Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad

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AUTOLOGOUS PLATELET RICH PLASMA FOR TREATMENT OF SOLE LESIONS AND EXPRESSION PROFILE OF ASSOCIATED BIOMARKERS IN DAIRY CATTLE
(COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNVERSITY, 2022-05-12) LAIJU M. PHILIP; Dr. K. D. John Martin
A prevalence of clinical lameness of 26.31 per cent was obtained on screening a herd of 114 lactating cows using claw health indicators and infrared thermography during July 2020 and June 2021. Eighteen clinically lame cowsmaintained under identical management conditions with sole ulcer or whiteline disease in one of the hind lateral claws were selected and randomly assigned to treatment into three groups. A positively controlled, randomised clinical trial was conducted for the evaluation of healing of sole lesions with the therapeuticapplication of platelet rich plasma in two different protocols in two groups, against the conventional treatment methods in another group. Autologous PRP was prepared by a modified double centrifugation syringe method in the former two groups of animals, assessed the quality and standardised to 1× 109 platelets/ mL for therapeutic application. Sole lesions in all the animals were treated by therapeutic hoof trimming followed by hoof block application on contralateral claw, dressing with 10 per cent Zinc oxide ointment and hoof bandaging under suitable anaesthetic method. In one group, PRP gel was applied topically over the lesion and in other group, 10 mL of PRP was administered by regional intravenous injection and both treatments were repeated after 48 hours. A remarkable improvement in the clinical healing and wound closure were observed in PRP IVRA group than PRP gel and control groups in the early phase of healing. PRP IVRA group had better quality horn and less pain sensitivity. The greater expressions of IL1α, IL1β, IL10, Hp and MMP13 genes were observed in lame cows compared to sound cows. Relative gene expression of cytokine was downregulated by IVRA of PRP progressively during the healing of sole lesion at all the time points. Histopathological examination and post therapy locomotion score revealed no significant differences between the treatment groups at any observation time. Hence the present study concluded that intravenous regional infusion of PRP could be considered as better regenerative therapy along with therapeutic hoof trimming for the management of sole ulcer and whiteline disease in dairy cattle
Open Access
STREAMLINING SURGICAL APPROACHES OF SKIN AND MAMMARY TISSUE / SUBCUTANEOUS NEOPLASMS IN DOGS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NEO-ADJUVANT AND ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC PROTOCOLS
(COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, 2021-06-10) SUDHEESH S. NAIR; M.K. Narayanan
The present study was conducted on clinical cases of skin and mammary tissue / subcutaneous neoplasms among the dogs presented to University Veterinary Hospitals of Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University at Kokkalai and Mannuthy. Occurrence of 295 cases of neoplasms in dogs with respect to signalment and anamnesis were studied over a period of three years from October 2017 to September 2020. Thirty six cases of neoplasms consisting of 18 mammary neoplasms and 18 skin/ subcutaneous neoplasms were selected and subjected to detailed study in three groups based on TNM staging of neoplasms. Group I animals (TNM stage TA N0-1 M0) were subjected to curative-intent surgery alone with minimum 2 cm wide margin radical resections including deep fascial planes. Group II animals with ill-defined surgical margins and inflammatory changes (TNM stages TA N1 M0-1) were subjected to neoadjuvant chemotherapy at biweekly intervals .This was followed by surgical excision. In Group III- animals (TNM stages TA N1 M 1) with poorly differentiated surgical margins with metastatic changes in lymph node and confirmed pulmonary metastasis were subjected to surgical excision followed by adjuvant chemotherapy at biweekly intervals. The neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies in Group II and Group III were carried out using (VBL-P) protocol (vinblastine at 2 mg/ m intravenously and prednisolone at 1 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly) and (DOX-P) protocol (doxorubicin at 18 mg/ m2 and prednisolone at 1 mg/kg bodyweight intramuscularly) in six animals each in both groups. The surgical approaches to various types of neoplasms were streamlined with special reference to the TNM staging considering the anatomic location and gland/ part involved. Skin closure techniques were studied using single/ bipedicle flaps, local flap or axial pattern flap. Histopathology and grading of all samples were done. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with VBL-P protocol was found highly beneficial in defining surgical margins and resulted in improvement of surgical fitness of patients owing to the platelet enhancing effect. DOX-P protocol was found marginally effective in neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy with moderate cardiotoxicity and GI toxicity. Grading of neoplasms provided a valuable insight in designing future treatment strategies and for palliative management. The results of haematological and biochemical parameters were statistically analyzed. The response to treatment was assessed by Modified Karnofsky performance scales in dogs and Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumours (RECIST) guidelines. The survival status of the animals after treatment was compared by plotting survival curve using Kaplan Meier analysis and results were interpreted using the Log Rank Test. The mean survival time was found less in Group III, compared to Group II and Group I.