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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON JUVENILE GROWTH RATE OF EIGHT DIFFERENT CROSSBREDS OF POULTRY DEVELOPED FOR RURAL AREAS(AAU, Anand, 2007) SONAWANE, JEEVAN PARASHARAM; KHANNA, KULDEEPThe different breeds used as female line to produce experimental crossbreds were AK, AP, K, F, NN, RIR and IWP strain of WLH whereas B was used as male line. The only reciprocal cross produced was RIR X B. Thus, a total of eight different crossbreds were evolved for the present study. Simultaneously purebred population of K, AK, AP, NN, F and RIR were produced and maintained in three replicate as a control for comparison. The crossbreds were compared among themselves for body weight, weight gain, total feed consumption, FCR, and mortality, heterosis, economics in terms of EPEI and crossbreds were also compared for body weight and weight gain with purebreed control of each crossbred. The results for reproduction traits revealed that percent fertility was higher in all purebreds as compared to their crossbreds whereas hatchability on TES and FES basis was found to be higher in all crossbreds as compared to their purebreds except in F. The BWLH and BF had higher fertility and hatchability on TES and FES basis as compared to other crossbreds. The results revealed significant (P < 0.01) difference between crossbreds and purebreds population for body weight and weight gain. Among the crossbreds genetic group had significant (P< 0.05) effect on body weight at all ages and sex had significant (P< 0.05) effect at 4, 6, 8 and 10 wks of age. The interaction of genetic group and sex was found to be significant (P< 0.05) for body weight at 4, 6, and 10 wk of age. The overall mean values for body weight showed that BF performed better sexwise as well as on combined sex. Among the crossbreds genetic group had significant (P< 0.05) effect on weight gain at all ages except for G7184 and sex also had significant (P< 0.05) effect at all ages except for GO 14. The interaction of genetic group and sex was found to be significant (P< 0.05) for body weight gain for GO 14 and G2942.0verall mean values of weight gain for BF were better as compared to other crossbreds. Percent heterosis for final body weight of different crossbreds was found to be maximum of BF (16.11) whereas BK showed negative (-3.96) heterosis while the percent increase in body weight of different crossbreds over parental female line was found to be ranged between 34.71 (BAK) to 43.54 (BK). Analysis of variance for total feed consumption revealed that genetic group had significant effect (P < 0.05) at all intervals except for TFC7184 and effect of sex was found to be non significant at all stages except for TFC098.On combined sex, lowest total feed consumption (kg) was observed in BAP (4.387) and highest was in RIRB (4.593) while lowest total feed consumption up to 70 days in male was observed in BAP (4.311) and highest was recorded in RIRB (4.616). Lowest total feed consumption up to 98 days in females was observed in BF (6.95) and highest was in RIRB (7.119).During 0-10 wk period on combined sex basis, the best converter of feed was found to be the BF (3.24) while the poorest converter of feed was the BK (4.27). During 0-10 wk period in males, the best converter of feed was found to be the BF (3.02) while the poorest converter of feed was the BK (4.01) whereas in females during 0-14 week period BF was the best converter of feed (3.67) and BK was the poorest feed converter (4.76). Analysis of variance for FCR revealed that genetic group had significant (P<0.05) effect at various intervals among various crossbreds and sex had significant (P < 0.05) effect at all intervals except for FCR014. The interaction between genetic group and sex was found to be significant (P < 0.05) only for FCR1528. During experimental period the BK, BAK and BF had no mortality whereas BRIR had highest (2.50 %) mortality up to 14wk age while in purebred control the percent mortality ranged from 3.33 (K) and 16.66 (AP). Economics in terms of European Performance Efficiency Index (EPEI) was calculated for each crossbred, lowest EPEI was observed in BK (34.85) and highest EPEI was observed in BF (60.11) whereas overall average in crossbred was 48.55.ThesisItem Open Access EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION OF ENZYMES ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BROILERS(AAU, Anand, 2007) SHARMA, NIRMAL; JOSHI, R. S.Four hundred straight run "Cobb-100" day-old commercial broiler chicks of same hatch procured from Charotar hatcheries, Pansora, Anand, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments viz. T1: Maize-soya control ration, T2: Enzyme supplemented maize-soya ration, T3: Alternative feed resource control ration and T4: Enzyme supplemented alternative feed resource ration. There were 100 chicks in each treatment having five replicates (20 chicks in each replicate). The iso-caloric and isonitrogenous experimental rations formulated for two phases of growth were: Broiler starter (0-4 weeks) and Broiler finisher (5-6 weeks). The crude protein and Metabolizable energy content of the broiler rations were decided keeping in view the genetic growth attained by "Cobb" during last fourteen years. The rations were fortified with adequate vitamin supplements and coccidiostats. The birds were reared in the cage system of housing during the entire experimental period. The average initial body weight of day old chicks of the four treatment groups i.e. T1, T2, T3 and T4 were 48.94±0.37, 47.47±0.41, 49.59±0.41 and 49.38±0.52 respectively that finally reached to 1416.14±21.98, 1415.56±14.57, 1442.29±14.67 and 1448.37±13.55 g, respectively in T1, T2, T3 and T4 at the end of six weeks. The treatment groups did not differ (P<0.05) from each other for body weights. The respective average body weight gain at the end of 4"' week for T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 677.56±8.95, 688.29±9.25, 694.33±8.52 and 701.47±7.17 g, respectively, while overall (0-6 week) average body weight gain was 1367.73±21.95, 1368.08±14.56, 1392.01±14.62 and 1398.99±13.56 g for treatments T1, T2, T3 and T4. The average weekly body weight gains during 1st, 2nd, 5th and 6th week were found to be highly significant (P< 0.01) than the control. The average feed consumption during (0-6 week) in T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups were 2809.53±3.86, 2840.47±7.22, 2797.61±7.01 and 2785.18±3.18 g respectively. The differences were found to be statistically (P<0.01) significant. The overall (0-6 weeks) average feed conversion ratio was 1.991±0.007, 2.025±0.008, 1.961±0.006 and 1.941±0.006 for T,, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The FCR was significantly (P<0.05) superior in treatment group T4 followed by T3, T1 and T2. The control group T1 has higher FCR over T2, whereas treatment T4 has superior FCR over the control T3 group. The average dressing percentage was 64.64±0.45, 63.19±0.68, 61.83±0.66 and 62.94±0.77 for T1, T2, T3 and T4 respectively. The average dressing percentage was significantly (P< 0.01) higher in treatment groups i.e. T1 and T2 (Maize-soya group), whereas lower in alternative feed resource group (T3 and T4). The dressing percentage is significantly (P< 0.01) higher in T2 (maize-soya plus enzyme) group over T4 (alternative feed plus enzyme) group. However, the average weights of the organ viz., liver, gizzard, heart and spleen were equal in all the treatment groups. The average % livability of birds for treatment T1, T2, T3 and T4 was 99, 100, 98 and 100 respectively. T2 and T4 group showed highest livability followed by T1 and T3. The European Performance Efficiency Index for treatment groups T1, T2, T3 and T4 during overall (0-6 week) was 163.56, 150.09, 167.49 and 171.52 (%).The EPEI value is higher in treatment group T4 (171.52) and lowest in treatment group T2 (150.09). The higher EPEI. values indicates higher average body weight, good livability and higher feed efficiency and thus gives the overall economics of T4 treatment group i.e. alternative feed resource with enzyme supplementation. The overall results of the study indicates that supplementation of enzymes helps in improving the production performance of broilers.ThesisItem Open Access “EFFECT OF ENZYME SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN COMMERCIAL BROILERS(Anand Agricultural University, 2007) Nirmal Sharma; Dr. R. S. JoshiFour hundred straight run “Cobb-100” day-old commercial broiler chicks of same hatch procured from Charotar hatcheries, Pansora, Anand, were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments viz. T1: Maize-soya control ration, T2: Enzyme supplemented maize-soya ration, T3: Alternative feed resource control ration and T4: Enzyme supplemented alternative feed resource ration. There were 100 chicks in each treatment having five replicates (20 chicks in each replicate). The iso-caloric and isonitrogenous experimental rations formulated for two phases of growth were: Broiler starter (0-4 weeks) and Broiler finisher (5-6 weeks). The crude protein and Metabolizable energy content of the broiler rations were decided keeping in view the genetic growth attained by “Cobb” during last fourteen years. The rations were fortified with adequate vitamin supplements and coccidiostats. The birds were reared in the cage system of housing during the entire experimental period.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON JUVENILE GROWTH RATE OF EIGHT DIFFERENT CROSSBREDS OF POULTRY DEVELOPED FOR RURAL AREAS(Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2007) SONAWANE JEEVAN PARASHARAM; Dr. Kuldeep KhannaThe different breeds used as female line to produce experimental crossbreds were AK, AP, K, F, NN, RIR and IWP strain of WLH whereas B was used as male line. The only reciprocal cross produced was RIR X B. Thus, a total of eight different crossbreds were evolved for the present study. Simultaneously purebred population of K, AK, AP, NN, F and RIR were produced and maintained in three replicate as a control for comparison. The crossbreds were compared among themselves for body weight, weight gain, total feed consumption, FCR, and mortality, heterosis, economics in terms of EPEI and crossbreds were also compared for body weight and weight gain with purebreed control of each crossbred