Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 96

Open Access
Genetic assessment of yield and quality traits in aromatic rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2012-06) Naseer Mohammad; Singh, Surendra
The present investigation was conducted during Kharif, 2010 at Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Centre, Pantnagar with the following objectives: (i) to work out the combining ability of parents and their all possible crosses for grain yield and quality characters, (ii) to elucidate the nature of gene action, (iii) to determine the extent of heterosis, heritability and genetic advance and (iv) to study the association between yield and its components as well as to ascertain direct and indirect effects of component characters on seed yield. The experimental material comprised of eight aromatic cultivars, 28 F1’s generated following a half diallel mating design and two checks, Pusa basmati-1 and Basmati-370. Observations were recorded on 23 (10 field and 13 quality) characters. Analysis of variance revealed that these genotypes differed significantly for all the characters except for panicle length indicating the presence of ample amount of variability among genotypes. High heritability estimates coupled with high genetic advance was observed for number of kernels per panicle, seed yield /plant, percent harvest index, cooked kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, elongation ratio, biological yield per plant and per cent head rice recovery. Considerable heterosis over the mid parent, better parent and both the checks was observed with respect to all the characters under study. The nature and magnitude of heterosis revealed that high heterosis for grain yield was mostly accompanied by heterosis for major yield contributing traits. It is evident that crosses exhibiting high extent of heterosis posses high sca estimate. This indicated that manifestation of heterosis depend upon sca estimates. Combining ability analysis revealed that the gca and sca variances were significant for most of the characters under study indicating importance of both additive and non-additive genetic variances. The magnitude of SCA variance (σ2S) was greater than GCA variance (σ2g) for most of the characters suggesting preponderance of non-additive gene actions and revealed suitability of material for hybrid breeding. The GCA effects of the parents indicated that the parent, Pant sugandh Dhan-17 to be the best general combiner with 11 characters in desired direction followed by Sugandhmati with 10 characters. The top three specific combiners for seed yield per plant were Pant Sugandh Dhan-15 x Pant sugandh Dhan-17, Sugandhmati x Pant sugandh Dhan-17 and Pusa Sugandh-4 x Pusa Sugandh-6. Seed yield per plant showed positive and highly significant correlation with harvest index, number of spikelets per panicle, biological yield per plant, flag leaf length, number of effective tillers per plant, days to 50% flowering, plant height and panicle length. Harvest index (%) was the most important direct contributor towards seed yield per plant followed by biological yield per plant, days to 50% flowering, 1000-grain weight, panicle length and number of spikelets per panicle. Therefore these characters can strategically be used as selection criteria in yield improvement programme of aromatic rice.
Open Access
Combining ability, heterosis and genotype × environment interaction in tropical maize (Zea mays L.) under heat stress and optimal environments
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2012-07) Pooja Devi; Verma, Sitar Singh
The present genetic study examined the tolerance of 9 tropical maize inbred lines under varying high temperature regimes to understand the genetic control of grain yield and various secondary traits associated with high temperature tolerance. Thirty-six crosses generated through half diallel mating among 9 inbred parents were evaluated along with 4 checks in 8 environments under optimal and heat stress conditions during Rabi 2010, Spring 2011 and Kharif 2011. The main objectives of the investigation were to (i) identify the gene action involved in the inheritance of grain yield and other secondary traits (ii) estimate the general and specific combining abilities, (iii) quantify the magnitude of heterosis for grain yield (iv) identify secondary traits associated with grain yield under heat stress (v) study genotype × environment interaction patterns and identify stable hybrids under optimal and heat stress environments. GGE biplot was used to divide the eight optimal and heat stress environments into three environmental groups based on the relationship between the testing environments and the best winning hybrids shared by the environments. These groups were: Group A (optimal), comprised environments HYDWWK, SAB, PNT; Group B (extreme heat stress), comprised HYDHS environment and Group C (moderate heat stress), comprised HYDWWR, KAR, LUD, ALB environments. This grouping was in accordance with the trial management and prevalent heat stress in these environments. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed significant entry mean squares for most of the traits in each environmental group. Significant GCA and SCA mean squares were observed for most of the traits under extreme and moderate heat stress conditions, while SCA mean squares were non-significant for most of the traits under optimal condition. Additive genetic effects appeared to be more important for grain yield under optimal conditions, but both additive and non-additive genetic effects were more important under extreme and moderate heat stress conditions in this set of inbred lines. Inbred lines, L8 and L9 had consistently positive GCA effects for grain yield across optimal, extreme heat stress and moderate heat stress environments. These lines were also good combiners for anthesis-silking interval, tassel blast and leaf firing under both heat stress conditions. Specific combination (L8/L9) did not give a high SCA effects for grain yield, although the parents had high GCA effects. This implies that L8 and L9 have similar heterotic pattern. Therefore, a cycle of recurrent selection of this biparental cross would be helpful in accumulating favorable alleles before it is used as an inbred source population. GGE biplot results for GCA effects were in accordance with Griffing’s combining ability analysis. Biplot also identified crosses, L1/L8, L1/L9, L2/L8 and L4/L8 under optimal condition; L7/L9, L2/L9, L4/L7, L6/L7 and L1/L6 under extreme heat stress condition; and L2/L7, L2/L8 and L5/L6 under moderate heat stress condition as best mating partners for grain yield. On the basis of both high mean performance and high stability, stable hybrids were identified across each environmental condition. Anthesis-silking interval (ASI) can be used as an important secondary trait under extreme heat stress condition as it was under the control of additive gene action, had high repeatability and was negatively correlated with grain yield. Higher value of mid-parent and better-parent heterosis for grain yield was observed under both heat stress condition in comparison to optimal condition. Magnitude of heterosis for grain yield was higher under extreme and moderate heat stress environments in comparison to optimal environments due to the poor per se performance of inbred lines under these conditions. Therefore, development of high yielding and heat tolerant inbred lines was suggested to further improve the hybrid performance.
Open Access
Genetics of yield and quality characters in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Anil Kumar; Mani, S.C.
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), the second most important crop after wheat, is staple food for nearly 60 per cent of world population and contributes over 20 per cent of total calorie intake of human population. More than 90 per cent of rice is grown in the developing countries of Asia, where the problem of food supplies are acute. Globally, it is cultivated in about 146 million hectares, which produce 520 million tonnes of rough rice annually. In India, rice is grown in an area of 44.0 million hectares with a production of about 91.05 million tonnes and a productivity of 3.1 tonnes per hectare. Genetic improvement in rice has contributed significantly to food security in Asia during the last three decades, but to meet the growing demand of ever-increasing population, it is necessary to produce new rice varieties combining higher yield potential with excellent quality. The present investigation was conducted during Kharif, 2004 to Kharif, 2006 at the Crop Research Centre of G.B.P.U.A.T., Pantnagar. The main objectives of this study were (1) To apply simple and joint scaling tests for the detection of non-allelic interaction (2) To study the simple additive ±dominance and digenic models for the estimation of genetic components of variation (3) To study the gene action for grain yield, its components and certain quality traits in basmati rice (4) To estimate the extent of heterosis and inbreeding depression. Genetic analysis to grain yield ,its components and certain quality traits were based on 7 intraspecfic crosses (UPRI 2003-13 × Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105 × Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, UPR 2879-98-105 × Type 3, UPRI 2003-18 × UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19 × UPR 2879-98-105, UPR 2879-98-105 × Taraori Basmat, and UPRI 2003-13 × Type 3) involving 8 parents( UPRI 2003-13, Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105, Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, Type-3, UPRI 2003-18, UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19)and their F1¶s, F2¶s and backcross progenies. Six generations (P1, P 2, F 1¶s, F2¶s, BC1P1¶s and BC1P2¶s) of same 7 crosses, mentioned above, were evaluated by generation mean analysis in a Compact Family Block Design in three replications. Observations were recoded on days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content . Additive (d) component was found to be important for day to 50% flowering, plant height, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, gel consistency and amylose content. Dominance gene effect (h) played an important role in governing the inheritance of days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content. Both additive and dominance effects contributed significantly in the expression of day to 50% flowering, plant height number of grains per panicle, panicle length and 1000- grain weight. Among the digenic interactions, additive x additive (i) was found most important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length , grain yield per plant, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content The dominance x dominance component (l) was relatively more important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency , whereas additive x dominance (j) gene effect played important role in the expression of days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency. Duplicate epistasis was observed in almost all the crosses for various quantitative and qualitative characters. Most of the crosses exhibited maximum heterosis for grain yield, 1000-grain weight; numbers of grains/panicle, panicle length, number of effective tillers/plant and plant height.
Open Access
Studies On Genetic Divergence, Combining Ability And Heterosis Involving Elite Thermosensitive Genic Male Sterile Lines In Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
(Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology;Pantnagar, 2002) Shukla, Shailesh K.; Pandey, M.P.
Open Access
Rapd Of Parental Wheat Genotypes, Post-Fertilization Studies And In Vitro Culture Of Embryos Derived From Wheat X Maize Crosses
(Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology;Pantnagar, 2004) Sirohi, Mukta; Khanna, V.K.
Open Access
Genetic analysis of wide-compatibility trait in rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 2001) Gupta, Shalani; Pandey, M.P.
Open Access
Cytogenetic and molecular characterization of sterility mutants induced in IR64 cultivar of rice (Oryza sativa L.)
(Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology;Pantnagar, 2005) Chandel, Amaresh; Mani, S C
Open Access
Inheritance of resistance to rust [Uromyces viciae fabae (Pers.) De Barry] in peas (Pisum sativum L.)
(G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar (Uttarakhand), 2000) Chawdam Chetan; Singh, D.P.
Open Access
Studies On Heterosis For Yield And Quality Characters In Crosses Involving Cms System In Basmati Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)
(Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology;Pantnagar, 2004) Haushila Prasad; Mani, S C

Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

Browse

Thesis Type

Type

Author

Date

Subject

Search Results