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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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Subject: Plant Physiology × Author: Lohani, Nidhi × End date: 2008 × Start date: 2005 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological evaluation of nitrogen use efficiency of different rice varieties
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2007-05) Lohani, Nidhi; Bains, Gurdeep
    Rice not only forms the mainstay of diet but also is the livelihood for a large percent of world’s population. Nitrogen directly affects yield contributing parameters as it is an important constituent of various biomolecules. Rice plant requires nitrogen during vegetative and reproductive growth phases which is made available through soil mineralization and nitrogen fertilizer application. Rice accounts for approx 35 % of worldwide nitrogen used, however nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of rice is respectively between 30-35 % and 25-30%. Increase in nitrogen uptake is highly correlated with the grain yield, hence to meet the world’s ever growing rice demand, appropriate fertilizer management practices are a must. Plant parameters were undertaken with the idea to evaluate nitrogen use efficiency of nine rice varieties HYVs Ajaya, BPT-5204, NDR 359, aromotic varieties Pusa Basmati-1, Tarouri Basmati, Vasumati and hybrid varieties KRH 2, PA 6444, PHB 71 under three nitrogen treatments viz. urea @ 0, 100 and 200kg N/ha.. The morphological and physiological parameters viz plant height, number of leaves, LAI, TDM, LAR and NAR gave maximum values at N-200 and minimum at N-0. RGR gave maximum values at N-100 while RLAGR and HI were found maximum at N-0. SPAD gave maximum value at N-200 (33.73 at Tmax and 33.72 at flowering for HYV BPT-5204) & minimum at N-0 (26.23 at Tmax and 29.93 at flowering for aromatic rice variety Tarouri Basmati). NRA was maximum for hybrid PHB 71 at N-100 & minimum for aromatic rice variety Vasumati at N-0. Grain protein was also recorded maximum at N-100 (for hybrid PHB 71) & minimum at N-0 (for HYV NDR-359). The nitrogen estimated in plant parts at Tmax was recorded maximum at N-200 (3.54 % for hybrid PHB 71) & minimum at N-0 (1.09 % for BPT-5204), however at flowering no specific correlation was found among the nitrogen treatments & percentage nitrogen estimated in plant parts. The residual soil nitrogen before fertilizer application was constant in whole field. After fertilizer application, it increased with increasing amount of nitrogen applied to the field. Most of the yield components like primary and secondary branches per panicle, spikelet per square metre, number of grains per panicle, panicle TDM, grain yield and straw weight increased linearly with nitrogen applied. The number of panicles per square metre were recorded maximum for N-100 (475 for HYV BPT-5204) & minimum for N-0 (237.5 for NDR-359). Overall, the quantitative characters were recorded maximum at N-200 while the qualitative characters were recorded maximum at N-100. Hence, to obtain higher NUE, nitrogen should be applied @ 100 kg/ha. Further, the studies can be exploited in nutrient management in different rice varieties to enhance nitrogen efficiency.