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Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad

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2022 - 20233
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Subject: Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension Education × Start date: 2020 × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ANTIMICROBIAL USE AND PRESCRIBING BEHAVIOUR OF VETERINARIANS IN LARGE ANIMAL PRACTICE IN KERALA
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, 2023-02-23) G.VIJAYAKUMAR; Dr. P. Reeja George
    A mixed method research design was used to investigate the perception of veterinarians engaged in large animal practice about antimicrobial use and resistance as well as their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antimicrobial resistance and stewardship. Four focus group discussions were conducted in four districts of Kerala, each with five veterinarians engaged in large animal practice, as part of the qualitative part of the study. Themes emerging from these discussions were used for questionnaire development for the quantitative part of the study. The structured, pre tested questionnaire was sent by Google form linksto 1580 veterinarians working in Animal Husbandry Department, Kerala. A total of 336 responses were obtained and these formed the sample for the study. Majority of the respondents were middle aged (55.1 per cent), male (55.1 per cent), married(94.6 per cent), undergraduate (45.2 per cent), veterinary surgeons (78.6 per cent), working in veterinary dispensaries (63.4 per cent) situated in panchayat localities (74.7 per cent). Most of the respondents had between 11 and 22 years of total work experience (39.28 per cent), had not attended any training on antimicrobial use and resistance (66.7 per cent) and had not participated in any antimicrobial stewardship programmes (93.2 per cent). It was also evident that 47.02 per cent of the veterinarians had medium level of confidence with regard to appropriate antimicrobial prescribing and 71.4 per cent had a low level of general awareness about antimicrobial resistance and stewardship. Clinical signs and prior experience were the major clinical and non-clinical factors that influenced the prescribing decision of veterinarians on whether to prescribe an antimicrobial or not. Spectrum of activity of the drug and clinical signs were the major pharmacological and non￾pharmacological factors that influenced the prescribing decision of veterinarians to choose a particular antimicrobial. Entrofloxacin, oxytetracycline and ceftriaxone were the antibiotics frequently used by the veterinarians in large animal practice. The results of the study also indicated that 47.61 per cent of the veterinarians had a medium level of perception about antimicrobial use and resistance; 47.32 per cent had a medium level of knowledge and 34.82 per cent had a moderately favourableattitude towards antimicrobial resistance and stewardship. It was also observed that 40.18 per cent of the veterinarians had a high level of adherence to optimum antimicrobial stewardship practices. Pressure or demand from clients, lack of access to antibiotic sensitivity testing laboratory facilities and insufficient fund allotment for drug purchase were the major barriers to optimum prescribing perceived by veterinarians. Establishing more antibiotic sensitivity testing laboratory facilities and providing sufficient veterinary manpower in the field were the major interventions suggested by the respondents to optimise prescribing practices.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    LIVELIHOOD SECURITY OF DAIRY FARMERS AFFECTED BY KERALA FLOOD 2018
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, 2022-06-15) L.ARUN; Dr. R. Senthilkumar
    An ex post facto research was conducted in Kerala to assess the livelihood security of dairy farmers affected by Kerala flood 2018. Based on secondary data, 180 flood affected dairy farmers from three districts namely, Thrissur, Idukki and Ernakulam were randomly selected as respondents. For qualitative studies, 24 respondents were selected by employing purposive sampling. The data were collected through personal interview method using a structured pretested interview schedule. Analyses of socio economic characters of the flood affected dairy farmers revealed that majority were old and were males, practiced agriculture as their main occupation and dairying as their secondary occupation. Majority were educated up to secondary school level, had medium sized family, owned less than 100 cents of agricultural land, medium sized herd, had more than ten years of dairying experience, earned low income from dairying and medium annual gross income. Majority of flood affected dairy farmers used television and newspaper in mass media and contacted veterinary surgeons in interpersonal source. More than half of the farmers were not exposed to training.Majority of the respondents possessed medium knowledge on disaster management. Just more than half of respondents had favourable attitude towards disaster management system. The livelihood security of flood-affected dairy farmers was determined to be moderate. Human and social capitals scored good while financial and physical capitals scored moderate and the natural capital scored poorly. Lack of institutional support during flood disaster, meagre compensation, poor maintenance of drainage structures, non availability of credible weather information and shortage of feed during flooding were major constraints faced. The respondents possessed higher level of adoption of flood coping mechanisms. The major constraint faced by the leaders of panchayat, was the inability of state and central governments to provide a holistic strategy for rescue and rehabilitation. The activities of NGO in disaster management were impaired by lack of clear laws and policies. The officials were plagued by lack of communication and training. Higher educational institutions were involved in providing material and technical assistance services to flood disaster victims.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INSTITUTIONALISED LIVESTOCK SERVICE DELIVERY SYSTEM IN KERALA
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, 2022-02-10) SHREYANSH HOSURE; T. S. Rajeev
    The present study was undertaken to analyse the effectiveness of livestock services delivered by the institutions based on their mandates, to assess the core competency of the veterinary professionals in delivering livestock extension services and to identify the constraints perceived by them in livestock service delivery. An ex post-facto research design was adopted for the study. A total of 160 veterinary professionals were taken for the study. Out of them 12 veterinarians from DVC, 20 veterinarians from VPC, 103 veterinarians from VH & VD, 15 veterinarians from SRCMPU and 10 veterinarians from KVK were selected using stratified proportionate random sampling method. The result found that majority of the veterinarians working under SAHD perceived curative services (63.70%), production services (58.51%), preventive services (42.22%), diagnostic services (46.66%), extension services (54.07%) and miscellaneous services (56.29%) as average services provided by them. With respect to SRCMPU majority of the veterinarians perceived curative services (60.00%), production services (53.34%), preventive services (53.34%), extension services (60.00%) and miscellaneous services (60.00%) as average services provided by them. About KVK, majority of the veterinarians perceived on farm trails (50.00%), front line demonstrations (60.00%), capacity development activities (50.00%), data documentation (40.00%), training programme (50.00%) and extension activities (50.00%) as average services provided by them. Further, majority of the veterinarians rated livestock extension core competencies as important in their routine work and they had medium level of knowledge about these competencies. With respect to farmers perception towards livestock service delivered by SAHD, SRCMPU and KVK, majority of them perceived livestock service as average service provided by these institutions and most of them were not satisfied with these services. In the light of findings from the study, it is concluded that there is a lot of scope for improvement of livestock services in the state through suitable policy interventions.