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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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2005 - 200913
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Subject: Plant Physiology × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2005 ×
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Now showing 1 - 9 of 13
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological evaluation of nitrogen use efficiency of different rice varieties
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2007-05) Lohani, Nidhi; Bains, Gurdeep
    Rice not only forms the mainstay of diet but also is the livelihood for a large percent of world’s population. Nitrogen directly affects yield contributing parameters as it is an important constituent of various biomolecules. Rice plant requires nitrogen during vegetative and reproductive growth phases which is made available through soil mineralization and nitrogen fertilizer application. Rice accounts for approx 35 % of worldwide nitrogen used, however nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of rice is respectively between 30-35 % and 25-30%. Increase in nitrogen uptake is highly correlated with the grain yield, hence to meet the world’s ever growing rice demand, appropriate fertilizer management practices are a must. Plant parameters were undertaken with the idea to evaluate nitrogen use efficiency of nine rice varieties HYVs Ajaya, BPT-5204, NDR 359, aromotic varieties Pusa Basmati-1, Tarouri Basmati, Vasumati and hybrid varieties KRH 2, PA 6444, PHB 71 under three nitrogen treatments viz. urea @ 0, 100 and 200kg N/ha.. The morphological and physiological parameters viz plant height, number of leaves, LAI, TDM, LAR and NAR gave maximum values at N-200 and minimum at N-0. RGR gave maximum values at N-100 while RLAGR and HI were found maximum at N-0. SPAD gave maximum value at N-200 (33.73 at Tmax and 33.72 at flowering for HYV BPT-5204) & minimum at N-0 (26.23 at Tmax and 29.93 at flowering for aromatic rice variety Tarouri Basmati). NRA was maximum for hybrid PHB 71 at N-100 & minimum for aromatic rice variety Vasumati at N-0. Grain protein was also recorded maximum at N-100 (for hybrid PHB 71) & minimum at N-0 (for HYV NDR-359). The nitrogen estimated in plant parts at Tmax was recorded maximum at N-200 (3.54 % for hybrid PHB 71) & minimum at N-0 (1.09 % for BPT-5204), however at flowering no specific correlation was found among the nitrogen treatments & percentage nitrogen estimated in plant parts. The residual soil nitrogen before fertilizer application was constant in whole field. After fertilizer application, it increased with increasing amount of nitrogen applied to the field. Most of the yield components like primary and secondary branches per panicle, spikelet per square metre, number of grains per panicle, panicle TDM, grain yield and straw weight increased linearly with nitrogen applied. The number of panicles per square metre were recorded maximum for N-100 (475 for HYV BPT-5204) & minimum for N-0 (237.5 for NDR-359). Overall, the quantitative characters were recorded maximum at N-200 while the qualitative characters were recorded maximum at N-100. Hence, to obtain higher NUE, nitrogen should be applied @ 100 kg/ha. Further, the studies can be exploited in nutrient management in different rice varieties to enhance nitrogen efficiency.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biology of some winter season weeds: germination behaviour and seed bank dynamics
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2005-07) Rawat, Neha; Guru, S.K.
    Biology of weeds include morphology of the plant, seed dormancy and germination, physiology of vegetative and reproductive growth, phenology and competitive ability. In the present study, germination and emergence of five winter season weed species of the tarai region viz., Vicia sativa, Vicia hirsuta, Phalaris minor, Rumex acetosella and Lathyrus aphaca was studied as well as the weed seed bank was estimated in long term herbicide trials and long term tillage trials. Effect of different concentrations of three chemicals, viz., KNO3, H2O2, thiourea and the growth regulator GA3 on germination was evaluated. All the chemicals and the growth regulator GA3 promoted germination of the weed species under study except Rumex acetosella at different concentrations. Emergence of weeds from different soil depths revealed maximum emergence of weed species from D1 depth (2 cm) and minimum from D4 depth (8 cm). A total of three monocot and seven dicot weed species were recorded in long term herbicide trials whereas Phalaris minor was the dominant species. A total of three monocot and seven dicot weed species were recorded in long term tillage trials and two monocot and six dicot weed species were identified in direct seeded rice trials. There were several unidentified species at each depth in all the trials. Depth distribution of weed seeds was uniform in direct seeded rice trials, whereas in the long term tillage trials, higher number of seeds was recorded in D1 depth in conventional tillage.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Plant performance and yield characteristics of mung bean (Vigna radiata L Wilczek) as affected by differential nitrogen application
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Sharma, Ashish; Singh, Munna
    To feed the vegetarian masses of the world including Indian subcontinent and that too without deteriorating their protein composition pulses play immense role. Vigna radiata is one of the most important pulse crop grown in our country, accounting for about 9% of the total pulse production. The production of pulses including mung bean faces a set back because of the adverse climatic conditions prevalent in the major production zones of the country. Nitrogen plays an indispensable role in the production of any crop including pulses. Although pulses are thought to be self sufficient for nitrogen nutrition. The unavailability of nitrogen at the initial stages of growth results in the poor crop stand. To rectify this problem, exogenous application of nitrogenous fertilizer can be done to overcome with this problem to increase the yield and production in our country. Several parameters related to growth and yield of mung bean were studied in the present investigation to evaluate the best nitrogen dose in mung bean cv. Pant Mung-5 to increase its yield. Consequently, plant growth, development (plant height, leaf area, grain yield, etc.) and other associated physiological and biochemical processes were found to be optimal functional incase nitrogen applied as per its normal dose (20 kg/ha). The higher dose i.e., 200 kg/ha also seems to be effective similar to the normal dose of nitrogen. The micronutrients viz., Cu, Mn, Zn and Fe availability was found to be bit improved with the seeds harvested from the plants given exogenous nitrogen fertilizer. Hence, application of nitrogen fertilizer may be recommended to achieve better crop management, improvement and yield eventually.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of delayed sowing and environmental variables on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) development, performance, senescence and yield characteristics
    (Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology;Pantnagar, 2006) Ruchi Chandra; M. Singh
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of high temperature and irradiance causing forced senescence in wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) expression of photosynthetic genes
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), 2005) Srivastava, Nidhi; Singh, Munna
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Elucidating the etiology of mango (mangifera indica L.) malformation physiological and molecular approaches
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), 2006) Gomathi, Anitha K.; Shukla, Alok
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of salinity and low temperature response in Aromatic Indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties
    (Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology;Pantnagar, 2006) Singh, Namita; Shukla, Alok
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Competitive ability and allelopathic potential of rice cultivars against weeds
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2009-04) Singh, Pratibha; Guru, S.K.
    The present study was conducted in the Crop Research Centre and the Deptt. of Plant Physiology, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, with an objective to evaluate the competitive ability and allelopathic potential of five rice cultivars against weeds. The field experiment was conducted during rainy season of 2007 and 2008. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications with weed control methods as main plots and cultivars as subplot treatments. The treatment consisted of weedy, weed free and butachlor. Morphological as well as Physiological growth parameters and total dry matter production were measured at different growth stages. Total phenol content and phenol profiling through HPLC were also done. To study the effect of phenolics and rice tissue extracts on germination of weed seeds were carried out through petridish bioassay as well as hydroponic cultures. Among the different phenolics ferulic acid, vanillic acid and syringic acid and p-hydroxybenzoic acids had maximum inhibitory effects on germination and seedling growth of weed species. The straw and roots of rice cultivars had inhibitory effects on weed seedling growth. Traits that were found to be correlated with competitiveness were vegetative vigour and biomass production at early growth stages whereas physiological growth parameters such as RGR, NAR, RLGR, RLAGR were poorly correlated with competitive ability. Among the five rice cultivars, Pant Dhan 18, Govind and Pusa 44 were competitive than Pant Sugandha Dhan 15 and Pant Sugandha Dhan 17. The phenolic profiling through HPLC exhibited that major phenolics hydroquinone, p-hydroxy benzoic acid, vanillic aicd, syringic and gallic acid were major phenolic acid present in roots which contributes towards allelopathy. Incorporation of rice straw at transplanting or prior to that has been reported to have an controlling effect on the weed population. In a second experiment, incorporation of rice straw at 100-500 gm m-2, 15 days prior to transplanting was found to have significant effect on reducing the weed biomass as well as promoting both growth and yield of four rice cultivars. Four phenolic acids such as gallic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, cinnamic acid and ferulic acid were identified by HPLC in the rice straw which is supposed to have some allelopathic effect.