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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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Subject: Veterinary Pathology × End date: 2004 × Start date: 2004 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PATHOLOGiCAL AND SEROLOGICAL STUDIES ON RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS IN COMMERCIAL BROILER CHICKS
    (AAU, Anand, 2004) Girdharbhai, Rank Chirag; Joshi, B. P.
    Epidemiological, serological and pathological studies on respiratory infections were carried out in ten commercial broiler farms in and around Anand district of Gujarat State. To know the prevalence of respiratory infections, autopsy records of the last three years i.e. Jan. 2001 to Dec. 2003 were analyzed. The available data of autopsy and farm mortality records were classified year wise, month wiss, age wise and breed wise to ascertain the susceptibility and incidence of disease. A total of 1,565 flocks were affected with respiratory infections out cf 3,940 flocks received for autopsy. The relative incidence of respiratory infections based on autopsy records was found to be 39.72 per cent with year wise frequency ranging from 36.50 to 42.49 per cent. Among these, the condition complicated chronic respiratory disease was recorded at highest rate of 90.86 per cent. There was meagre incidence of Ranikhet disease, aspergillosis and pneumonia. Month Vi^ise autopsy records showed higher incidence (45.17%) during the summer season. Among the affected flocks the highest incidence of 50.99 per cent was recorded in avian-34 breed of broilers followed by hubbard and hubchix constituting 46.61 and 41.57 per cent respectively. Age wise incidence showed tiiat tiie iiigliest number of cases at the rate of 55.62 per cent were recorded during 3rd week followed by fourth week (47.75%) and fifth week (43.98%) of age. Studies of the farm incidence at ten broiler farms totalling the population of 68,378 broiler birds showed an average mortality rate of 4.38 per cent with a range of 2.26 to 7.98 per cent. Farm wise mortality due to respiratory infections varied between 0.16 to 5.80 per cent with an average mortality rate of 1.86 per cent. Among tnese the condition colisepticaemia was recorded at the highest rate of 95.29 per cent. Week wise farm mortality showed the highest incidence of 0.64 per cent during the third week of age followed by fourth (0.57%), fifth (0.35%) and sixth (0.24%) week of age. Breed wise farm mortality due to respiratory infections showed the higher incidence in Hubbard (1.35%) in comparison to cobb (0.51%o) breed of broiler out of a total mortality of 1.86 per cent due to respiratory infections. The overall seroprevalence of infectious bronchitis (IB) was found to be 18.52 per cent (100/540 sera sample). The antibodies against IB were detected in 6 out of 10 farms (60.00%)). The individual farm wise seroprevalence ranged between 0.0 to 100 per cent. All the sera sample were negative for Mycoplasma gallisepticum antibodies. The Micro HI titres of Ranikhet disease in most of the farms were within the protective antibody levels. Escherichia coli organisms were isolated from all the 60 samples of colisepticaemia representing all the ten broiler farms. The important gross lesions observed in colisepticaemia were congestion of mucosa of nostrils, trachea and bronchi covered by thick mucous exudate. In majority of cases airsacculitis, presence of caseous plugs in the lumen of trachea and bronchi, fibrinous pericarditis and fibrinous perihepatitis were noticed. Lesions observed in aspergillosis were presence of grayish white nodules of varying sizes and numbeis on the lung parenchyma. The histopathological lesions in colisepticaemia were of the nature of variable degree of congestion, vacuolar degeneration and desquamation of epithelial cells and mild to moderate infiltration of heterophils and mononuclear cells in the tracheal and bronchial mucosa. The lesions in the lung parenchyma were comprised of mild to moderate oedema, mild to severe congestion, focal to diffuse haemorrhages, focal to diffuse infiltration of hererophils and mononuclear cells and presence of caseous exudate in the lumen of parabronchi. Air-sacs revealed mild oedema and heterophil infiltration with fibroblast proliferation and accumulation of caseous exudate. Liver and heart revealed thickening of the liver capsule and pericardium with deposition of fibrinous exudate along with mononuclear cells infiltration. Hepatic and cardiac parenchyma showed mild to severe congestion and haemorrhages, focal to diffuse areas of necrosis and focal to diffuse infiltration of mononuclear cells. The lesions in the lung were comprised of mild to moderate congestion, hyperplasia of reticulo-endothelial cells with lymphoid cell depletion and focal presence of bacterial colonies. On the basis of serological observations, isolation of Escherichia colt organisms as well as gross and microscopic lesions, it may be opined that the predominant respiratory infection is colisepticaemia which is of systemic involvement and may exist either alone or aggrevated in the presence of primary infection such as infectious bronchitis virus causing heavy mortality.