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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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Subject: Genetics and Plant Breeding × Author: Anil Kumar × End date: 2008 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetics of yield and quality characters in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Anil Kumar; Mani, S.C.
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.), the second most important crop after wheat, is staple food for nearly 60 per cent of world population and contributes over 20 per cent of total calorie intake of human population. More than 90 per cent of rice is grown in the developing countries of Asia, where the problem of food supplies are acute. Globally, it is cultivated in about 146 million hectares, which produce 520 million tonnes of rough rice annually. In India, rice is grown in an area of 44.0 million hectares with a production of about 91.05 million tonnes and a productivity of 3.1 tonnes per hectare. Genetic improvement in rice has contributed significantly to food security in Asia during the last three decades, but to meet the growing demand of ever-increasing population, it is necessary to produce new rice varieties combining higher yield potential with excellent quality. The present investigation was conducted during Kharif, 2004 to Kharif, 2006 at the Crop Research Centre of G.B.P.U.A.T., Pantnagar. The main objectives of this study were (1) To apply simple and joint scaling tests for the detection of non-allelic interaction (2) To study the simple additive ±dominance and digenic models for the estimation of genetic components of variation (3) To study the gene action for grain yield, its components and certain quality traits in basmati rice (4) To estimate the extent of heterosis and inbreeding depression. Genetic analysis to grain yield ,its components and certain quality traits were based on 7 intraspecfic crosses (UPRI 2003-13 × Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105 × Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, UPR 2879-98-105 × Type 3, UPRI 2003-18 × UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19 × UPR 2879-98-105, UPR 2879-98-105 × Taraori Basmat, and UPRI 2003-13 × Type 3) involving 8 parents( UPRI 2003-13, Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105, Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, Type-3, UPRI 2003-18, UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19)and their F1¶s, F2¶s and backcross progenies. Six generations (P1, P 2, F 1¶s, F2¶s, BC1P1¶s and BC1P2¶s) of same 7 crosses, mentioned above, were evaluated by generation mean analysis in a Compact Family Block Design in three replications. Observations were recoded on days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content . Additive (d) component was found to be important for day to 50% flowering, plant height, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, gel consistency and amylose content. Dominance gene effect (h) played an important role in governing the inheritance of days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content. Both additive and dominance effects contributed significantly in the expression of day to 50% flowering, plant height number of grains per panicle, panicle length and 1000- grain weight. Among the digenic interactions, additive x additive (i) was found most important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length , grain yield per plant, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content The dominance x dominance component (l) was relatively more important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency , whereas additive x dominance (j) gene effect played important role in the expression of days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency. Duplicate epistasis was observed in almost all the crosses for various quantitative and qualitative characters. Most of the crosses exhibited maximum heterosis for grain yield, 1000-grain weight; numbers of grains/panicle, panicle length, number of effective tillers/plant and plant height.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Genetics of yield and quality characters in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2008-06) Anil Kumar; Mani, S.C.
    Rice (Oryza sativa L.), the second most important crop after wheat, is staple food for nearly 60 per cent of world population and contributes over 20 per cent of total calorie intake of human population. More than 90 per cent of rice is grown in the developing countries of Asia, where the problem of food supplies are acute. Globally, it is cultivated in about 146 million hectares, which produce 520 million tonnes of rough rice annually. In India, rice is grown in an area of 44.0 million hectares with a production of about 91.05 million tonnes and a productivity of 3.1 tonnes per hectare. Genetic improvement in rice has contributed significantly to food security in Asia during the last three decades, but to meet the growing demand of ever-increasing population, it is necessary to produce new rice varieties combining higher yield potential with excellent quality. The present investigation was conducted during Kharif, 2004 to Kharif, 2006 at the Crop Research Centre of G.B.P.U.A.T., Pantnagar. The main objectives of this study were (1) To apply simple and joint scaling tests for the detection of non-allelic interaction (2) To study the simple additive –dominance and digenic models for the estimation of genetic components of variation (3) To study the gene action for grain yield, its components and certain quality traits in basmati rice (4) To estimate the extent of heterosis and inbreeding depression. Genetic analysis to grain yield ,its components and certain quality traits were based on 7 intraspecfic crosses (UPRI 2003-13 × Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105 × Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, UPR 2879-98-105 × Type 3, UPRI 2003-18 × UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19 × UPR 2879-98-105, UPR 2879-98-105 × Taraori Basmat, and UPRI 2003-13 × Type 3) involving 8 parents( UPRI 2003-13, Taraori Basmati, UPR 2879-98-105, Pusa 1121-92-8-1-3-3, Type-3, UPRI 2003-18, UPRI 93-104, UPRI 2003-19)and their F1’s, F2’s and backcross progenies. Six generations (P1, P2, F1’s, F2’s, BC1P1’s and BC1P2’s) of same 7 crosses, mentioned above, were evaluated by generation mean analysis in a Compact Family Block Design in three replications. Observations were recoded on days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000-grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel breadth, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content . Additive (d) component was found to be important for day to 50% flowering, plant height, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, gel consistency and amylose content. Dominance gene effect (h) played an important role in governing the inheritance of days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content. Both additive and dominance effects contributed significantly in the expression of day to 50% flowering, plant height number of grains per panicle, panicle length and 1000- grain weight. Among the digenic interactions, additive x additive (i) was found most important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, panicle length , grain yield per plant, kernel length and kernel L/B ratio, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, gel consistency and amylose content The dominance x dominance component (l) was relatively more important for days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant number of grains per panicle, kernel length, kernel L/B ratio, cooked kernel length, cooked kernel breadth, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency , whereas additive x dominance (j) gene effect played important role in the expression of days to 50% of flowering, plant height, number of effective tillers per plant, number of grains per panicle, panicle length, 1000- grain weight, grain yield per plant, kernel elongation ratio, alkali digestion value, and gel consistency. Duplicate epistasis was observed in almost all the crosses for various quantitative and qualitative characters. Most of the crosses exhibited maximum heterosis for grain yield, 1000-grain weight; numbers of grains/panicle, panicle length, number of effective tillers/plant and plant height.