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Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour

Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour established on 5th August, 2010 is a basic and strategic institution supporting more than 500 researchers and educationist towards imparting education at graduate and post graduate level, conducting basic, strategic, applied and adaptive research activities, ensuring effective transfer of technologies and capacity building of farmers and extension personnel. The university has 6 colleges (5 Agriculture and 1 Horticulture) and 12 research stations spread in 3 agro-ecological zones of Bihar. The University also has 21 KVKS established in 20 of the 25 districts falling under the jurisdiction of the University. The degree programmes of the university and its colleges have been accredited by ICAR in 2015-16. The university is also an ISO 9000:2008 certified organisation with International standard operating protocols for maintaining highest standards in teaching, research, extension and training.VisionThe Bihar Agricultural University was established with the objective of improving quality of life of people of state especially famers constituting more than two third of the population. Having set ultimate goal of benefitting society at large, the university intends to achieve it by imparting word-class need based agricultural education, research, extension and public service.

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Author: Atal, Mahendra Kumar × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on weed management under cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) based intercropping system
    (Department of Horticulture (Olericulture), BAU, Sabour, 2021) Atal, Mahendra Kumar; Verma, R. B.
    Cabbage (Brassica oleracea. var. capitata) is the second most important crop after cauliflower of the Cole group in India and belongs to the family Cruciferae. Being due widely spaced crop and more responsive to fertilizers and frequent irrigation for proper growth and higher yield, it poses a serious problem of weeds. The excessive use of toxic substances as plant protection measures threatened productivity, profitability, stability and durability of the system, which emphasizes the need-based application. On the other hand manual weeding involves high cost for laborers, which makes imperative to opt herbicidal control of weeds. Under the situation referred above the concept of inter cropping offers ample scope for combating weeds without any threat to ecological degradation. Hence India is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of spices in the world and ranks 3rd in world trade of spices with 8.8% of the share, therefore intercropping of vegetables with seed spices may be one of the best options to boost up the doubling farmers’ income by enhancing efficiency of the natural resources i.e., land, laborer, capital and weed management. Considering the facts an experiment was conducted during 2018-19 and 2019-20 in Rabi season at Vegetable Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India. Twenty-eight treatments consisting of seven different intercropping systems viz., T1 - Cabbage (Sole), T2 - Cabbage + Coriander, T3 - Cabbage + Nigella, T4 - Cabbage + Fenugreek, T5 - Coriander (Sole), T6 - Nigella (Sole), T7 - Fenugreek (Sole) and four weed management practices viz., W0 - Weedy check (Control), W1 - (Hand weeding), W2 - (Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ ha) and W3 - (Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ha + one hand weeding at 30 DAS) were laid out in split plot design with three replications to find out the most suitable inter crop as well as weed management practice to control the weeds as well as enhancing yield of cabbage. In the experimental field fourteen species of weeds were observed. Among these the dominated weed species were Cynodon dactylon L., Cyprus rotundus L., Elusine indica L., Gaerth, Polypogon monspeliensis L., Phalaris minor L., Chenopodium album L., Rumex occidentalis L., Digera muricata L., Phyllanthus niruri L., Argemone mexicana L., Coronopus didymus, Melilotus spp., Parthenium hysterophorus L. during both the years. It was observed that the different intercropping affected the growth and yield attributes of the component crops. Intercropping of Cabbage + Nigella recorded higher value of cabbage equivalent yield (447.67 q/ ha), LER (1.37), Aggressively (0.46), lower competition ratio (2.01) and the lowest value (0.05) of competition index, weed population (22.36 /m2), fresh weight (63.83 g/ m2), dry weigh (13.29 g/ m2), weed control efficiency (57.15%) and weed index (27.03%) of weeds except sole crop under each intercropping. Similar trend was also observed under the treatment of Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ ha + one hand weeding at 30 DAS except hand weeding. Above observations warrant the specific conclusion that the use of Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ ha + one hand weeding at 30 days after sowing under Cabbage + Nigella intercropping is more remunerative as it gave the cabbage equivalent yield (447.67 q/ ha) and highest B:C ratio (5.35).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on weed management under cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) based intercropping system
    (Department of Horticulture (Olericulture), BAU, Sabour, 2021) Atal, Mahendra Kumar; Verma, R. B.
    Cabbage (Brassica oleracea. var. capitata) is the second most important crop after cauliflower of the Cole group in India and belongs to the family Cruciferae. Being due widely spaced crop and more responsive to fertilizers and frequent irrigation for proper growth and higher yield, it poses a serious problem of weeds. The excessive use of toxic substances as plant protection measures threatened productivity, profitability, stability and durability of the system, which emphasizes the need-based application. On the other hand manual weeding involves high cost for laborers, which makes imperative to opt herbicidal control of weeds. Under the situation referred above the concept of inter cropping offers ample scope for combating weeds without any threat to ecological degradation. Hence India is the largest producer, consumer and exporter of spices in the world and ranks 3rd in world trade of spices with 8.8% of the share, therefore intercropping of vegetables with seed spices may be one of the best options to boost up the doubling farmers’ income by enhancing efficiency of the natural resources i.e., land, laborer, capital and weed management. Considering the facts an experiment was conducted during 2018-19 and 2019-20 in Rabi season at Vegetable Research Farm, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India. Twenty-eight treatments consisting of seven different intercropping systems viz., T1 - Cabbage (Sole), T2 - Cabbage + Coriander, T3 - Cabbage + Nigella, T4 - Cabbage + Fenugreek, T5 - Coriander (Sole), T6 - Nigella (Sole), T7 - Fenugreek (Sole) and four weed management practices viz., W0 - Weedy check (Control), W1 - (Hand weeding), W2 - (Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ ha) and W3 - (Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ha + one hand weeding at 30 DAS) were laid out in split plot design with three replications to find out the most suitable inter crop as well as weed management practice to control the weeds as well as enhancing yield of cabbage. In the experimental field fourteen species of weeds were observed. Among these the dominated weed species were Cynodon dactylon L., Cyprus rotundus L., Elusine indica L., Gaerth, Polypogon monspeliensis L., Phalaris minor L., Chenopodium album L., Rumex occidentalis L., Digera muricata L., Phyllanthus niruri L., Argemone mexicana L., Coronopus didymus, Melilotus spp., Parthenium hysterophorus L. during both the years. It was observed that the different intercropping affected the growth and yield attributes of the component crops. Intercropping of Cabbage + Nigella recorded higher value of cabbage equivalent yield (447.67 q/ ha), LER (1.37), Aggressively (0.46), lower competition ratio (2.01) and the lowest value (0.05) of competition index, weed population (22.36 /m2), fresh weight (63.83 g/ m2), dry weigh (13.29 g/ m2), weed control efficiency (57.15%) and weed index (27.03%) of weeds except sole crop under each intercropping. Similar trend was also observed under the treatment of Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ ha + one hand weeding at 30 DAS except hand weeding. Above observations warrant the specific conclusion that the use of Pendimethalin PE @ 3.3 l/ ha + one hand weeding at 30 days after sowing under Cabbage + Nigella intercropping is more remunerative as it gave the cabbage equivalent yield (447.67 q/ ha) and highest B:C ratio (5.35).