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Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad

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1995 - 199912010 - 20201
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Subject: Animal Reproduction and Gynecology × Author: C. IBRAHEEM KUTTY × End date: 2023 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF THERMAL STRESS ON POST-PARTUM REPRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF CROSSBRED DAIRY COWS
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, POOKODE WAYANAD, 2020-05-12) C. IBRAHEEM KUTTY; Azees C P, Abdul
    Together with increasing productivity of dairy cows, vulnerability to thermal stress (TS) and fertility impairments have become serious concern in the context of ongoing climate change phenomenon. The study was carried out at LRS Thiruvazhamkunnu in Kerala, to elucidate TS influence on reproductive performance of crossbred dairy cows and to identify suitable biological markers for timely intervention. The study involved retrospective assessment of reproductive performance in comparison with climatic variables over a period of six years and prospective investigation of the climatic stress impact on various production and reproduction parameters round the year. Major climatic stress factors showed significant (P<0.001) variation between seasons with highest ambient temperature during summer and lowest in rainy season. Relative humidity was rather high throughout the years so that THI was high enough to cause mild to moderate TS across all the seasons. Corresponding to the extended influence of TS factors, reproductive performance was much below the expected level irrespective of the seasons. Prospective study also showed almost similar pattern of stress impact throughout the year. The biological response assessed based on HSP 70 and Cortisol levels in the serum indicated the prevalence of TS during all seasons with maximum during summer. Respiration rate, rectal temperature and serum MDA level also showed highly significant elevation during summer being the immediate response to stress. However, production and reproduction related parameters showed more or less uniform levels of overall performance between seasons. It is concluded that overall lowered herd fertility is the consequence of TS exposure throughout the year. In spite of more adverse climate during summer, uniform fertility across seasons appears to be due to the adaptation mechanism, reflected by the high level of HSP 70 in the serum. Hence HSP 70 can be used as an effective indicator of TS in crossbred dairy cows.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SEASONAL FERTILITY OF BILLY GOATS
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES-MANNUTHY,THRISSUR, 1995) C. IBRAHEEM KUTTY; V Sudarsanan
    Biweekly data on body weight, scrota! circumference, testicular length and diameter and weekly data on semen parameters as volume, colour, pH, consistency, density, sperm concentration, mass activity, initial motility, sperm abnormality, vitality, metabolism and resistance to hyperosmotic medium of seven billy goats were observed for a period of one year. The data was grouped into four pertaining to four seasons aixived at on the basis of a simultaneously kept daily record of maximum-minimum temperature, humidity and day length. It was statistically analysed to find out that the differences between seasons were significant to be attributed to the environmental variables. Mean body weight, scrota! circumference and testicular length and diameter were 43.62±1.11 kg, 25.08 +0.12 cm, 8.57+0.07 cm and 5.32+0.03 cm respectively. There was no significant difference between the seasons except in testicular diameter and they were foimd to maintain an inverse relationship with day length and humidity. Mean volume, pH, initial motility, sperm concentration, total number of sperm per ejaculate, live sperm per cent, abnonnal spenn per cent, MBR time and R value were 0.75=0.04 ml, 6.25+0.02, 73.51 ±0.98 per cent, 3600±144 millions/ml, 2660.6 + 133.96 millions, 83.44+0.76, 4.33=0.43, 277.1 ±14.27 seconds and 84.75 ±12.39 ml respectively. There was no significant difference between seasons in these parameters except pH, initial motility, live sperm per cent and R value. They were found to have a significant difference between seasons and were found to maintain either direct or indirect relationship with humidity and day length. Semen on extension with milk antibiotic extender and on storage under relfigeration was found to fast deteriorate rendering it unusable in 24 h. Semen on the day of collection and extension, was used for artificial insemination and result of insemination was found to be independent of the significant or nonsignificant seasonal differences of semen parameters. But, during the period of smdy, there were two peaks in conception and two peaks in birth corresponding to it. The pattern appeared to be an adjustment of reproduction by the female to the varying food availability and climate with little involvement of the male.