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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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Author: KHORAJIYA, JAYNUDIN H. × End date: 2014 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON GENOTYPE-XIII NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS INFECTION IN COMMERCIAL CHICKEN
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) KHORAJIYA, JAYNUDIN H.; JOSHI, B. P.
    The present research work was carried out to know Patho-epidemiological study on Genotype-XIII Newcastle disease virus infection in commercial layer and broiler chicks in around Anand, Gujarat. The Genotype-XIII Newcastle disease virus was confirmed by F gene sequence and whole genome sequence at Department of Microbiology and Animal biotechnology, Veterinary College, Anand. The study comprised of patho epidemiology of Newcastle disease by information collected from different broiler and layer farms suffered from the disease in relation to incidence pattern and mortality, duration of mortality, susceptible age, loss due to production performance, clinical signs, gross and histopathological lesions of visceral organs as well as to isolate and identify pathotype of virus by HA, HI and ICPI test. During the study mortality due to Newcastle disease was recorded in 13 layer and 10 broiler flocks inspite of routine vaccination which usually contain genotype-II strain of virus. The mortality was observed above 50 percent with an average of 21.21 percent in layer flocks and to the tune of 80 percent with an average of 28.11 percent in broiler flocks. The susceptible age of the disease was found to be 23 to 34 days among broiler and 6-14 weeks among layer flocks. The duration of mortality observed was 14 days in broiler flocks and 23 days among layer flocks. The disease resulted in significant reduction in body weight upto 22.80% in layer flocks and 29.06 % in broiler flocks in comparison to standard normal body weight. There was significant reduction in feed intake upto 35.52% in broiler flocks and 46.91 percent in layer flocks. The two affected egg laying flocks showed drop in egg production to the tune of 20 to 30 percent. Majority of the outbreaks appeared during extreme hot months of may and June in broiler flocks and april to June in layer flocks. The major clinical signs presented by the affected flocks were listlessness, increased respiration, greenish diarrhoea with soiled feathers of vent, dehydration, loss in body weight, conjunctivitis, prostration and increasing mortality. Greenish diarrhea was frequently seen in birds that survived early in infection. Mortality continued for 2-3 weeks and reduced with appearance of torticollis. Gross lesions were characterized by emaciation and dehydration of carcass with deep congestion of breast musculature, multifocal to diffuse haemorrhages around proventricular glands, necrotic (diptheretic) haemorrhagic ulcers throughout the intestine, disseminated multiple foci of necrosis and pin-point haemorrhages in spleen parenchyma especially in layer birds. In few of the broiler flocks kidneys appeared pale and enlarged with pin point haemorrhages. Severe congestion of trachea and lungs was prominent feature in majority of broiler as well as layer chicks. The microscopic lesions were mainly of the nature of focal to diffuse haemorrhages and diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells in proventricular mucosal and glandular regions; focal to diffuse haemorrhages, necrosis and sloughing of epithelial cells and moderate to severe infiltration of mononuclear cells in the intestine; multifocal areas of lymphoid necrosis and haemorrhages in caecal tonsils, spleen and bursa of fabricius; and perivascular infiltration of lymphocytes, neuronal degeneration and focal areas of gliosis in brain parenchyma. Pooled tissue samples (trachea, lung, liver, spleen, proventriculus, caecal tonsils and intestine) collected aseptically during postmortem examination from all the 23 flocks of broiler and layer farms were homogenized and tissue suspensions were inoculated into the allantoic cavity of embryonated SPF eggs of 9-11 days incubation. Eggs were further incubated until death or for upto 72 hrs and allantoic fluid was collected after overnight chilling at 4°C and used for further HA, HI test and ICPI test. All the 23 allantoic fluids from field samples along with F and R2B vaccine sample were found positive for HA activity, which was further confirmed by HI using known NDV serum. The values of intracerebral pathogenicity index (ICPI) carried out for assessment of virulence of Newcastle disease virus in day old SPF chicks for the filed samples were 2.0 and indicative of velogenic nature of the filed NDV strain. The clinical signs, mortality pattern, gross and microscopic lesions, haemagglutination (HA), haemagglutination inhibition (HI) activity and ICPI (Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index) observed in filed outbreaks of Newcastle disease both in layer and broiler flocks were indicative of very virulent Newcastle disease. Further isolation of genotype-XIII NDV from the filed outbreaks and ICPI score of 2.0 confirmed that the present outbreaks were due to genotype-XIII Newcastle disease virus which was velogenic in nature. The study indicated that presently available live and attenuated vaccines which include genotype-II NDV have failed in protecting the flocks against genotype-XIII and resulted in outbreaks with mortality above 50 percent in layer flocks and upto 80 percent in broiler flocks.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHO-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON GENOTYPE-XIII NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS INFECTION IN COMMERCIAL CHICKEN
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) KHORAJIYA, JAYNUDIN H.; Dr. B. P. Joshi