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Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

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20151
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Subject: Veterinary Medicine × Author: Chavda, Payal Kantibhai × Start date: 2011 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.V.Sc. ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Epidemiology, Haematobiochemistry and Therapeutic Management of Polioencephalomalacia in Goats
    (AAU, Anand, 2015) Chavda, Payal Kantibhai; Mandali, G. C.
    Disease is a major impediment against successful goat keeping. Goats are affected by various diseases including those caused by infectious bacteria, virus, fungi as well as by numerous non-infectious and metabolic disorders. Apart from diseases of other systems, very few diseases of nervous system of goats are treatable successfully. It is important to be able to recognize treatable diseases of the nervous system and to differentiate them from untreatable and globally important diseases. Polioencephalomalacia (PEM), also known as 'Cerebrocortical Necrosis' (CCN), is an important neiirologic disease of ruminants that is seen worldwide. Thiamine deficiency has been classically described as the cause of ruminant polioencephalomalacia. In the present study, a total of 43 goats were subjected to detailed clinical examinations which were suspected for PEM. A total of 43 whole blood samples and serum samples were collected. Forty three serum samples were screened for level of thiamine in affected goats using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Vitamin B] (VBi) (Cloud - Clone Corp.). Forty three peripheral blood smears were examined as a differential diagnosis from other diseases. Eighteen blood samples were subjected to analyze haematological parameters using Automatic Whole Blood Analyzer. Eightheen serum samples were subjected to analyze biochemical parameters using Clinical Chemistry Analyzer. Out of 43 goats included in the study, 23 (53.49%) goats were diagnosed positive for PEM (i.e., serum thiamine level below 50nmol/l) based on EnzymerLinked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kit for Vitamin B1. Retrospective analysis from the Data Bank at TVCC revealed an overall prevalence of 05.87 per cent of PEM in goats during period of one year, i.e., 2013-2014. The age-wise prevalence was higher among goats of 1-2 years of age (47.83%) followed by goats > 2 years of age (30.43%) and goats below 1 years of age (21.74%). Sex-wise prevalence per cent was higher in females (n=15; 65.22%) as compared to male (n=08; 34.78%). Breed-wise prevalence of PEM was high in Marwadi breed (39.13%)) and subsequently it was decrease in order to 30.43 per cent in Siirti breed, 17.39 per cent in Non-descript breed and 13.05 per cent in Ajmeri breed. The prevalence of PEM was recorded highest during the winter season (58.62%)) while it was lowest in summer season (03.45%,). The most significant clinical findings included nystagmus (73.90%), circling movement (52.16%), ataxia (47.83%)), recumbency (30.43%)), head pressing (26.09%), convulsion (21.74%), opisthotonos (17.38%), teeth grinding (17.38%) and star gazing posture (08.70%). Among various haematological parameters evaluated from 18 goats, PEM positive goats showed statistically non-significant differences in mean values of Hb, TEC, platelet count and PCV as compared to control group. Non-significant difference was observed in TLC counts of affected goats as compared to healthy ones. However, significant (P<0.05) neutrophilia and non-significant lyphocytopenia was found in affected goats compared to healthy goats. Among various RBC indices, non-significant differences were observed in values of MCV, MCHC and MCH in PEM positive goats compared to healthy ones. Statistically non-significant differences were observed in serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in PEM positive goats compared to healthy goats. However, the mean value of glucose was increased significantly (P<0.01) in goats affected with PEM than healthy ones. Statistically significant difference (P<0.01) was observed in level of thiamine (ELISA test) in PEM postive goats compared to healthy ones. Six clinically healthy goats were considered as control under group-A, while 18 goats with PEM were grouped into 3 groups, viz., Group-B, C and D with 06 goats in each group for evaluation of therapeutic management of PEM. Goats of group-B were treated with thiamine hydrochloride @ 10 mg/kg b.wt, IV and IM on next day; group-C affected goats were treated with thiamine hydrochloride @ 10 mg/kg b.wt., IV and IM on next day with dexamethasone @ 2-4 mg IM while, group-D affected goats with thiamine hydrochloride @ 10 mg/kg b.wt., IV and IM on next day along with mannitol @ 2 ml/kg BW, IV. Apart from this, goats under each group were received similar supportive therapy. Goats were evaluated for improvement in clinical health status for three consecutive days. Goats under each therapeutic group showed uneventful clinical improvement supported by decreased in glucose levels and increased levels of thiamine on 2nd day post-treatment based on ELISA.