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Anand Agricultural University, Anand
Anand Agricultural University (AAU) was established in 2004 at Anand with the support of the Government of Gujarat, Act No.(Guj 5 of 2004) dated April 29, 2004. Caved out of the erstwhile Gujarat Agricultural University (GAU), the dream institution of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel and Dr. K. M. Munshi, the AAU was set up to provide support to the farming community in three facets namely education, research and extension activities in Agriculture, Horticulture Engineering, product Processing and Home Science. At present there seven Colleges, seventeen Research Centers and six Extension Education Institute working in nine districts of Gujarat namely Ahmedabad, Anand, Dahod, Kheda, Panchmahal, Vadodara, Mahisagar, Botad and Chhotaudepur
AAU's activities have expanded to span newer commodity sectors such as soil health card, bio-diesel, medicinal plants apart from the mandatory ones like rice, maize, tobacco, vegetable crops, fruit crops, forage crops, animal breeding, nutrition and dairy products etc. the core of AAU's operating philosophy however, continues to create the partnership between the rural people and committed academic as the basic for sustainable rural development. In pursuing its various programmes AAU's overall mission is to promote sustainable growth and economic independence in rural society. AAU aims to do this through education, research and extension education. Thus, AAU works towards the empowerment of the farmers.
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ThesisItem Open Access BIOLOGY AND CONTROL MEASURES OF BROWN SCALE, SAISSETIA COFFEAE WALKER ( HOMOPTERA : COCCIDAE) ON POINTED GOURD (TRICHOSANTHES DIOICA ROXB.)(AAU, Anand, 1986) VALAND, VITTHALBHAI M.; Patel, R. C.The biology and control measures of brown scale, Saissatia coffeae Wlk. (Homoptera : Coccidae) on pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) were studied. This scale is recorded for the first time as pest on pointed gourd on vines, leaves and at times on fruits in Gujarat State. It reproduces partnenogenetically and completes development through three instars. The eggs measured 0.212 ± 0.0096 mm. In length and 0.119 ± 0.006 mm. In breadth. The first, second and third instar measured on an average 0.31 ± 0.02, 1.521 ± 0.091 and 3.021 ± 0.144 mm. In length and 0.18 ± 0.1, 1.126 ± 0.101 and 2.427 ± 0.225 mm. in length and 2.093 ± 0.187 mm. In breadth. Maximum incubation period of eggs at 60% relative humidity and 24°C was 12.91 days.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON BIOMETRICAL ANALYSIS, GROWTH AND LIFE TABLES OF Heliothis armigera Hubner (LEPIDOPTERA : NOCTUIDAE) ON DIFFERENT HOSTS(AAU, Anand, 1984) Koshiya, Durlabhbhai Jivrajbhai; Patel, H. K.Investigations on biometrical analysis, growth and life tables of Heliothis armigera Hubner on different hosts via,, chickpea, cotton, groundnut, tobacco and wheat were carried out during 1980 to 1983 at the Department of Entomology, B.A.College of Agriculture, Anand either in Laboratory or under field conditions, Studies on biometrical analysis were carried out to test the applicability of Dyar's law to the larvae of H. arimigera, when reared on different hosts. The measurements of head capsule width (mm) of the larvae fall into five well defined groups, when the larvae were fed on chickpea, cotton, tobacco and wheat,whereas six distinct groups were recognised on groundnut at a constant temperature of 26 ± 1°c.ThesisItem Open Access STUDIES ON WHITE GRUBS (HOLOTRICHIA SPP.) AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES IN GUJARAT(AAU, Anand, 1988) PATEL, VIRENDRA G.; Yadav, D. N.The studies on biology of three species of white grub viz./ Holotrichia consanguinea Blanch., H. serrata P. and H. fregei Mittel were made at average temperatures of 22.15 to 35.26°C and 58 to 87 per cent RH. In addition to this, their population density and natural enemies were also studied during 1985, 1986 and 1987. The pest was observed to aestivate in its adult stage and emerge during June between 7.45 to 8.00 p.m. after first heavy showers. Their emergence was largely governed by the amount of rainfall. Rainfall of 5 to 50 mm was sufficient to trigger emergence of the adults. The most emergence took place during first fifteen days of the monsoon showers. The adults after emergence fly to the near by host trees such as neem, drumstick and ber, where they mate, feed on leaves and then return to soil before dawn for oviposition. The emerging pattern, feeding, mating and ovipositing behaviour of all the three species was observed to be similar. The difference was only in respect to fecundity, larval duration and adult longevity.ThesisItem Open Access BIONOMICS AND CONTROL MEASURES OF PADDY ROOT WEEVIL, Hydronomidius molitor, Faust. (CURCULIONIDAE : COLEOPTERA )(AAU, Anand, 1987) PATEL, V. S.; CHARI, M. S.The studies on the bionomics and control measures of paddy root weevil, Hydronomidius molitor, Faust, were carried out during 1981, 1982 and 1983, The life history studies indicated that the weevil lays eggs singly in the soil, under water, in the vicinity of transplanted seedling. The incubation period of the egg varies from 3 to 4 days. The hatching percentage ranges from 78.00 to 93.00 depending upon temperature. The optimum temperature required for hatching is 32°C. There are four larval instars for this insect. The length and width of the head and durations of all the instars are recorded. There are six pairs of tubercles present on the dorsal side of the abdomen from 4th to 9th segment in all the instars. The spiracles located at the tip of these tubercles will help in respiration as these are directly connected to the dorsal trachea. The larval period varies from 96.44 to 110.50 days depending upon the maximum and minimum temperatures. The larvae feed on the roots and rootlets of young rice plants, as a result of which the infested plants fail to put: forth any new tillers and remain stunted. Pupation takes place in the soil in an earthen cocoon formed by the full-grown larva. The pupa measures 4.49 and 2.13 mm in length and width respectively. The pupal duration varies from 10.75 to 13.60 days and decreases with increase in temperature. The detailed description of adult weevil, both male and female is made. Presence of pterothorax and elytra is confirmed. The hind wings are absent. Female is bigger than male. Mouth parts are biting type and situated at the tip of the rostrum which is longer in female. The antenna is geniculate with a globose and spongy club. The three pairs of legs are prominent, well demarcated and articulate with ball and socket joints. The abdomen is long, elongate, sub-cylindrical and cryptogastarn type with seven segments. The alimentary canal is long and coiled in the abdomen. The gizzard is well developed and there are six malpighian tubules. Reproductive system in both male and female is well developed. The adult, usually, mates only once but occasionally two matings are also noticed. Mating usually takes place during day time. But when artificial light is provided, it can occur even during night. A single female usually lays 1-2 eggs per day at different intervals. Totally it can lay upto 26 eggs during its entire oviposition period of 20 to 23 days. The adult can swim in water and pass from plant to plant in search of food. They nibble the outer epidermis of the leaf. Longevity of the adult is 3-4 weeks There is a long resting stage during winter, followed by summer months. The larvae hibernate in the soil from October to April. Pupation starts during May and with the onset of monsoon showers during June 1st week the adults start emerging. The pest takes eleven months to complete its life cycle. .There is only one generation in an year. Eventhough five weed plants viz. Same, Dharo, Satodo, Jawashia and Nali are recorded as alternate host plants for the adult weevil, the larvae preferred only Samo and Satodo. The extent of infestation to the paddy crop in Kheda district ranged from 27.58 to 77.27 per cent, while in Ahmedabad district it was upto 83.83 per cent. Of the 225 paddy cultures tested, only 8 were found to be tolerant to this pest. Among different cultural methods tested for the control of the larvae, draining away the water from the plots and delaying reflooding was effective. The insecticidal trial indicated that the grubs can effectively be controlled by the application of any one of the following granular insecticides, i.e. carbofuran 3 G, phorate 10 G, mephosfolan 5 G, aldicarb 10 G, sevidol 4 G @1kg a.i./ha. The bioassay test on adult weevils indicated that phosphamidon 0.05%, fenitrothion 0.05%, monocrotophos 0.04%, BHC 50% WP 0.2%, carbaryl 50% WP 0.2%, endosulfan 0.05%, chlorpyrifos 0.05% are all effective having recorded more than 90% mortality of adults within 48 hours.ThesisItem Open Access THE ASSESSMENT OF THE INHERENT VULNERABILITY OF WHEAT VARIETIES TO POST HARVEST INFESTATION BY TROGODERMA GRANARIUM EVERTS AND RHIZOPERTHA DOMINICA FAB. UNDER VARIOUS ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS(AAU, Anand, 1983) PATEL, MAGANLAL A.; PATEL, H. K.studies on the assessanent of inherent vulnerability o£ various high yielding wheat varieties (J-l-7, J-18, J-24, J-40, RAJ-911, Lok-1, WH-147, A-28, A-206 Kalyansona and Sonalika popularly grown in Gujarat State) to post harvest infestation by T. granarium and R. dominica were conducted at twelve combinations of temperature (25°, 30° and 35°C) and relative humidity (45, 60, 75 and 85 per cent) during 1980-82 at Anand (Gujarat). The studies revealed that maximum number of eggs were laid at 35°C temperature and 60 per cent relative humidity and 30°C temperature and 75 per cent relative humidity by T. granarium and R. dominica respectively. Poor oviposition was observed at 25 °C temperature and 45 per cent relative humidity by T. oranarium and at 25° or 35°C temperature and 45 per cent relative humidity by R. dominica. Rich oviposition was recorded in Sonalika, J-24, Lok-1 and J-40 by T. granarium and in RAJ-911, J-40, J-1-7, J-18, Kalyansona and sonalika by R. dominica. The temperature of 35°C was found quite optimum, while relative humidity of 60 per cent and 75 per cent respectively was found highly suitable for the growth and development of T. granarium and R. dominica. Wheat varieties Sonalika, Kalyansona, J-1-7 and J-18 were highly preferred and A-206 and A-28 were least suitable for the growth and development of both the insects. At 25°C temperature none of the larvae of T. granarium pupated even after five months. Studies on relative susceptibility of wheat varieties showed that Sonalika was the most susceptible and A-28 and A-206 were the least susceptible to the attach of both the insects. The observations on correlation between the pitysicochemical values of the variety and the level of susceptibility indicated that there was a positive correlation between protein and gluten content of a variety and level of susceptibility to T. granarium. Similarly positive correlation was observed between gluten content and level of susceptibility to R. dominica. Negative correlation was found between the pelshenke value and level of susceptibility to R. dominica. The loss in weight in different varieties due to T. granarium and R. dominica at optimum environmental conditions ranged from 1.52 to 18.93 and 3.40 to 27.18 per cent respectively. Maximum and minimum weight loss was observed in Sonalika and A-28 varieties respectively. Weight loss in each variety was related to the size of the insect population that developed in the variety. Studies on loss in viability Showed that with the increase in the infestation period by both the insects increase in loss in viability was observed in all the varieties. After 35 days of infestation by both the pests significant loss in viability than the normal germination was observed in almost all the varieties except A-28.