Loading...
Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
Browse
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON EFFECT OF KETOPROFEN AND FEBRILE CONDITION ON PHARMACOKINETICS OF LEVOFLOXACIN AND SAFETY OF LEVOFLOXACIN ALONE AND IN COMBINATION WITH KETOPROFEN IN SHEEP(AAU, Anand, 2009) PATEL, URVESHKUMAR DAHYABHAI; Thaker, A. M.Levofloxacin is a novel third generation fluoroquinolone with broad spectrum antibacterial activity. Use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are frequently recommended with antibacterials for the treatment of various bacterial infections accompanied by fever and other inflammatory conditions in animals. Ketoprofen (KTP) is an aryl propionic acid derivative, non-selective COX inhibitor NSAID having anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties. In veterinary practice, ketoprofen is used to lower body temperature in animals having fever, to relieve bacteremia and pain in all animals. Pharmacokinetics of an antibacterial drug may change when administered with anti-inflammatory drug or in febrile animals. Despite the great potential for clinical use of levofloxacin, the data on its pharmacokinetics and safety profile in sheep are scarce. The present study was planned to determine the effect of intramuscularly administered ketoprofen (3 mg/kg) and febrile condition (lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced) on pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin following intravenous, subcutaneous and oral administration (3 mg/kg) in sheep and safety of daily intravenous administration of levofloxacin alone (3 mg/kg) and in combination with intramuscular administration of ketoprofen (3 mg/kg) for five days in sheep by monitoring haematological and blood biochemical profiles.ThesisItem Open Access ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF Staphylococcus aureus FROM BOVINE MILK(AAU, Anand, 1990) Purohit, Jayantilal Hargovind; JHALA, V. M.The present study was undertaken with a view to know the occurrence of Staphylococcus aureus In bovine milk In relation to species, managemental conditions, breed, method of milking, parity, stage of lactation and Involvement of the quarters as well as to observe the relationships among the certain characteristics, Including enterotoxigenicIty, of S.aureus. The isolates were also phage typed to know the possible origin. The milk samples were collected from the animals maintained at six different farms comprising of four GAU farms and two private farms. The cows were maintained at four farms whereas buffaloes were maintained at remaining two farms. A total of 925 milk samples (758 from cows and 167 from buffaloes) from the individual quarters of 234 animals comprising of 191 cows and 43 buffaloes were collected and processed for isolation and identification of S.aureus. Of these, 94 quarters (10.16 per cent) of 67 animals (28.63 per cent) revealed the presence of S.aureus. The incidence of S.aureus was more commonly encountered amongst the cows on animal basis (31.94 per cent) as well as on quarter basis (11.35 per cent) than those of buffaloes (13.95 and 4.79 per cent, respectively).ThesisItem Open Access RESPONSE OF RABI MAIZE (Zea mays L.) TO METHODS OF IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN LEVELS UNDER MIDDLE GUJARAT CONDITIONS(AAU, Anand, 2005) PATEL, JASHBHAI BHAGWANBHAI; Meisheri, T. G.An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during two consecutive rabi seasons of the year 2002-03 and 2003-04 with a view to study the "Response of rabi maize (Zea mays L.) to methods of irrigation and nitrogen levels under middle Gujarat conditions". The experiment consisted of twenty treatment combinations comprised of four methods of irrigation (flat bed, all furrow, alternate furrow and skip furrow irrigations) and five nitrogen levels (75, 100, 125, 150 and 175 kg ha-1). The field experiment was laid out in a split plot design with four replications, wherein, methods of irrigation were relegated in the main plots and nitrogen levels were assigned to the sub-plots. The soil of the experimental field was loamy sand in texture having good drainage capacity. It was low in organic carbon and total nitrogen and high in available phosphorus and potassium. The results revealed that methods of irrigation showed significant influence on growth and yield attributes viz., periodical plant height (except at 90 DAS) and number of leaves plant-1, stem girth at bottom and middle portion of the plant at 60 DAS, periodical leaf area index (except at 30 DAS) and periodical dry matter accumulation plant-1 (except at 30 DAS), crop growth rate between 30-60 and 60-90 days of the crop, days to mid tasseling, number of cobs plant-1, length and girth of cob, number of grains and their weight cob-i and weight of 100 grain. These attributes were higher either in all furrows or in flat bed irrigation than alternate furrow and skip furrow irrigation. Like-wise chemical parameters such as chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll contents in fresh flag leaf (except chlorophyll-b content at 30 and 90 DAS), uptake of N, P and K by grain and stover also showed the similar response. Methods of irrigation failed to exhibit their significant influence on stem girth at top portion of the plant and also harvest index as well as protein content of grain. The total nitrogen content of the soil was not significant, while available soil phosphorus and potassium were significant and these nutrients were drained out in sizeable amounts under all furrow and flat bed irrigation over alternate and skip furrow irrigation. Field water use efficiency was maximum under alternate furrow irrigation followed by skip furrow irrigation. Significantly higher grain and stover yields (5165 and 8297 kg ha-1) were obtained under all furrow irrigation than alternate and skip furrow irrigation but it was at par with flat bed irrigation which recorded the grain and stover yields of 4917 and 8018 kg ha-1, respectively. All furrows irrigation registered the highest net realization (Rs. 19044 ha-1) with the maximum CBR of 1: 2.41. The periodical plant height, number of leaves plant-1, stem girth at bottom, middle and top portion of the plant, periodical leaf area index and dry matter accumulation plant and crop growth rate between 30-60 and 60-90 days of the crop, days to mid tasseling; yield attributes like number of cobs plant-1, length and girth of cob, number of grains and their weight cob-1 and weight of 100 grains were significant due to nitrogen levels and these attributes were tended to increase with the increase in the levels of nitrogen from 75 to 175 kg N ha-1. Chemical parameters viz. protein content, chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll, uptake of N, P and K by grain and stover were also increased with the increase in levels of nitrogen except stem girth at middle and top portions of the plant and P uptake by grain which were improved upto application of 150 kg N ha-1. Harvest index, total soil nitrogen and available soil phosphorus were not significantly influenced due to nitrogen levels but available soil potassium was found to be significant due to nitrogen levels and higher amount of applied nitrogen depleted higher quantity of potassium from the soil. Field water use efficiency was also increased with the increase in levels of nitrogen. Application of 175 kg N ha-1 (N175) recorded significantly higher grain yield (5077 kg ha-1) than the rest of the nitrogen levels except 150 kg N ha-1, which recorded the grain yield of 4960 kg ha-1. Similarly, 150 and 125 kg N ha-1 were also at par. The stover yield (8465 kg ha-1) was significantly higher under the highest level of nitrogen (175 kg N ha-1) than others, but was comparable to 150 kg N ha-1 (8283 kg ha-1). Net profit was increased with each successive increase in nitrogen levels and maximum net realization of Rs. 18362 ha-1 was accrued with the application of 175 kg N ha-1 with the CBR of 1:2.33 followed by 150 kg N ha-1 (Rs. 17911 ha-1) and 125 kg N ha-1 (Rs. 17049 ha-1), which recorded the CBR of 1:2.33 and 1:2.29, respectively. The interaction effect between methods of irrigation and nitrogen levels also brought out significant variations in plant height at 60 DAS, number of leaves plant-1 at 90 DAS, stem girth at bottom, middle and top portions of the plant at 60 DAS, leaf area index at 60 and 90 DAS, dry matter accumulation planH at 30 DAS, chlorophyll-a and chlorophyll-b at 60 and 90 DAS and total chlorophyll at 90 DAS, protein content of grain, uptake of phosphorus and potash by grain, total soil nitrogen, available soil phosphorus and potassium status of soil. The correlation studies indicated that grain yield had highly significant positive correlation with almost all the growth and yield attributes and chemical traits. From the above findings, it is concluded that for accruing maximum economic advantage, rabi maize variety GM 3 should be irrigated by adopting all furrow method of irrigation and fertilized @ 150 kg N ha-1 along with 50 kg P2O5/ha.ThesisItem Open Access RENIFORM NEMATODE, ROTYLENCHULUS RENIFORMIS LINFORD AND OLIVEIRA, 1940 IN TOBACCO(AAU, Anand, 1982) Patel, Davabhai Jethabhai; Desai, M. V.The experiments on reniform nematode, Rotylenchulus reniformis, in bidi tobacco conducted to study the life cycle, effect of temperature and pH on hatching of eggs, nematode survival and virulence/ histopathology, effect of nematode on seed germination and seedling development, inoculum potential in relation to growth of tobacco seedlings and reaction of tobacco.varieties to nematode revealed that R. reniformis completed its life cycle from egg to egg in 27 to 32 days at 30 to 32°C on bidi tobacco variety Anand 119, The fecundity of nematode was on an average 83 eggs per egg mass and reproduction was amphimitic. Among the different temperatures (5 to 45°C with an increment of 5°C) studied, egg hatching of nematode was significantly more a t 30°C as compared to the rest, while per cent nematode survival was significantly-more at 15°C than at the remaining temperatures. But the nematode virulence on castor variety Anand 6-4 was significantly more when incubated at 5°C as compared to the remaining temperatures. As regards the different pH levels (2 to 10 with an increment of one), nematode egg hatching was significantly more at 7 pH than the remaining levels. The nematode survival was significantly more at 9 pH than the rest, while nematode virulence on castor variety Anand 6-4 was significantly more at 9 pH than the rest barring 8 pH. Histopathological studies indicated that young female penetrated the epidermal and cortical parenchyma tissues and reached the endodermal layers intracellularly through parenchyma. The orie third anterior portion of the female remained embedded in the root. Several cells of pericycle layer surrounding the head of the nematode formed giant cells. R. reniformis reduced 36,36, 57.56, 7.91, 64.32 and 23.91 per cent reduction in seed germination, green and oven dry seedlings weights as well as number of transplantable and total seedlings over sterilized soil. The nematode also retarded the nutrients uptake by tobacco seedlings to the tune of 9.83 (Nitrogen) ,1.75 (phosphorus), 5.93 (Potassium), 10.70 (Calcium) and 1-8.59 (Magnesium) per cent under infected soil. The nema population increased from the initial level of 250 to 1400 per 100 g of soil in 45 days. Among different levels of inoculum (o, 10, loo, 1,000 and 10,000 nematodes per pot), the inoculum level of 100 nematodes per pot and above reduced the green shoot weight and plant height of tobacco seedlings. The level of 10,000 nematodes per pot while being at par with the level of 1,000 nematodes per pot had significant depressing effect on green root and green as well as dry shoot weights of tobacco seedlings as compared to the rest barring the level of 100 nematodes per pot. The level of 10,000 nematodes per pot reduced significantly less plant height as compared to the rest. The soil population per pot and total number of nematodes per plant increased significantly upto 1000 nematodes per pot, thereafter, the population did not increase significantly in the level of 10,000 nematodes per pot. similarly the reproduction of R. reniformis increased with an increase in nema population upto 3,000 nematodes per pot (0 to 5.14), It was low (0.69) in the level of 10,000 nematodes per pot. Likewise nutrients uptake also decreased with an increase in nema population and inverse correlationship observed between inoculum levels and nutrients uptake was very high with the variation in coefficient from -0.865 to -0.706. Ihe reaction of tobacco varieties viz. Anand 2, Anand 119, Dharmaj Kaliu (DK), S 20, GT 4, K 49, K 20 and Kumkumathri (Bidi types), Anand 145, and 47-75 (Chewing types) and CTRI Special, 16-103 and VaSCR (VFC types) to R. reniformis revealed none to be free from R. reniformis infestation. Varieties GT 4, Anand 145 and Anand 2 were less preferred hosts while VaSCR was highly preferred by R. reniformis. The rest of the varieties were intermediate.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON CHEMICAL CONTROL OF THE PEST COMPLEX OF SORGHUM WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SHOOTFLY AND STEM BORER(AAU, Anand, 1981) PATEL, JITENDRA R.; JOTWANI, M. G.Abstract not AvailableThesisItem Open Access SELENIUM STATUS OF GUJARAT SOILS AND FODDERS(AAU, Anand, 1968) Patel, Chimanbhai A.; Mehta, B. V.Abstract not AvailableThesisItem Open Access ASSESSMENT OF AVAILABLE COPPER AND MOLYBDENUM STATUS OF SOILS OF NORTH GIJARAT AND RESPONSE STUDIES WITH RESPECT TO ALFALFA(AAU, Anand, 1972) Patel, N. A.; Mehta, B. V.Abstract not AvailableThesisItem Open Access EVALUATION OF INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS PROCESSING PARAMETERS ON THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF KHOA AND PENDA(AAU, Anand, 1988) MIYANI, RAGHAVBHAI VALLABHBHAI; VYAS, S. H.The influences of variation in treatments given to buffalo and cow milk (prior to khoa and penda making) such as standardization of milk to 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 fat/SNF ratio, initial acidity in milk of 0.16, 0.18, 0.20, 0.22 and 0.24 per cent (as LA); additives - sodium citrate to milk at 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 per cent (on MTS basis) for khoa and sugar at 40, 60, 80 and 100 per cent (on MTS basis) for penda, preconcentration of milk to 30, 35 and 40 per cent TS content and homogenization of milk at 50, 100 and 150 kg/cm2 pressure on chemical, rheological and sensory qualities of khoa and penda were studied. The two type of milks, namely cow and buffalo, used for khoa and penda making had significant effect on chemical composition, rheological attributes and sensory profile of both khoa and penda. However, the specific effect on particular attribute studied for different treatments was not identical in all cases in the products made from cow and buffalo milks. As the fat/SNF ratio in milk increased, there was significant increase in MFFS, TS, fat, FDM, free fat and sensory quality and reduction in protein and ash contents as well as values of all Theological parameters of khoa. In case of penda the increase in fat/SNF ratio of milk caused significant increase in MFFS, fat, FDM, free fat, acidity and acceptability score (only upto 0.5 ratio) and reduction in protein, total sugar and ash contents as well as all rheological properties. The initial acidity of cow and buffalo milk used for khoa and penda making had no significant effect on chemical composition of these products, except on ash and acidity values of khoa and MFFS and acidity of penda. All the rheological attributes of these products showed declining trend at elevated level of acidity. Increase in acidity upto 0.18 per cent showed improvement in the organoleptic characteristics of khoa and penda and theraafter quality of these products was impaired. Addition of sodium citrate had very little influence on the chemical composition of khoa, whereas it influenced the rheological properties (gumminess, springiness and chewiness) and flavour profile of khoa significantly, the former showing a declining trend at higher level of addition. Organoleptically best khoa was obtained with 0.2 per cent (on MTS basis) addition of sodium citrate. The level of sugar addition in penda altered the chemical composition,rheological properties as well as acceptability score. Higher rate of addition caused significant decrease in MFFS, fat, FDM, protein, ash contents and springiness whereas total sugar and hardness increased significantly, Penda with highest acceptability score was obtained with addition of 60 per cent (on MTS basis) sugar. Use of preconeentrated milk having different total solids had no influence on chemical composition and rheological attributes of khoa and penda. On the otherhand, use of preconcentrated milk having total solids upto 35 per cent improved the sensory score of khoa but not in case of penda. Homogenization of milk did not change the chemical composition of khoa except free fat content which was significantly reduced at higher pressures. Whereas in case of penda homogenization treatment caused significant changes in MFFS, TS and free fat contents. Rheological properties of khoa (except brittleness) and penda were significantly influenced by variation in homogenization, pressure all these properties except cohesiveness of khoa had lower values than the unhomogenized controls. In case of khoa there was improvement in the organoleptic quality at the lowest (i.e. 50 kg/cm2) pressure used whereas in case of penda it resulted in slight decline in the acceptability score. At higher pressures, organoleptic quality of khoa and penda showed deterioration. It can be concluded from the findings of the present study that khoa and penda with desired chemical composition, rheological attributes and sensory profile can be obtained using independently. 1. Milk standardized to 0.5 fat/SNF ratio, 2. Milk having acidity upto 0.18 per cent (as LA). 3. Additives - sodium citrate upto 0.2 per cent (on MTS basis) in case of khoa and sugar upto 60 per cent (on MTS basis) in case of penda, 4. Preconcentrated milk having total solids upto 30 per cent (in case of penda) and 35 per cent (in case of khoa) 5. Homogenization of milk at 50 kg/cm2 at 60°C. Moreover, objective rheological assessment can be made use of for better quality control of these indigenous milk products.ThesisItem Open Access BIONOMICS AND CONTROL MEASURES OF DUDHI BUG GAMPSOCORIS PULCHELLUS DALLAS Berytidae (Neididae) : Hemiptera(AAU, Anand, 1969) Singh, Ram; Patel, H. K.Abstract not available