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Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

After independence, development of the rural sector was considered the primary concern of the Government of India. In 1949, with the appointment of the Radhakrishnan University Education Commission, imparting of agricultural education through the setting up of rural universities became the focal point. Later, in 1954 an Indo-American team led by Dr. K.R. Damle, the Vice-President of ICAR, was constituted that arrived at the idea of establishing a Rural University on the land-grant pattern of USA. As a consequence a contract between the Government of India, the Technical Cooperation Mission and some land-grant universities of USA, was signed to promote agricultural education in the country. The US universities included the universities of Tennessee, the Ohio State University, the Kansas State University, The University of Illinois, the Pennsylvania State University and the University of Missouri. The task of assisting Uttar Pradesh in establishing an agricultural university was assigned to the University of Illinois which signed a contract in 1959 to establish an agricultural University in the State. Dean, H.W. Hannah, of the University of Illinois prepared a blueprint for a Rural University to be set up at the Tarai State Farm in the district Nainital, UP. In the initial stage the University of Illinois also offered the services of its scientists and teachers. Thus, in 1960, the first agricultural university of India, UP Agricultural University, came into being by an Act of legislation, UP Act XI-V of 1958. The Act was later amended under UP Universities Re-enactment and Amendment Act 1972 and the University was rechristened as Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology keeping in view the contributions of Pt. Govind Ballabh Pant, the then Chief Minister of UP. The University was dedicated to the Nation by the first Prime Minister of India Pt Jawaharlal Nehru on 17 November 1960. The G.B. Pant University is a symbol of successful partnership between India and the United States. The establishment of this university brought about a revolution in agricultural education, research and extension. It paved the way for setting up of 31 other agricultural universities in the country.

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2016 - 201932020 - 20213
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Subject: Electronics and Communication Engineering × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Analysis and design of substrate integrated waveguide based leaky wave antennas and compact self-quadruplexing antenna
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-11) Singh, Abhay Kumar; Paras
    The presented work includes different Substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) based leaky-wave antenna (LWA) for beam steering applications. Phased-array antennas, which offer beam steering capabilities by tuning the phases of individual radiating elements, are most commonly used in beam steering applications. However, the tunable phase shifters utilized are limited by the continuity of the phase shift. In contrast, frequency beam steering offers a more economical and convenient solution for a number of applications. This thesis focuses on the solutions of the problems like Open Stop Band (OSB) and beam scanning coverage area. The OSB problem is solved using the impedance matching and lumped modeling technique. In the first contribution, beam steering is defined, and enhanced technology based on a dispersive element is proposed. The dispersive element is used to engineer the slope of the dispersion curve of the unit cell in LWA. Though having a flat response in its dispersion curve, the beam steering coverage is enhanced. The proposed LWA has the capability to cover the entire range 360° of E-plane. In the second contribution, improved impedance balanced condition based on the distributed transmission line model is derived in periodic LWA based on EH2-mode are designed. The EH2-mode LWA has beam steering capabilities from backward to forward quadrants in a quasi-E plane. In the third contribution, two-dimensional beam steering is achieved by incorporating the LWA with the R-KR lens beamforming. By changing the ports of the R-KR lens, antenna beam scans in the E-plane, while by changing the operating frequencies beam scan in the Hplane has been achieved. In the fourth contribution, a SIW-based self-quadruplexing antenna is proposed. This design eliminates the need for employing external circuitry in quadruplexes design. The fabricated prototype responses closely matched theoretical predictions, verifying the proposed concept.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Design and implementation of high performance hybrid full adders using XOR-XNOR in 90nm CMOS technology
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2020-12) Kandpal, Jyoti; Tomar, Abhishek
    The demand for high computational power of processor and dependency on portable application is constantly growing day by day. In the processor thirty percent of power is consumed by the data path. Arithmetic unit is a critical component of this data path. In arithmetic unit, adder plays a vital role not only for addition but also in multiplier, comparator, error detection and correction etc. Many techniques and topologies have been proposed by various authors in the quest of improved performance of adder in terms of power consumption, lesser propagation delay, full voltage swing at the internal and external nodes, and a smaller number of internal nodes. Hybrid logic style is used for implementing the full adder circuit in this thesis. In the hybrid logic style, appropriate logic style is chosen to realize the different modules of the full adder. In this work, at first a XOR-XNOR module is implemented using the complementary pass transistor logic (CPL) and restorer circuit with 10 number of transistors. Furthermore, using this proposed XOR-XNOR design four new full adders are implemented. The proposed work is simulated using the cadence software tool. The proposed XOR-XNOR design showed 7.5% improvement in the power delay product (PDP). The proposed full adder design showed 2 to 28.13 % improvement in PDP. Inaddition proposed full adder circuits are compared with different reviewed designs in varying supply voltage, process corner and loading conditions. Among the proposed four full adder designs, Design-4 showed best performance. The results of the virtual fabrication of the proposed XOR-XNOR design and Design-4 of full adder circuit are presented and discussed in the present work. The proposed full adder is appropriate for usage in different everyday used electronic applications, for example, in memory and processor-based devices.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Behavioral modeling & analysis of digital predistorter for Hpa using neural committee machine
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2021-03) Bhatt, Manoj; Mathur, Sanjay
    For efficient use of HPA, HPA should be operated in high-power region near saturation, which severely distorts the information signal. Due to non-linearity, there always exists an elemental tradeoff between the linearity and the efficacy of the HPA. These nonlinear distortions become more vulnerable when communication system demands high data rate transmission, achieved using bandwidth-efficient modulation techniques, for instance, QAM or multicarrier signals in OFDM having large envelope fluctuation with high PAPR. For improving the linearity-efficiency trade-off along with spectral efficiency, an efficient DPD technique must be required. The distortion effects of PA are more critical in the presence of other transmitter impairments i.e. I/Q imbalance and DC offset which further degrade the performance of communication systems. Since conventional DPD does not mitigate these effects in a single step, hence in this work an attempt to formulate a single step solution to solve this problem is made. In this thesis, the NN committee machine i.e. MoE is studied to implement behavioral modeling, predistorter, and DPD for linearizing the DUT. Firstly, MoE is used to implement the behavioral model of the memoryless Saleh model and then DPD characterization is performed for it, and the simulation results present that MoE performs both the tasks in an efficient manner. Then, MoE is used to perform behavioral modeling of dynamic PAs/transmitters in the presence of other transmitter impairments and is also used to implement predistorter for it. Simulated results show that MoE very closely follows the characteristic of dynamic PAs/transmitter and its inverse characteristic in the presence of other transmitter impairments. After that augmented method and kernel method are incorporated with MoE for enhancing the performance of solo MoE. The simulated results for that show the improved performance with respect to its solo performance. At last, measurement is conducted for validation of digital predistortion and the obtained results show that spectral regrowth in the adjacent band in the system is substantially reduced with respect to no DPD case.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Channel prediction in cognitive radio network using hierarchical neural system for throughput maximization
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2019-09) Goyal, Neetu; Mathur, Sanjay
    Wireless Communication has shown exponential upsurge in demand of wireless devices. Due to ever increasing demand of wireless communication, there is spectrum scarcity which is caused by a fixed spectrum allocation policy. Studies on usage pattern reveal that most of the allocated spectrum experiences low utilization under fixed spectrum allocation regime and spectrum occupancy varies from milliseconds to hours. This motivated the concept of frequency reuse that would allow secondary networks to borrow unused radio spectrum from primary licensed networks (users). The core technology behind frequency reuse is Cognitive Radio for which one of the essential components is channel sensing, i.e., the wireless devices can sense the radio spectrum environment within their operating range to detect frequency bands that are not occupied by primary users. This thesis presents a study on maximizing the throughput for secondary user by predicting the primary free channel in advance to save time in sensing and maximizing transmission time in a frame. The study involves exhaustive exploration of various classifiers for predictive decision making and later development of hierarchal neural network model for predicting best possible channel for transmission in following frame. It starts with performance analysis of spectrum sensing techniques, energy detector and matched filter are discussed with simulation results. On the basis of these results, energy detector is found best technique which is further analysed in fading scenario and with mobile SU. There exists a sensing-throughput trade off, hence proposed model focuses on parallel processing for predicting the next channel while primary user continues to transmit in current frame. The model considers three type of radio channel condition scenario namely, constant fading, cyclostationary fading and fast fading. The performance of the system is found to be closer to upper bound for best channel throughput and results are discussed in comparison to lower bound statistics.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    A novel compact wide band notched slot antenna with enhanced bandwidth for wireless applications
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-08) Saxena, Ankur; Gangwar, R.P.S.
    In recent years, there has been a substantial amount of research in the ultra wide band technology for innovation in wireless applications. The electronic gadgets enabled with this technology may be enforced in wearable/handy products. Such type of specific applications excites the challenges to researchers and industries to make this technology different from other conventional antennas of limited bandwidth. Compact size and volume are critical constraints for wearable and portable device applications. A reliable performance for the entire bandwidth along with radiation pattern is required for high data rate applications. Therefore, it has become necessary to develop an antenna with compact size, enhanced bandwidth and notched characteristics. In view of the above, an attempt has been made to develop a novel compact wide band notched slot antenna with enhanced bandwidth for wireless applications. In this dissertation, ultra wide band antennas with an objective to reduce antenna size with increased bandwidth are studied. Further, to minimize the interference problem, the implementable band notching techniques are explored. Initially, UWB antenna is developed using FR-4 substrate of thickness 1.6 mm. A modified rectangular patch in a rectangular slot in ground plane is designed to achieve large bandwidth. Two symmetrical semi-circular slots are implemented to enhance the impedance matching from 15 GHz and above frequency range. A T-stub inside an elliptical slot within the patch is created to achieve band-notching characteristics. The proposed design is simulated using HFSS. The design is fabricated and measured. The simulated and measured results in terms of reflection coefficient, radiation pattern and peak gain is compared. The novelty of this research work is the development of compact antenna with overall dimensions of 14x14 mm2 and antenna bandwidth of 161%. The size and bandwidth are compared with previously designed antennas.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Metaheuristic approaches for adaptive array signal processing in smart antenna
    (G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar - 263145 (Uttarakhand), 2016-07) Sharma, Abhinav; Mathur, Sanjay