Utkal Pallavi and CLN2237 × Utkal Pallavi showed maximum heterosis for number of fruits per cluster, Sweet 72 × Arka Abha for average fruit weight, Pant Sel 2014 × Arka Alok for number of flowers per clusters, CLN2070 × Utkal Pallavi for fruit diameter, S-108 × Arka Alok for pericarp thickness and CLN2070 × Arka Abha was most promising hybrid combination for the trait TSS and vitamin C at red ripe stage. In open field, Pant Sel 2014 × Utkal Pallavi and Sweet 72 × Utkal Pallavi exhibited high heterosis for earliness while, hybrids PT 41× Utkal Pallavi and H-86 × Utkal Pallavi for tallness and dwarfness, respectively. Pant Sel 2014 × Utkal Pallavi exhibited maximum heterosis for number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per hectare, fruit shape index days to fifty per cent flowering and first harvest. EC 919261 × Utkal Pallavi and CLN2237 × Utkal Pallavi for number of fruits per cluster, Sweet 72 × Arka Abha for average fruit weight and Pant Sel 2014 × Utkal Pallavi and H-86 × Arka Abha exhibited high heterosis for fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per hectare and for number of locules. CLN2070 × Utkal Pallavi for fruit diameter, S-108 × Arka Alok for pericarp thickness, EC 919261 × Utkal Pallavi for TSS at immature and ripe stage, whereas, CLN 2070 × Arka Abha was most promising hybrid combination for TSS and vitamin C at red ripe stage. Under polyhouse, lines Pant Sel 2014, H-86 and Sweet72 were the most promising general combiner for earliness, yield and fruit characters while, EC919261 for TSS and Vitamin C content at green and ripe fruit stage. Among testers Utkal Pallavi exhibited significant positive gca effects for Days to 50% flowering, number of flowers per cluster, number of fruits per cluster, number of fruits per plant, days to first harvest, fruit shape index, TSS in green and ripe fruit whereas, Arka Alok was the best combiner for fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per hectare, fruit length, fruit diameter, pericarp thickness and vitamin C in green fruits. In open field, PT 41 was the most promising general combiner for plant and yield traits, locules per fruit and vitamin C at ripe stage while, line Sweet72 and Pant Sel 2014 were the best general combiner for earliness, fruit yield and quality characters. Tomato line, H-86 was good general combiner for fruit characters and Shirazi for TSS and vitamin C content. Among testers, Arka Abha for plant height and fruit quality characters while, Utkal Pallavi was good combiner for yield attributes, TSS at ripe stage and vitamin C in green fruit. Bases on sca effects under polyhouse, Pant Sel 2014 × Utkal Pallavi was the most promising for plant height, number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant, fruit yield per hectare, fruit shape index and TSS at ripe stage, while H86 × Arka Abha showed the best sca effects for number of fruits per cluster, days to last harvest, fruit length, fruit diameter, and average fruit weight, CLN2337 × Utkal Pallavi for number of fruits per cluster and pericarp thickness, EC919261 × Arka Alok for plant height CLN2070 × Arka Abha for vitamin C at ripe fruit exhibited highest significant positive sca effect. In open field, Pant sel 2014 × Utkal Pallavi showed the best sca for days to first harvest, fruit length, fruit width, pericarp thickness, fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per hectare, while Shirazi × Arka Abha for fruit yield per plant and fruit yield per hectare. Other combinations with best sca were PT2009-8 × Utkal Pallavi for days to 50% flowering and TSS at green stage, Sweet72 × Arka Alok for Days to last harvest and average fruit weight, EC919261 × Arka Abha for number of Seed per gram, Shirazi × Utkal Pallavi for TSS at ripe fruit and S-108 × Arka Abha for vitamin C in ripe fruit. The combining ability analysis indicated the importance of both additive and non-additive gene action for different growth, yield and fruit quality characters. Three F1 hybrids viz., PT2009-8 × Arka Alok, CLN 2237 × Utkal Pallavi and CLN 2070 × Arka Abha and F2 population of only two crosses CLN 2070 × Arka Abha and Sweet 72 × Utkal Pallavi exhibited moderate resistance against bacterial wilt under open condition.ThesisItem Open Access Seed heteromorphism, seed quality assessment, genetic divergence and stability analysis in cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp](G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), 2016-12) Prasad, Shambhoo; Verma, J.S.The present investigation was carried out with 28 cowpea varieties over three seasons of Kharif -2013, Kharif-2014 and Kharif -2015. The field experiments were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) while under laboratory conditions the experiments were laid out in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The observations under field and laboratory conditions were recorded on 10 randomly selected plants or plant parts, seeds as well as seedlings as per the standard procedure. Seed heteromorphism studies showed considerable variability among cowpea varieties that might be helpful in developing specific seed processing equipments which can be used for upgrading the seed from harvested bulk seed lots. Seed coat texture, colour, shape and hilum colour can be used for identification of specific variety. Seed hydration capacity, hydration index, swelling capacity and swelling index help to understand the property of seed coat texture, which is used for the assessment of cowpea seed cooking properties. Water uptake by white/creamy white seed coated varieties was more rapid than black, red, light brown to dark brown coated seeds, while seeds with gray mottled coat imbibed slowly. Imbibition pattern showed genotypic differences, of which vegetable (Kashi series) and grain type (PL-1 and PL-2) varieties imbibe more rapidly causing imbibition damage than forage type varieties. Lower field emergence recorded in vegetable (Kashi series) and grain type (PL-1 and PL-2) varieties was associated with more imbibition damage than forage type varieties as confirmed by electrical conductivity test which is used for seed vigour classification. Germination test, seedling growth test and germination related indices were used for seed quality assessment. Maximum values for almost all the seed quality parameters was recorded in UPC series and other forage type varieties than Kashi series and grain type varieties. Higher value of normal seedling, root and shoot length, vigour index I, vigour index II, speed of germination, relative growth index and lower value of time taken to complete 50 per cent germination and mean germination time indicated the vigour potential of varieties, thus these parameters can be used to assess the seed quality and planting value of seed lot that will help farmers in taking decision to select the appropriate variety for sowing. Almost all the seed quality parameters showed significant correlation with field emergence except standard germination (SG), germination index (GI), mean germination time (MGT), mean daily germination (MDG) and membrane integrity (MI). Therefore, the normal seedling percentage, vigour index-I, vigour index-II, speed of germination, time to 50 per cent seed germination and imbibition damage tests can be used to predict the field emergence potential of cowpea seed lots. Maximum values of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variability were recorded for plant height, seed yield per plot, pod length, 100-seed weight and seed length. Higher heritability coupled with moderate to high genetic advance found for all the characters except number of branches per plant also indicated that selection would be effective for these traits. Thus, development of an ideal variety which may performe better under changing climate can be undertaken by using better donor parent for the crossing nursery. For the identification of stable varieties the AMMI model was used. The combined analysis of variance showed that environment was dominant source of variation for almost all the characters. Genotype x environment interaction further divided, of which the first interaction principal component axis (IPCA-I) contributed more than 70 per cent G x E interaction variation while remaining variability contributed due to residual effect. The cowpea varieties UPC 622 (4), UPC 5286 (1), UPC 8705 (12) and IL-1177 (23) were found less interactive with test environment because these varieties scored lower IPCA-I value and seed yield was higher than average seed yield , thus considered as most stable varieties across the environments for seed yield. Therefore, it is concluded that the selection during breeding programmes for lines showing slow rates of imbibition and low incidence of imbibition damage may lead to improved seed vigour and the combination of seed quality assessment methods instead of germination test can be used to predict the planting value of seed lots. For the development of high yielding stable varieties, the appropriate donor parents having better yield potential as well as less interactive with test environments can be used in breeding programme.ThesisItem Open Access Stability analysis of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.) genotypes under different environments in Tarai region of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), 2016-10) Kannan, D.; Singh, Dhirendra KumarThe present investigation was undertaken to study the stability analysis in cauliflower at Vegetable Research Centre (VRC) of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar with sixty diverse genotypes. The experiment was evaluated in Augmented Block Design (ABD) under four environmental conditions. Stability analysis was studied for twelve quantitative characters and thirteen qualitative characters. Data were analyzed statistically for stability analysis, effect of spacing and boron, genotypic, phenotypic coefficient of variation, heritability, genetic advance and correlation coefficient. Analysis of variance revealed among the sixty diverse genotypes, thirty genotypes performed stable (fifty percent) over the environments viz., PCF201, PCF202, PCF203, PCF205, PCF206, PCF207, PCF208, PCF215, PCF218, PCF227, PCF221, PCF223, PCF224, PCF225, PCF228, PCF232, PCF233, PCF235, PCF236, PCF237, PCF240, PCF241, PCF243, PCF245, PCF248, PCF250, PCF251, PCF252, PCF253 and PCF255 and eleven genotypes are PCF201, PCF202, PCF203, PCF205, PCF206, PCF218, PCF235, PCF240, PCF248, PCF251 and PCF255 showed most stable performance over the environments. The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) showed high values in plant weight (g), leaf length, leaf breadth, curd weight, curd length, curd breadth, number of leaves, plant height, plant spread and petiole length. Estimates of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) showed high values for plant weight, curd weight, curd length, curd breadth, plant height, plant spread and petiole length. High heritability were observed for plant weight (g), leaf breadth, curd weight, curd length, curd breadth, number of leaves, plant height, plant spread and petiole length. While moderate level of heritability were observed for days to first curd formation, days to 50% maturity and leaf length. High level of genetic advance showed in plant weight, curd weight, plant height, and plant spread. Among the four environments comprising different spacing and boron concluded that E1 (60 x 50 cm without boron) gave early days to curd initiation and days to 50% curd maturity while E2 (60 x 50 cm with boron) gave best performance compare to other environments in curd weight, curd length and curd breadth but other two environments high density spacing E3 (50 x 40 cm without boron) and E4 (50 x 40 cm with boron) only favourable for vegetative characters. Correlation studies indicated that curd yield per hectare was significant and positively correlated with curd length, number of leaves, plant height, days to curd formation and days to 50% maturity and negative significantly correlated with curd breadth, petiole length and plant spread.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation of coriander (Coriandrum sativum l.) germplasm for growth and yield characters under tarai conditions of Uttarakhand(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2012-07) Sunil Kumar; Singh, J.P.Ninety genotypes and three checks (Pant Haritima, Hisar Anand and ACr-728) of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) were evaluated in Augmented Block Design during Rabi season of 2009-10 and 2010-11 at Vegetable Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, to study the genetic variation for thirteen growth and yield characters namely, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height up to main umbel, plant height including main umbel, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant ,number of umbels per plant, number of umbelletes per umbel, number of fruits per umbel, number of fruits per umbellate , seed yield per plot(g), seed yield per plant (g), seed yield kg per ha and 1000-seed weight (g), The pooled data were subjected to statistical analysis. The results of analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for number of fruits per umbel and significant differences were observed between checks for plant height upto main umbel and number of umbels per plant in 2009-10. In 2010-11 highly significant difference was observed between block for number of umbellates per umbel and highly significant difference was observed between check for plant height upto main umbel, number of secondary branches per plant, number of umbellates per umbel, seed yield per plot(g), seed yield kg per ha, and weight of 1000-seed and significant diffeferance for plant height including main umbels. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among genotypes indicating sufficient amount of variation for those characters in the germplasm collection. Character association indicate seed yield (kg per hectare) have significant and positive correlation with plant height upto mainumbel (0.325), plant height including main umbels (0.331), number of fruits per umbel (0.290), seed yield per plot (0.743) and seed yield per plant (0.361). The path coefficient analysis revealed that the highest direct effect was shown by seed yield per plot (0.6975), toward on seed yield (kg per hectare) followed by number of fruits per umbels (0.2716), seed yield per plant (0.1143), 1000-seed weight (0.060), days to 50 per cent flowering (0.0281), number of primary branches per plant (0.0734) and plant height upto main umbels. The principal component analysis was done on correlation matrix of important economic traits. First 10 principal components explain 94.72 per cent of total variation. Present investigation germplasm of coriander the maximum variation of 21.67 per cent was explained by first latent vector followed by 16.79 per cent (second vector) and 12.31 per cent (third vector). Ninety genotypes and three checks were classified into six non-over lapping clusters on the basis of non-hierarchical Euclidean cluster analysis for yield and growth traits. The maximum (2.997) intra cluster distance was seen in cluster III and minimum (0.000) was observed in VI and V. The maximum inter cluster distance 13.414 was found in between clusters VI and V, followed by 10.279 between clusters I and VI than 10.047 between clusters II and VI. Whereas, minimum inter cluster distance 2.694 between clusters IV and II, followed by 2.890 between clusters III and I and 3.085 between clusters II and I. Cluster I have the maximum number of genotypes (25) followed by cluster II and III have 23 genotypes in each cluster. The minimum numbers of genotypes i.e. one were present in cluster V and VI. The performance of genotypes is evaluated on the basis their performance with respect to best check for that character. Genotypes UD-725, ACr-10 and UD-752, showed best performance for seed yield and its components in 2009-10 and in 2010-11 genotypes ACr-23, UD-601, MKSM-1117 and UD-789 showsed best performance. Based on the average performance of two years UD-787 is best genotype for yield and its components.ThesisItem Open Access Molecular characterization, assessment of genetic variability, character association and divergence in taro (Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott. var. Antiquorum) germplasm(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Kathayat, Khushboo; Kushwaha, M.L.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of zinc sulphate application on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Sati, Kailash; Manoj RaghavThe present investigation entitled “Effect of zinc sulphate application on growth, yield and quality of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)” was carried out to examine the mode of zinc sulphate application on growth, yield and quality of potato. The field experiment was conducted during winter seasons of 2014-15 and 2015-16 at Vegetable Research Centre, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand. The experiment was carried out in randomized block design with three replications. The experiment comprised ten treatments. Two year investigation revealed that the performance of potato crop was significantly influenced by zinc sulphate application. Among all treatments, treatment T7 (zinc sulphate @ 25 kg/ha at the time of planting + RDF) was found best with respect to tuber yield (35.55 and 37.35 t/ha) and also registered maximum benefit: cost ratio (2.18 and 2.28) during both the years, respectively, whereas, treatment T9 (zinc sulphate @ 12.5 kg/ha. at the time of planting and 12.5 kg/ha. at the time of earthing up + RDF) was found best with respect to quality of potato tubers viz., dry matter (22.57 and 22.27 %), starch (18.56 and 19.11 %) and protein (8.20 and 8.45 %) during both the years, respectively. Based on overall performance, it could be concluded that under prevalent climatic conditions of tarai region of Uttarakhand, application of zinc sulphate @ 25 kg/ha at the time of planting along with 160:100:120 kg N:P2O5:K2O/ha can be recommended to get maximum tuber yield and higher net returns from the potato crop, whereas, the application of zinc sulphate @ 12.5 kg/ha at the time of planting and 12.5 kg/ha at the time of earthing-up along with 160:100:120 kg N:P2O5:K2O /ha can be recommended to get maximum quality of potato tubers.