Thumbnail Image

Anand Agricultural University, Anand

Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.

Browse

2010 - 201823
Reset filters
Subject: Animal Genetics and Breeding × End date: 2018 × Start date: 2010 × Type: Thesis ×
Reset filters

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 23
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    “INVESTIGATION OF FACTORS AFFECTING SIRE CONCEPTION RATE (SCR) AND DAUGHTER PREGNANCY RATE (DPR) IN BUFFALO AND APPROPRIATE MODELS FOR ESTIMATION OF THEIR BREEDING VALUES
    (Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University, ANAND, 2018) Solanki Bhavesh R.; Dr. R.S. Joshi
    The present study on “Investigation of factors affecting service sire conception rate (SSCR) and daughter pregnancy rate (DPR) in buffalo and appropriate models for estimation of their breeding values” was undertaken in field condition in the villages of milk shed areas of Banas dairy, Banaskantha for identification of factors affecting SSCR. Questionnaire was used for identification of major factors affecting SSCR in the field, viz., AI technician, farmer and animal. A total of 500 records of insemination of Mehsani buffalo were collected from different villages of Banaskantha district for identification of factors.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    HIGH - THROUGHPUT GENOTYPE BASED POPULATION STRUCTURE ANALYSIS OF SELECTED BUFFALO BREEDS
    (Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University, Anand, 2018) Prakashji Thakor; Dr. C. G. Joshi
    A population structure study was performed in Indian buffalo populations using the Axiom® Buffalo Genotyping Array (90,000 SNPs). Blood samples were obtained from 280 female buffaloes from their respective home tract namely 1. Murrah (70), 2. Nili-Ravi (40), 3. Mehsana (75), 4. Jaffarabadi (41), 5. Banni (20) and 6. Pandharpuri (34). The average call rate was 98.58 per cent with 123,040 SNPs after genotyping. After removal of duplicates, markers of “0” chromosome and “X” chromosomes (38,219 SNPs), there were 84,820 markers (for 1-29 chromosomes) for further analysis. These markers further were filtered with missing genotypes (geno > 0.1) which removed 13,730 and none of individuals removed for low genotyping (mind > 0.1). There were 71,090 markers available for analysis. Furthermore discarded markers with lesser HWE values than 0.00001(10-5) which were 3,868 and 11,381 markers failed in missingness test. Finally, after filtration and quality control there were 69,571 remained for population structure analysis.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PREDICTION OF BODY WEIGHT BASED ON BODY MEASUREMENTS IN CROSSBRED CATTLE
    (Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2018) Patel Ashwiniben J.; Dr. D. N. Rank
    The present research work was carried out to develop models to predict body weight based on body measurements in crossbred cattle. Body weight and six body measurements; body length (BL), height at wither (HW), height at hip (HH), heart girth (HG), chest depth (CD) and width of hip (WH) were collected on 504 HF crossbred cattle from Livestock Research Station, AAU; Sarsa Heifer Farm – Amul Dairy, Anand; Ode Semen Station – Amul Dairy, Anand. All the data were grouped sex and age wise. Females were grouped into 0-6 M, 6-12 M, 1-2 Y, 2-4 Y, 4-6 Y and ˃6 Y age groups and males were grouped in 0-1 Y, 1-2 Y and ˃2 Y age groups.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EFFECT OF PERFPRMANCE RECORDING OF ANIMALS BY FARMERS THEMSELVES ON GENETIC EVALUATION OF SIRE OF HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CROSSBRED CATTLE
    (DEPARTMENT OF ANIMAL GENETICS AND BREEDING COLLEGE OF VETERINARY SCIENCE AND ANIMAL HUSBANDRY ANAND AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY ANAND, 2016) Panchal Dhara; Dr. R. S. Joshi
    EFFECT OF PERFPRMANCE RECORDING OF ANIMALS BY FARMERS THEMSELVES ON GENETIC EVALUATION OF SIRE OF HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CROSSBRED CATTLE
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SIRE EVALUATION USING TEST DAY RECORDS AND 305 DAY MILK YIELD IN FRIESWAL HERD AT DIFFERENT MILITARY DAIRY FARMS IN EASTERN INDIA
    (Department of Animal Genetics & Breeding College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry Anand Agricultural University Anand, 2016) Parineeta Kakati; Dr. D. N. Rank
    The data for the present investigation were obtained from the performance records of 1249 Frieswal cattle daughters of 71 sires maintained at three Military Farms viz. Guwahati, Dimapur and Bengdubi of Assam, Nagaland and West Bengal states respectively of Eastern Command. The data distributed over a period of 13 years from 2000-2012, were used to estimate least-squares means of three traits viz. lactation length (LL), 305-day milk yield (305-DY) and calving interval (CI). The age at first calving (AFC) was considered as covariable. Effect of farm, parity, type of calving, period of birth and season of birth were investigated on these three traits by least-squares (LS) method.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    EXPRESSION PROFILING, SNP DETECTION AND VALIDATION IN SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF HORN IN KANKREJ CATTLE (Bos indicus) USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING
    (AAU, Anand, 2014) KORINGA, PRAKASHKUMAR G.; Joshi, Chaitanya G.
    Horn cancer is a widely prevalent cancer amongst Kankrej cattle (Bos indicus) seen sporadically, especially in case of working class of castrated male animals i.e. bullocks. A transcriptome envisaged characterization as well as correlation to known genomic changes such as structural and copy number alterations, focused ins/dels and single nucleotide mutations. Here, we employed high throughput RNA-seq using GS-FLX Titanium for characterization and comparison of normal and cancerous horn transcriptome in Bos indicus. A total of 909,362 reads with average read length of 405bp for horn cancer (HC) and 583,491 reads with average read length of 411bp for horn normal (HN) were obtained by sequencing gene transcripts derived from HC and HN tissues. Assembled data were analyzed for identifying novel as well as differentially expressed transcripts using CLC Genome Workbench. RNA-seq analysis using different bioinformatics pipelines and software identified differentially expressed genes i.e. upregulation of KRT6A, KRT6B, KRT6C, KRT14, SFN, KRT84, PI3, CAl, C0L17A1, ANLN, SERPINB5 etc., as well as down-regulation of NR4A1, FOSB, LRIGl, BOLA, SCGBIAI, CXCL17, KRT19, BPIFBl, NR4A1 and TFF3 etc., in HC tissues. The signaling pathway investigation in this study revealed many of the cancer related pathways which mainly include cell cycle regulation pathways, p53 tumor suppressor pathways, NFKB and MAPKs pathways, LPS signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt pathways. The resuh of transcriptome expression profiling was validated using RT-qPCR in nine randomly selected genes. It revealed concordance of gene expression profile with RNA-seq analysis. We also used transcriptome data to elucidate complexity of the alternative splicing in HC transcriptome. We identified potential candidate splice variants that might be helpful in development of relevant biomarkers for early diagnosis of HC. The fiiture studies targeted at in depth characterization of these potential candidate splice variants might change the currently used clinical approaches. Herein we characterized global landscape of alternative splicing events exhibited by pair of HC and HN tissue and confirmed selected alternative splicing events with significant association to HC by RT-qPCR. Ine analysis of the same RNA-seq data using SeqMan Pro Version 10.0.0 resulted in to a 9532 and 7065 SNPs as well as 1171 and 1172 Indels in HC and HN, respectively. Out of total, 7889 SNPs and 1736 Indels uniquely present in HC, 5886 SNPs and 1146 Indels uniquely present in HN are novel and reported first time in Bos indicus, whereas rest are already reported in Bos taurus dbSNP database at NCBI. The gene-associated SNPs and Indels were high in upregulated genes of HC as compared to HN tissues. SNPs identified in RNA-seq analysis were validated in fiirther studies in two groups consisting of 50 animals each of HC and HN bullocks. DNA from HC tissue and blood of HN individual was extracted and 96 pairs of primers were used to generate amplicons of an average 300bp to get sequenced using Ion Torrent PGM. The resulting reads were assembled using SeqMan N Gen of DNASTAR and data were analyzed using Arraystarll. Case control analysis was carried out to find SNP significantly associated with HC. SNP at position 63251805 (dBSNP ID rsl36870681) identified in BPIFAl can serve as a potential candidate genetic marker in HC. The SNPs and Indels identified in this study will be useful resource for future studies to understand genetic basis for phenotypic variation between Bos taurus and Bos indicus as well as cancers in animals. A very large number of SNPs are essential for the designing and construction of arrays. SNPs identified in this study will enrich the dbSNP database of NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/projects/SNP/) and will be useful resource for array designing. This study is the first attempt to reveal novel transcripts, differentially expressed genes as well as identification and validation of SNPs using digital expression analysis in Bos indicus and provides novel insights into bovine transcriptome. Our study will serve as a step further in detailed characterization of HC transcriptome and provide firm base to explore and mitigate HC at finer resolution. The present findings would provide basis for further screening of genes and identification of markers for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention of HC.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC STUDY OF PARTIAL AND FULL RECORD OF TWO STRAINS OF WHITE LEGHORN CHICKEN
    (AAU, Anand, 2013) Meshram, Anushree Yuwraj; Joshi, R. S.
    The present study was undertaken to investigate inheritance and association of various economic traits in IWN and IWP strains of White Leghorn which has completed nine generations of Osborne Index selection for improvement of egg production. A total of 849 and 862 pullets of IWN and IWP strains, were generated by mating of 50 sires and 300 dams of each of the two strains and were maintained under All India Coordinated Research Project on Poultry Breeding at the Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science and Animal husbandry, Anand Agricultural University Anand. Various traits like body weight (BW) in g at 16, 20, 40, 56, 64 and 72 weeks of age, age at first egg (AFE) in days, total egg number produced up to 40, 56, 64 and 72 weeks of age (TEN), egg weight (EW) in g at 28, 40, 56, 64 and 72 week of age, total egg mass produced up to 40, 56, 64 and 72 weeks (TEM) in kg, feed consumption per dozen of egg (FCDE) produced (kg) and feed consumption per kilo of eggs (FCKE) produced (kg) upto various stages were measured for estimation of Least Squares Means (LSMs), heritability (h2), genetic and phenotypic correlations and genetic gain in the egg production . [The least squares means for body weight (g) at 16, 20, 40, 56, 64 and 72 weeks of age were 978.21 ± 7.00, 1250.47 ± 4.55, 1412.59 ± 7.93, 1462.98 ± 9.41, 1477.26 ± 6.81 and 1526.05 ± 9.60g for IWN strain and 1000.84 ± 5.61, 1280.41 ± 6.14, 1483.76 ± 8.48, 1543.62 ± 9.94, 1534.44 ± 10.97 and 1616.10 ± 12.82g for IWP strain, respectively. The body weight at all stages were significantly (P<0.05) higher in IWP strain as compared to IWN strain. Least squares means for AFE (days) were found to be 134.50 ± 0.78 and 138.13 ± 0.59 days in IWN and IWP strains, respectively. Age at first egg was significantly earlier (P<0.05) in IWN than IWP strain.) The LSMs for total egg number produced up to 40, 56, 64 and 72 weeks of age were 119.26 ± 1.03, 210.51 ± 1.03, 251.75 ± 1.56 and 286.39 ± 1.42 eggs in IWN and 115.55 ± 0.79, 205.69 ± 1.33, 243.59 ± 1.35 and 277.70 ± 1.53 eggs in IWP strain, respectively. IWN strain has produced significantly (P<0.05) more eggs number than IWP strain during all stages. The least squares means for egg weight (g) at 28, 40, 56, 64 and 72 weeks of age were 44.84 ± 0.15, 50.36 ± 0.13, 51.68 ± 0.15, 51.62 ± 0.13 and 52.01 ± 0.12g for IWN strain and 46.26 ± 0.12, 52.52 ± 0.12, 53.48 ± 0.15, 53.57 ± 0.15 and 54.51 ± 0.14g for IWP strain, respectively. The mean egg weight recorded at all ages were significantly (P<0.05) higher in IWP strain as compared to IWN strain. The least squares means for egg mass (kg) upto 40, 56, 64 and 72 weeks of age were 6.002 ± 0.048, 10.909 ± 0.062, 12.997 ± 0.082 and 14.893 ± 0.072 kg in IWN strain while 6.061 ± 0.038, 10.986 ± 0.695, 13.040 ± 0.076 and 14.638 ± 0.083 kg in IWP stain, respectively. The LSMs for feed consumed to produce a dozen of eggs (kg) were 1.718 ± 0.016 , 1.782 ± 0.011, 1.804 ± 0.012 and 1.864 ± 0.011 kg in IWN strain whereas 1.735 ± 0.140, 1.784 ± 0.012, 1.842 ± 0.012 and 1.895 ± 0.012 kg in IWP strain during the period of 21- 40, 21-56, 21-64 and 21-72 weeks of age, respectively. The LSMs for feed consumption per kilo of egg up to 40, 56 ,64 and 72 week of age were 2.850 ± 0.026, 2.874 ± 0.221, 2.921 ± 0.020 and 2.995 ± 0.017 kg in IWN and 2.758 ± 0.020, 2.785 ± 0.018, 2.873 ± 0.019 and 3.011 ± 0.019 kg in IWP strain, respectively. No significance difference have been observed between two strains for egg mass and feed consumption either per dozen or kilo of egg produced. Heritability estimates for BW at different ages varies in magnitude from low to high in IWN strain and IWP strain. The estimate of heritability for AFE was high in IWN strain while of moderate magnitude in IWP strain. Heritability estimates were high in IWN strain and lower to moderate magnitude in IWP strains for egg number. Heritability estimates of egg weight at all stages were low to moderate in both the strains. Whereas, the h2 estimates of egg mass shown higher to lower magnitude as the age advanced. Inheritance of feed efficiency trait (FC/DE and FC/KE) has shown erratic trend from higher to lower in IWN strain while it was moderate in IWP strain. Genetic and phenotypic associations of AFE with TEN were found negative and high in magnitude. The genetic correlation of AFE with TEN in IWN strain was beyond parametric range which might be due to sampling error. Association of TEN and BW at various stages were positive and high in magnitude suggesting unfavourable trend in IWN strain while they were negative and varied in magnitude suggesting favourable trend in IWP strain. The genetic association of TEN with EW at various stages was in general negative and moderate to high in magnitude in both the strain. Genetic and phenotypic correlations of TEN with TEM were all positive at each stage and high in magnitude and many were found beyond the parametric range. Correlation between the TEN and FCDE and FCKE were negative which is favourable in direction and high in magnitude at all stages. Genetic correlations between age at first egg and egg weights at different ages were, in general, positive and showed increasing trend from low to high with advancement in age in IWN strain, where as they were positive and high in IWP strain. Genetic association of AFE with BW was negative in both strains indicates low body weight at time of housing increases the age at sexual maturity. Phenotypic correlations shown erratic trend of weakly positive or negative association found in both strain. Genetic association of AFE with other traits such as egg mass, feed consumption per dozen of egg and per kilo of egg in general were negative and high in magnitude Expected genetic gain was highest at 64 weeks age in IWN strain and at 56 weeks age in IWP strain. High relative efficiency to get maximum genetic gain for egg numbers produced was found at 40 weeks of age in both the strain, therefore selection on the basis of 40 weeks egg production seems to be most efficient in improving annual production than direct selection for annual records.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    GENETIC EVALUATION OF SIRES USED IN FRIESWAL HERD AT DIFFERENT MILITARY DAIRY FARMS IN INDIA
    (AAU, Anand, 2015) KUNDU, SUMANA; JOSHI, R. S.
    A total of 1217 lactation records of 384 daughters sired by 73 bulls from 1999- 2013, collected from Military Dairy Farms viz. Ahmednagar, Deolali and Pimpri of Southern Command of MDF were analysed to compare various sire evaluation methods for Calving Interval (CI), Lactation Length (LL), Standard Lactation Period Yield (SLPY). Effect of Herd, Genetic Group, Season of Calving, Period of Birth and Parity were investigated on these three traits by Least Square Method. Sire evaluation was done using conventional index viz. Simple Daughter Average index, Least Squares method (LS), Best Linear Unbiased Prediction (BLUP) method and Average Information Restricted Maximum Likelihood (AIREML) method. Least square means for the three traits along with the effect of the factors on the traits and Breeding Values of the Sires were determined considering AFC as covariable. Genetic Parameters for the traits were also estimated along with their Genetic and Plienotypic correlation from LS method. Spearman's rank con'elations among the breeding values by each method were estimated. BLUP and AIREML models were constructed using univariate models, multivariate models (including AIREML repeatability Model) (based on all lactation records) using the three traits in possible combinations and AFC as covariable. Criteria for comparison of all the models involved error variances to measure the efficiency of models. Additionally, coefficients of detennination (%) i.e. R2 values and coefficients of variation (CV %) were used to measure the accuracy and stability of models, respectively for linear fixed and mixed models (LS, BLUP and AIREML). The least squares means for. Calving Interval (CI), Lactation Length (LL) and Standardized Lactation Period Yield (SLPY) were 434.53±14.97 Days, 320.74±10.23 and 3090.16±203.16 kg respectively. Most efficient model for CI was Bias evident from error variance 1819.56 Day2. The most efficient model for LL was B12 with error variance 1410 Day2. The most efficient model for SLPY was B13 with error variance 228331.18 Kg2. Amongst all models for CI, LS had lowest R2 value 8.5%. Where B13 was the m.ost accurate model with 38.12% R2 value. For LL, the most accurate method was considered as B2 with 44% R2 value in comparison to 10.3% in LS and 40% in A2 method. For SLPY, the B23 shown to have highest R2 value as 57% where AIREML showed up to 53% in case of A123 model.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of IGF-I, IGF-II, OCX-32 and PRL gene Polymorphism on Feed Consumption and Egg production in Bantamised White Leghorn Birds
    (AAU, Anand, 2011) KHAN, ANIS A.; JOSHI, R. S.
    The feeding trail on individual basis was carried out on two hundred and fifty six females of Bantamised White Leghorn birds during 46 to 56 weeks of age at Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary Science and A.H., Anand. Various production traits viz. AFE, Egg production (EN46-56 and TEN72), Egg weight (EW46-56, EW32, EW40, EW64 and EW72), Body weight (BW20, BW20, BW40, BW64 and BW72), were recorded on individual birds. On the basis of feed consumption and egg production during 46-56 weeks the birds were categorized i.e., High feed consumption and High egg production (HH), High feed consumption and Low egg production (HL), Low feed consumption and High egg production (LH) and Low feed consumption and Low egg production (LL) groups. Total 78 birds (20 birds from each group with 18 birds in HL group) were utilized for the present study. Blood DNA was extracted from these 78 birds by John's method with some modification. Chicken gene specific primers were used for amplification of IGF-I, IGF-II, OCX-32 ex2, OCX-32 ex4 and PRL genes loci. Amplified PCR product of IGF-I, IGF-II, OCX-32 ex2 and OCX-32 ex4 genes were digested with Hinfl, NlaIII, HpyCH4IV and Ncol RE, respectively for RFLP analysis. whereas, amplified PCR product of PRL gene was directly run on agarose gel for checking 24 bp indel. Polymorphic pattern were found in IGF-I, IGF-II, OCX-32 ex2 and OCX-32 ex4 genes. Only two genotypes BB and AB were observed for IGF-U/Hinfl. Genotypic frequency of BB and AB genotypes were 0.80 and 0.20 in HH, 0.83 and 0.17 in HL, 0.75 and 0.25 in LH, 0.85 and 0.15 in LL groups, respectively for IGF-I gene. For IGF-ll/Nlalll genotypic frequencies of AA, BB and AB genotypes were 0.10, 0.60 and 0.30 in HH, 0.11, 0.22 and 0.67 in HL, 0.35, 0.20 and 0.45 in LH, 0.20, 0.35 and 0.15 in LL groups. For OCX-32 ex2/HpyCH4IV genotypic frequencies of AA, BB and AB genotypes were 0, 0.35 and 0.65 in HH, 0.11, 0.61 and 0.28 in HL, 0, 0.65 and 0.35 in LH, 0.05, 0.70 and 0.25 in LL groups, while for OCX-32 ex4/NcoIit was 0.15, 0.50 and 0.35 in HH, 0.22, 0.56 and 0.22 in HL, 0.05, 0.55 and 0.40 in LH, 0.45, 0.30 and 0.25 in LL group. For PRL gene only II genotype was observed and hence the allelic frequencies of I and D alleles were 1.0 and 0 respectively. Significant (p<0.05) variability was observed for feed consumption and egg production during 46-56 weeks of age in Bantamised White Leghorn birds. Polymorphism was found at IGF-I, IGF-II, OCX-32 ex2 and OCX-32 ex4 loci, while PRL locus was monomorphic. In IGF-II, AA and BB genotypes had significantly (p<0.05) higher EN46-56 as compared to AB genotype, suggesting in heterozygous condition birds had given less egg production. Significant (p<0.05) association of IGF-II genotypes was observed with DFC46-56, FCE46-56, BW20, BW40, BW64 and BW72. BB and AB genotypes had significantly (p<0.05) higher DFC46-56 as compared to AA genotype, suggesting B allele had favorable effect on feed consumption, egg production and weight gain. Also EW46-56 was significantly (p<0.05) higher for BB and AB genotype as compared to AA genotype in IGF-II. For OCX-32 ex2 EN46-56 and TEN72 were significantly (p<0.05) higher for AB and BB genotype as compared to AA genotype. While for OCX-32 ex4 EN46-56, TEN72 and DFC46-56 were significantly (p<0.05) higher for BB and AB genotype as compared to AA genotype, suggesting B allele had favorable effect on egg production and feed consumption. Groups were differed significantly (p<0.05) for almost all traits in all genes except PRL gene. Group X Genotype interaction were non significant for all traits in IGF-I, IGF-II, OCX-32 ex2 and OCX-32 ex4 genes.