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Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad

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20211
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Subject: Veterinary Surgery and Radiology × Author: SUDHEESH S. NAIR × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    STREAMLINING SURGICAL APPROACHES OF SKIN AND MAMMARY TISSUE / SUBCUTANEOUS NEOPLASMS IN DOGS WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO NEO-ADJUVANT AND ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC PROTOCOLS
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, 2021-06-10) SUDHEESH S. NAIR; M.K. Narayanan
    The present study was conducted on clinical cases of skin and mammary tissue / subcutaneous neoplasms among the dogs presented to University Veterinary Hospitals of Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University at Kokkalai and Mannuthy. Occurrence of 295 cases of neoplasms in dogs with respect to signalment and anamnesis were studied over a period of three years from October 2017 to September 2020. Thirty six cases of neoplasms consisting of 18 mammary neoplasms and 18 skin/ subcutaneous neoplasms were selected and subjected to detailed study in three groups based on TNM staging of neoplasms. Group I animals (TNM stage TA N0-1 M0) were subjected to curative-intent surgery alone with minimum 2 cm wide margin radical resections including deep fascial planes. Group II animals with ill-defined surgical margins and inflammatory changes (TNM stages TA N1 M0-1) were subjected to neoadjuvant chemotherapy at biweekly intervals .This was followed by surgical excision. In Group III- animals (TNM stages TA N1 M 1) with poorly differentiated surgical margins with metastatic changes in lymph node and confirmed pulmonary metastasis were subjected to surgical excision followed by adjuvant chemotherapy at biweekly intervals. The neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapies in Group II and Group III were carried out using (VBL-P) protocol (vinblastine at 2 mg/ m intravenously and prednisolone at 1 mg/kg body weight intramuscularly) and (DOX-P) protocol (doxorubicin at 18 mg/ m2 and prednisolone at 1 mg/kg bodyweight intramuscularly) in six animals each in both groups. The surgical approaches to various types of neoplasms were streamlined with special reference to the TNM staging considering the anatomic location and gland/ part involved. Skin closure techniques were studied using single/ bipedicle flaps, local flap or axial pattern flap. Histopathology and grading of all samples were done. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with VBL-P protocol was found highly beneficial in defining surgical margins and resulted in improvement of surgical fitness of patients owing to the platelet enhancing effect. DOX-P protocol was found marginally effective in neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy with moderate cardiotoxicity and GI toxicity. Grading of neoplasms provided a valuable insight in designing future treatment strategies and for palliative management. The results of haematological and biochemical parameters were statistically analyzed. The response to treatment was assessed by Modified Karnofsky performance scales in dogs and Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumours (RECIST) guidelines. The survival status of the animals after treatment was compared by plotting survival curve using Kaplan Meier analysis and results were interpreted using the Log Rank Test. The mean survival time was found less in Group III, compared to Group II and Group I.