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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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Subject: Veterinary Medicine × Author: Mandali, Ghanshyam C. × End date: 2015 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF PERIPARTURIENT DISEASES IN BUFFALOES
    (AAU, Anand, 1999) Mandali, Ghanshyam C.; Patel, P. R.
    This study was carried out from June, 1997 to May, 1998 on 612 buffaloes in the five villages of Anand district by visiting rural herds at monthly interval. The epidemiological data on periparturient disorders of these animals in relation to season, meteorological factors, physiological status, nutritional status, body condition score, housing pattern and hygienic condition were analysed. An attempt was also made to study some blood biochemical changes in various peripartiurient disorders of buffaloes and to work out ecomomics ofi these disorders. The incidence of various periparturient disorders observed in descending order was : retention of fetal membranes (8.66%), postpartum metritis (7.84%), subclinical mastitis (6.86%). clinical mastitis (5.56%), postpartum prolapse of genitalia (5.23%), milk fever (4.09%), clinical ketosis (2.29%). dystocia (2.12%) and prepartum prolapse of genitalia (1.14%). The monthly incidence of retention of fetal membranes, postpartum prolapse of genitalia, milk fever and dystocia was highest in August, whereas postpartum metritis, subclinical mastitis, clinical mastitis and clinical ketosis was highest in September and prepartum prolapse of genitalia in July. The season had significant effect on the incidence of metritis, mastitis and clinical ketosis being highest in monsoon. Amongst the breeds, the highest incidence of retained fetal membranes, mastitis, genital prolapse and milk fever was recorded in Surti buffaloes, whereas Mehsani buffaloes had highest incidence of clinical ketosis. Postpartum metritis and dystocia was recorded to be the highest in Murrah crosses and Jafarabadi breed, respectively. The breed differences were significant for the incidence of all disorders studied, except retention of fetal membranes, prepartum genital prolapse and milk fever. The lactation order had significant (P<0.05) effect only on the incidence of milk fever. The highest (36.00%) incidence of milk fever was observed in third lactation and that of retention of fetal membranes, mastitis, ketosis and dystocia in fourth lactation. During the fifth and sixth lactation, the highest incidence of genital prolapse and postpartum metritis, respectively, was recorded. The incidence of all these disorders tended to increase with increase in parity. The correlation coefficients (r) of relative humidity with retention of fetal membranes (0.710), pre- and postpartum genital prolapse (0.729 and 0.616) and milk fever (0.608), as well as of average rain-fall with retention of fetal membranes (0.574) were significant,, (P<0.05) and positive, whereas the correlations of bright sunshine hours with retention of fetal membranes (-0.701), milk fever (-0.507) and Prepartum genital prolapse (-0.814) were significantly (P<0.05) negative. Nutritional status and body condition score , had significant effect on the occurrence of all the periparturient disorders studied, except mastitis. The incidence of retained fetal membranes, postpartum metritis, genital prolapse, milk fever, clinical ketosis and dystocia being highest in buffaloes of poor nutritional status and poor body condition score groups as compared to fair or good categories. Housing pattern of buffaloes also had significant (P<0.01) effect on the occurrence of retention of fetal membranes, subclinical mastitis and milk fever. The highest occurrence of metritis, mastitis, milk fever and dystocia was recorded in buffaloes of open yard system, whereas, the incidence of genital prolapse and clinical ketosis was highest in pakka housing system and that of retention of fetal membranes in kachha housing. Hygienic condition of animals showed significant (P<0.01) effect on the occurrence of all periparturient disorders, except for prepartum prolapse of genitalia. The incidence of metritis, mastitis, prepartum prolapse, clinical ketosis and dystocia being highest for buffaloes kept under poor hygienic condition. However retention of fetal membranes, postpartum prolapse and milk fever was highest for buffaloes with fair hygienic condition. The least occurrence of all periparturient disorders was observed for animals kept under good hygienic condition. Amongst the biochemical parameters studied, the level of serum calcium was significantly (P<0.01) lower in cases of retention of fetal membranes, milk fever, and pre- and post- partum prolapse of genitalia than the normal healthy buffaloes. Whereas, blood glucose level was significantly lower for buffaloes with retention of fetal membranes and clinical ketosis compared to healthy ones. Inorganic phosphorus was also significantly lower in milk fever and prer and post-partum prolapse of genitalia. The serum LDH activity was significantly higher in buffaloes with retention of fetal membranes and milk fever as compared to healthy buffaloes. Similarly significantly (P<0.01) higher levels of serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase and ketone bodies were observed in milk fever and ketosis, respectively. The levels of magnesium and alkaline phosphatase however did not differ significantly between affected and healthy buffaloes. The per day treatment cost worked out for various periparturient disorders in buffaloes varied from Rs. 96 to 317. The highest per day treatment cost being for postpartum prolapse of genitalia (Rs. 317) and the lowest for postpartum metritis (Rs. 96). The average milk lost per buffalo per day was 1.2, 0.8, 2.86, 5.35, 2.57, 3.57, 2.4 and 1.24 liter for retention of fetal membranes, postpartum metritis, subclinical mastitis, clinical mastitis, postpartum prolapse, milk fever, clinical ketosis and dystocia, respectively. It amounted to total loss of Rs. 66,776 for various periparturient disorders. There is ample scope to apply the changing pattern towards medicine - production - ecology - extension approach at rural level to increase profitability of farmers to sustain dairy industry.