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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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20111
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Subject: Veterinary Microbiology × Author: AHER, TUSHAR KISAN ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL PATHOGENS FROM RESPIRATORY TRACT OF APPARENTLY HEALTHY AS WELL AS SICK GOATS
    (AAU, Anand, 2011) AHER, TUSHAR KISAN; ROY, ASHISH
    A number of factors are responsible for economic losses to the goat industry; among them the pneumonia due to various bacterial species imposes serious constraints on goat production all over the world because of high mortalities. The major health problem of small ruminants is pneumonia/pleuropneumonia, which may be caused by Mycoplasma and Pasteurella species alone or in conjunction with other microbes. Pneumonia in small ruminants constitutes a serious setback to the growth in this group of animals with resultant economic losses in many parts of the world. Thus, the present study was undertaken with a view to know preponderance of this bacterial spp. in relation to respiratory tract infections in apparently healthy and sick goats. The objectives were isolation, identification, nucleic acid based detection of virulence associated and toxigenic potentials and in vitro antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the isolates from respiratory tract infections of apparently healthy as well as sick goats. In the present investigation, total 102 nasal swab samples and 96 tissue samples were collected from apparently healthy as well as sick goats. Bacterial isolation was done following standard technique by inoculating tissue sample and nasal swab sample primarily on blood agar and plates incubated for 24-48 hrs at 37°C. After incubation, the nature of growth and cultural characters of colonies were studied. Preliminary morphological identification was based on Gram's staining. Specific identification and biochemical characterization of the isolates was done as per the standard techniques. In this study, ten different types of bacteria were isolated. It includes Mycoplasma spp. (0.7%), P. inultocida (0.7%), Staphylococcus spp. (29.9%), Micrococcus spp. (4.2%), Streptococcus spp. (9.7%), Bacillus spp. (19.4%), E. coli (18.8%), Proteus spp. (4.9%), Klebsiella spp. (5.6%) and P. aeruginosa (6.3%). The most prevalent species of bacteria found was Staphylococcus spp. Gram positive organisms were more prevalent in apparently healthy goats (46.5%) than sick goats (11.8%). Gram negative organisms were more prevalent in sick goats (24.3%) than apparently healthy goats (16.7%). From 102 nasal swab samples- 68 isolates, 32 lung samples- 31 isolates, 32 trachea samples- 26 isolates, 32 tonsil samples- 19 isolates were obtained. Out of which. Gram positive bacteria were 91 (63.2%), whereas Gram negative bacteria was 52 (36.1%) and a single isolate was identified as Mycoplasma spp. (0.7%). From 102 nasal swabs, total 68 isolates were obtained and there were total nine different types of bacteria isolated, viz.. Mycoplasma spp. (1.5%), P. multocida (1.5%), Staphylococcus spp. (38.2%). Micrococcus spp. (8.82%), Streptococcus spp. (7.4%), Bacillus spp. (33.8%), E. coli (5.9%), Klebsiella spp. (1.5%) and P. aeruginosa (1.5%). The most pre\alent bacterial species found in nasal swab were Staphylococcus spp. From. 32 lung samples, total 31 isolates were obtained and there were total seven different types of bacteria isolated, viz., Staphylococcus spp. (19.4 %). Streptococcus spp. (12.9%), Bacillus spp. (6.5%), E. coli (35.5%), Proteus spp. (6.5%), Klebsiella spp., (9.7%) and P. aeruginosa (9.7%). The most prevalent bacterial species found in lung was E. coli. From 32 tracheal samples, total 26 isolates were obtained and there are total six different types of bacterial species were isolated. It involves Staphylococcus spp. (30.8 %), Streptococcus spp. (7.7%)), Bacillus spp. (11.5%), E. coli (34.6%), Proteus spp. {1.1%) and P. aeruginosa (1.1%). The most prevalent bacterial species found in trachea was E. coli. From 32 tonsillar samples, total 19 isolates were obtained and there are total six different types of bacterial species were isolated. It involves Staphylococcus spp. (15.8 %), Streptococcus spp. (15.8%), E. coli (15.8%o), Proteus spp. (15.8%), Klebsiella spp., (21.1%) and P. aeruginosa (15.8%)). The most prevalent bacterial species found in tonsil was Klebsiella spp. Molecular characterization of the isolates by PCR based method was applied for specific detection as well as detection of virulence associated and toxigenic genes.