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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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Subject: Plant Pathology × Author: Chandana, R. × End date: 2024 × Start date: 2022 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on the efficacy of Urtica dioica L. for the ecofriendly management of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood 1949 in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2022-06) Chandana, R.; Rawat, Shilpi
    Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is one amongst the important vegetables grown in India but its production is hindered both by abiotic and biotic factors, of which 50 percent of potential crop losses are caused by pests, in which 12.3 percent is estimated to be caused by nematodes. Among all the plantparasitic nematodes, Meloidogyne spp. are the most important and M. incognita alone constitutes twothird of the root-knot nematodes in tropical countries. The practices of controlling plant-parasitic nematodes have mainly depended on chemical nematicides, which are considered harmful to human and environment and this has resulted in prohibiting most of them and regulating the others. Therefore, there is an urgent need to investigate alternative strategies of managing root-knot nematodes. Urtica dioica L., the perennial stinging nettle is a well-known plant of rich biodiversity in North India and it grows throughout the hilly areas of Uttarakhand as an invasive weed. As U. dioica is available in abundance in cooler areas of Uttarakhand, it can be exploited for managing root knot nematode problems. Therefore, the present study was conducted by keeping U. dioica as a focal point to study its efficacy in managing root knot nematode. After the precise identification of Meloidogyne species based on morphological and morphometrical studies, management studies were investigated on M. incognita. Aqueous extracts of leaves and roots were evaluated in vitro against mortality and egg hatching of M. incognita and ALE at 5 percent concentration showed maximum mortality of 100% at 24 hours and minimum egg hatching (0) at 12 hours. On the other hand, ARE at 1 percent concentration showed maximum mortality of 100% at 6 hours and minimum egg hatching (0) at 24 hours. ALE was also evaluated under glasshouse conditions which showed significant effect in managing the RKN over the control. The treatment in which 15 percent ALE was drenched twice was considered the best treatment as it has resulted in highest increase in growth parameters of plant and highest decrease in reproduction parameters of nematodes. An edible fungus, P. florida under in vitro conditions paralysed, trapped and digested second stage juveniles of M. incognita and hence showed predatory action against nematodes. The cultural filtrate of the fungus paralyzed second stage juveniles at different dilutions and the maximum paralysis was at 1× dilution at 24 hours incubation period. The green manure of U. dioica when combined and used with SMS of P. florida resulted in significant decrease in nematode population. In the similar manner, when the ALE of U. dioica was used in combination with LAB, resulted in distinctive reduction in nematode population. Nowadays, addressing burning issues in plant pathology in an eco-friendly manner has become more or less obligatory and hence, the present study provides more scope for research on the weed U. dioica, which is available in plenitude throughout the hilly areas of Uttarakhand, which can become botanical of importance in solving nematode problems on important agricultural crops in the future.