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Kerala Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Wayanad

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20221
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Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × Author: AISHWARY VIBHUTI × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EXPRESSION PROFILING OF ECTO-NOX DISULFIDE THIOL EXCHANGER 2 (ENOX2) GENE IN RESPONSE TO HEAT STRESS IN GOATS
    (COLLEGE OF VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES, MANNUTHY, THRISSUR, KERALA VETERINARY AND ANIMAL SCIENCES UNIVERSITY, 2022) AISHWARY VIBHUTI
    Goats are considered as a heat resilient species among livestock owing to their genetic, physiological, behavioural and morphological characteristics. The Ecto-NOX Disulfide-Thiol Exchanger 2 (ENOX2) gene belongs to ECTO NOX family of cell surface NADH oxidases coding ENOX2 protein. It regulates cell growth, apoptosis and cytoskeleton remodelling, host defence at cellular level during different stress and disease conditions. The present study is planned with an objective to find out the expression profile of ENOX2 gene in response to heat stress and identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Malabari md Attappady black goats of Kerala. Based on physiological parameters both breeds are grouped as heat stress susceptible (HSS – RT >39 °C, RR >80 breaths/min. and HR >95 beats/min.) and heat stress tolerant (HST – RT <38.5°C, RR <40 breaths/min. and HR <80 beats/min.). The temperature humidity index (THI) was found to havesignificantly high correlation with rectal temperature, respiratory rate and heart rate in both breeds. Total RNA was isolated from whole blood from HSS and HST group of Attappady black (12) and Malabari (12) goats. The relative expression of ENOX2gene is higher in HSS compared to HST group. Higher expression of 5.27 fold was noticed in Malabari whereas in Attappady black it was 1.74 fold. The PCR-SSCP analysis revealed two novel SNPs at intron 1 (g.l42 A>T) and exon 2 (g.154 G>A).Two genotypes AA, BB were observed in the 245bp fragment (E1-I1) with a frequency of 0.21 and 0.79 in Attappady black. Only BB genotype was observed in Malabari goats. Two genotypes, AA and AB were observed in 245bp fragment (I1-E2-I2) with overall frequency of 0.18 and 0.82, respectively. The AB genotype was abundant in both the population. Association study of SNP in E1-I1 region revealed that the BB genotype of Attappady black goats had significantly (p≤0.01) higher respiratory rate and heart rate compared to AA genotype. The SNP at I1-E2-I2region revealed significant (p≤0.01) association of AB genotypes with respiratory rate and body length in both Attappady black and Malabari breeds. The present study concludes that ENOX2 gene can be considered as a promising candidate gene for selection of heat resilient goats.