Thumbnail Image

Thesis

Browse

 Reset filters

Settings

Subject: Agronomy ×

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 299
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of dhaincha for seed production and relay yard long bean under spatio-temporal variation in planting
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Dwibedi, Suchismita; Behera, Basudev; Paikaray, R.K; Dwibedi, S.K.; Panda, N.; Panda, R.K.
    The field experiment entitled “Performance of dhaincha for seed production and relay yard long bean under spatio-temporal variation in planting” was conducted at Agronomy Main Research Station, OUAT, Bhubaneswar during kharif 2019 and rabi 2019-20. The soil at the experimental site was sandy clay loam. The treatments comprising five dates of planting dhainchaviz.D1-onset of monsoon, D2-one week after onset of monsoon, D3-two weeks after onset of monsoon, D4-three weeks after onset of monsoon and D5-four weeks after onset of monsoon allocated to main plots and three row spacing viz. S1-80 cm, S2-120 cm and S3-160cm allotted to sub plotswere tried in split plot design with three replications. Yard long bean(Bodi) was planted as a relay crop before the final harvest of dhaincha. Both date of planting and row spacing influenced seed yield of dhaincha significantly. Planting on 13th June gave the maximum seed yield of 1.03 t/ha and planting on 20th June gave statistically similar seed yield. Planting beyond 20th June decreased the seed yield of dhaincha significantly. Planting on 27th June, 3rd July and 10th July decreased seed yield by 29%, 40% and 42%, respectively compared to 13th June planting. Among row spacings, row spacing of 80cm gave the maximum seed yield of 0.96 t/ha. Row spacing of 120 and 160cm recorded significantly less seed yield. Row spacing of 120 and 160cm reduced seed yield by 18 and 34%, respectively. Interaction effects of date of planting and row spacing on seed yield of dhaincha were significant. Planting dhaincha on 13th June at row spacing of 120cm and planting dhaincha at row spacing of 80and 120cm recorded statistically similar seed yield. All other combinations of date of planting and row spacing were inferior compared planting on 13th June at row spacing of 80cm. Two early dates of planting were at par for system equivalent yield and further delay in planting reduced dhaincha seed equivalent yield of the system. The closer spacing of 80 cm recorded the maximum system equivalent yield. The 1st date of planting with 80 cm row spacing recorded the maximum of 3.06 t dhaincha seed equivalent yield of the system. The 1stdate of planting with 120 cm row spacing and the 2 nd date of planting with 80 and 120 cm row spacing were at par. The interaction effects of date of planting and row spacing were significant for system net return. The first date of planting with closer spacing of 80 cm recorded the system net return of Rs.96.17 x 103 ha-1.The 1st date of planting with all the three spacings and the 2nd date of planting with 80 cm row spacing recorded the statistically similar net return.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Crop demand driven site specific nitrogen management in rainfed kharif rice
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Baral, Subhasis; Paikaray, R. K.; Behera, B.; Mishra, K. N.
    A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2019 at Agronomy Main Research Station, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar to study “Crop demand driven site specific nitrogen management in rainfed kharif rice”. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design replicated thrice with ten treatments viz. T1-Blanket recommended N (80kg N/ha in 3 splits), T2-Soil test based N (3 splits), T3-20kg N/ha basal + 20 kg N/ha at SPAD ≤ 35, T4-20 kg N/ha basal + 20 kg N/ha at LCC ≤ 3, T5-20 kg N/ha basal + 30 kg N/ha tillering + 20 or 30 kg N/ha at PI at SPAD ≥ 35 or SPAD ≤ 35, T6-20 kg N/ha basal + 30 or 40 kg N/ha at tillering at SPAD ≥ 35 or SPAD ≤35 + 20 or 30 kg N/ha at PI at SPAD ≥ 35 or SPAD ≤ 35, T7-20 kg N/ha basal + 30 kg N/ha at tillering + 20 or 30 kg N/ha at PI at LCC ≥ 3 or LCC ≤ 3, T8-20 kg N/ha basal + 30 or 40 kg N/ha at tillering at SPAD ≥ 35 or SPAD ≤ 35 + 20 or 30 kg N/ha at PI at LCC ≥ 3 or LCC ≤ 3, T9-Control (no nitrogen) and T10-Blanket incubated recommended N (3 splits with 50 kg FYM/ha). The soil of the experimental plot was loamy sand with pH 6.2, organic carbon 0.57%, EC 0.125dsm 1 , available N 168.2kg/ha, available phosphorus 25.3kg/ha and available potassium 193.8kg/ha. The crop variety tested was “Hasanta”. The study revealed that basal application of 20 kg N/ha alongwith 30 kg N/ha at tillering at SPAD ≥ 35 + 20 kg N/ha at panicle initiation at SPAD ≥ 35 (T6) produced the significantly higher seed yield of 4632 kg/ha which was at par with T8, T7, T5 and T3 where in total of 80 kg N/ha was applied for each. This indicated a saving of 10 kg N/ha with maximum recorded yield in T6. At this level of production and nitrogen management in T6, the crop removed 88.1 kg N/ha and recorded higher agronomic N use efficiency (34.4 kg grain/ kg N applied), more N recovery (58.4%) higher partial factor productivity of N (66.1 kg grain/ kg N applied), maximum net return (Rs. 42,125/ha) and higher benefit-cost ratio (1.91) in comparison to other treatments. Very little improvement in soil available N and P while depletion of available K were noticed in that treatment.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Response of sunflower hybrids to boron
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Tella, Sneha Sandhya; Mahapatra, Anita; Paikaray, R.K.; Behera, Basudev; Jena, Satyananda; Jena, Bandita
    A field experiment was conducted during summer, 2019-2020 at Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar on “Response of sunflower hybrids to boron”. The experiment was laid out in FRBD with three replications, each comprising of 16 treatment combinations, consisting of four genotypes viz.,KBSH-44 (G1), KBSH-53 (G2), RSFH-1887 (G3) and LSFH-171 (G4) and four boron levels viz., no boron (B0), 0.5 kg ha-1 (B1), 1.0 kg ha-1 (B2) and 1.5 kg ha-1 (B3). The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture with pH 5.89, OC 0.22 % and EC of 0.13 dS m-1. The available N, P, K and B of the experimental site were 165, 23.3, 36.0 kg ha-1 and 0.40 mg kg-1, respectively. Each experimental plot was uniformly fertilized with 60: 80: 60 kg N: P2O5: K2O ha-1 and FYM @ 5 t ha-1. Among different genotypes, KBSH-44 (G1) recorded highest seed yield (1.99 t ha-1), stover yield (5.02 t ha-1) and oil yield (737.93 kg ha-1) with highest yield attributing characters such as head diameter (17.84 cm), filled grains (744.83) and test weight (47.04 g), whereas KBSH-53 (G2) recorded statistically similar grain yield (1.91 t ha-1), stover yield (4.86 t ha-1) and yield attributing characters like total seed (793.9) and filled grain (688.23). The highest yield under G1 was promoted by highest growth attributing characters like leaf number (30.4) and LAI (3.16) at 60 DAS, while highest dry matter accumulation (118.91 g plant-1) and CGR (11.67 g d-1 m-2) were recorded at harvest and at 40-60 DAS, respectively. G1 recorded highest net returns (Rs. 54389.06 ha-1) and B: C (1.94) along with highest uptake of N (93.33 kg ha-1), P (19.42 kg ha-1), K (85.29 kg ha-1) and B (331.1gha-1).Post-harvest results revealed that highest available OC (0.210 %) was recorded from G1 whereas highest available N, P, K and B were recorded from G4 with corresponding values of 156.79, 27.76, 43.17 kg ha-1 and 0.411 g ha-1. The growth parameters, yield and net returns were found to be lowest with G4.Out of four boron levels, B3 is significantly superior over other hybrids which recorded the highest seed yield (2.10 ha-1), stover yield (5.28 t ha-1), oil content (38.59 %) and oil yield (811.46 kg ha-1) with higher yield attributing characters like total seed (830.94), head diameter (18.58 cm), number of filled grain (734.69) and test weight (49.25 g) which are statistically at par with B2.The highest yield of B3 was also supported by highest number of leaves (30.8) and LAI (3.15) at 60 DAS whereas, dry matter accumulation (117.43 g plant-1), CGR (12.25 g d-1 m-2) and RGR (0.008 g g-1 d-1) were highest at harvest, 40-60 DAS and 20-40 DAS. Highest uptake of N (102.19 kg ha-1), P (20.26 kg ha-1), K (88.67 kg ha-1) and B ( 352.88g ha-1) and the percent increase in nutrient uptake of N, P, K and B were recorded to be 50.99%, 48.21%, 36.89% and 54.63% respectively, for B3 over the B0 (control). Among the boron levels, B3 recorded highest available OC, N, P, K and B with 0.219%, 156.79, 28.62, 45.61 kg ha-1 and 0.439 mg kg-1. Highest net return (Rs.59382.68 ha-1) along with highest B:C ratio (2.89) were obtained from B3.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Bioefficacy of herbicides in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Wilczek]
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Mahanandia, Smita; Dash, Rabiratna; Paikray, R.K; Jena, S.N.; Panda, N.
    A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar during the Khraif season of 2019 with an objective to evaluate the “Bioefficacy of herbicides in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Wilczek]”. The blackgram variety used was OBG-31(Mahuri). The experiment were comprised of ten different treatments viz., T1: (Pendimethalin 30 EC 0.75kg/ha PE), T2 :( Pendimethalim 30EC+ Imazethapyr 2EC (RM) 0.75 kg/ha as PE), T3: (Imazethapyr 0.07 kg/ha as EPoE), T4:( Imazamox 0.07 kg/ha as EPoE) , T5: (Quizalfop–p-ethyl 0.05 kg/ha as PoE) , T6: (Two hand weeding at 20 & 40DAS), T7 :( Pendimethalin 30EC@ 0.75 kg/ha as PE fb one HW at 40DAS), T8: (Pendimethalim 30EC+ Imazethapyr 2EC (RM) @0.75 kg/ha as PE fb one HW at 40DAS), T9: Weed free, T10: Weedy check (Control). The data was analyzed under randomized block design with three replications. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture, acidic in reaction (pH-4.50), low in organic carbon (0.43%), low available nitrogen (178.87 kg/ha) and medium in available phosphorus (20.98 kg/ha) and medium in available potassium status (117.56 kg/ha). The experimental field was mainly colonized by the weeds like Cynodondactylon (L.) Pers., Cyperus rotundus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium and Digitaria sanguinalis Link. among grasses, Cyperus rotundus L. among sedge and Commelina benghalensis, Phyllanthus niruri L., Amaranthus viridis., Scoparia dulcis,Mimosa pudica among broad leaved categories.The results revealed that weed free recorded highest seed yield (646.85 kg/ha) and haulm yield (2468.66 kg/ha).Among the herbicide applied treatments, Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr (RM) 0.75 kg/ha as PE fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS recorded maximum seed yield (609.08 kg/ha) and haulm yield (2351.53 kg/ha) with the highest weed control efficiency (84.95 %), lowest weed index (5.83 %), weed density (37.80 no/m2 ) and weed dry weight (50.01 g/m2 ) at harvest was obtained. Uncontrolled weed growth recorded 65.28% yield loss in kharif blackgram. Weedy check recorded the maximum removal of nutrients by weeds (35.12 kg N/ha, 5.66 kg P/ha, 38.26 kg K/ha). Maximum uptake of nutrients by crop was recorded in Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr (RM) 0.75 kg/ha as PE fb one hand weeding at 40 DAS (67.44 kg N/ha, 12.78 kg P/ha and 44.35 kg K/ha) which resulted in lowest removal of nutrients by weeds (5.34 kg N/ha, 1.49 kg P/ha and 4.48 kg K/ha). This treatment also recorded the maximum plant growth parameters such as plant height (57.26cm), number of branches (4.14), number of trifoliate leaves per plant (15.88), leaf area index (2.70), number of nodules per plant (7.94), dry matter accumulation per plant (9.81 g), CGR (3.367g/m2 /day), RGR (0.011 g/g/day)at harvest and yield attributes viz. number of pods per plant (16.35), seeds per pod (8.45) and 100 seed weight (4.22 g) and harvest index (20.57%). As compared to other weed management practices, Pendimethalin + Imazethapyr (RM) 0.75 kg/ha as PE recorded maximum net return per rupee invested (1.42).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Integrated weed management in Sweet corn
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Mohanty, Shalini; Jena, S. N.; Paikaray, R. K.; Behera, B.; Mishra, A.; Dwibedi, S. K.
    The field experiment entitled “Integrated weed management in Sweet Corn” was conducted during rabi season 2019-20 at Agronomy Main Research Farm, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar. The experiment consisted of eight treatments viz. T1 Atrazine @1kg/ha (PE 1DAS), T2 Atrazine @1kg/ha (PE 1DAS)+1 Hand weeding at 25 DAS, T3 Atrazine @1kg/ha(PE 1DAS) + Straw Mulch 5t/ha(1 DAS), T4 Atrazine @1 kg/ha (PE 1Das)+Mechanical weeding at 25 DAS,T5Topramezone @0.025 kg/ha (PoE, 25DAS), T6 Atrazine @1kg/ha (PE 1DAS) + Topramezone 0.025 kg/ha(PoE,25DAS), T7 Weed free check, T8Weedy check (control) and laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture with pH 5.2, organic carbon of 0.54%, available nitrogen 183.1 kg/ha, phosphorus 21.2 kg/ha and potassium of 195.8 kg/ha. The test variety “Sugar-75” was sown on 21.11.2019 and harvested on 08.02.2020.Weed problem was very serious in sweet corn and resulted a yield loss of 76.9%.In total 16 different species of weeds infested the sweet corn field. The most problematic grass, sedge and broad leaved weeds found in the experiment were Digitaria sanguinalis (21.80%), Cyperus iria (5.35%) and Physalis minima (11.86%) respectively. Weed free check was the best treatment with respect to all the characters studied. Among the integrated weed management methods, pre emergence application of atrazine @1kg/ha(1DAS) followed by post emergence application of topramezone @0.025 kg/ha(25DAS) recorded significantly the lowest weed density (28 no./m2 ),weed dry weight(36.15g/m2 ),weed index (11.0%) with highest weed control efficiency(72%).Nutrient uptake by weeds in this treatment was also lowest viz. nitrogen 7.4 kg/ha, phosphorus 1.8 kg/ha and potassium 10.3 kg/ha. Atrazine 1.0 kg/ha PE(1 DAS) + topramezone @ 0.025 kg/ha (PoE, 25DAS) resulted plant characters such as plant height(204.6cm),dry matter accumulation (217.5g/plant), CGR (22.7g/m2 /day) and RGR (0.023g/g/day) during 60 DAS-harvest, LAI of 4.40 at 60 DAS and fresh cob yield of 20.04 t/ha, green fodder yield of 32.13 t/ha with harvest index of 38.41%.Nutrient uptake by sweet corn was also maximum viz. Nitrogen of 68.2 kg/ha, phosphorus of 21.5 kg/ha and potassium of 119.4 kg/ha. Soil microbial population such as bacteria (88 cfu×104 /g soil), fungi (27 cfu×104 /g soil) and actinomycetes (20cfu×104 /g soil)were highest in this treatment. Atrazine 1.0 kg/ha (PE,1 DAS) + topramezone @ 0.025 kg/ha(PoE,25DAS) also resulted the highest gross return of Rs. 216465/ha, net return of Rs.1,46,415/ha and B:C ratio of 3.09.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Nutrient management through foliar application in pre-rabi blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Debata, Niladri Madhaba; Satapathy, Manoranjan; Paikaray, R. K.; Behera, B.; Mishra, K.N.
    A field experiment entitled “Nutrient management through foliar application in pre rabi blackgram (Vigna mungo L.)” was conducted at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar during 2019. It emphasized on the optimization of nutrient management practice through foliar feeding in blackgram cultivar ‘Mahuri’. The soil of the experimental site was sandy loam in texture, acidic (pH 5.8), low in available nitrogen (241.4 kg/ha), medium in available phosphorus (37.8 kg/ha), medium in potassium content (196 kg/ha), low in zinc and boron content of 0.50 ppm and 0.31 ppm respectively. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with ten treatments being replicated thrice. The treatments were soil test based fertilizer recommendation (STBFR), STBFR + 2% NPK (19:19:19) once, STBFR + 2% NPK (19:19:19) twice, STBFR + 0.2% Borax spray, STBFR + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray, STBFR + 0.2% Borax spray + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray, STBFR + 2% NPK + 0.2% Borax spray, STBFR + 2% NPK + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray, STBFR + 2% NPK + 0.2% Borax spray + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray, water spray (control). The foliar spraying was done at pre-flowering stage in one spray and subsequent 15 days after the first spray in case of two sprays. Results concluded that application of STBFR + 2% NPK (19:19:19) + 0.2% Borax spray + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray prior to anthesis produced the maximum seed yield (804 kg/ha) and stover yield (1648 kg/ha) was higher than other treatments. Maximum plant height (36.7 cm), number of branches per plant (7.93), number of nodules per plant (12.20), leaf number per plant (19.07) & leaf area (581.67 cm2 /plant), dry matter accumulation (6.17 g/plant), number of pods per plant (33.37) and seeds per pod (7.73) were obtained from application of STBFR + 2% NPK (19:19:19) + 0.2% Borax spray + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray. These parameters contributed towards higher seed and stover yield of blackgram as well as higher nutrient uptake. An uptake of 63.19 kg N, 6.25 kg P, 35.95 kg K2O, 0.75 kg Zn and 0.62 kg B/ha was noticed under nutrient management practice of STBFR + 2% NPK (19:19:19) + 0.2% Borax spray + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray. Combined application of STBFR + 2% NPK (19:19:19) + 0.2% Borax + 0.5% ZnSO4 resulted an increase in residual soil N, P2O5 and K2O content by 19.3, 3.7 and 34 kg/ha respectively over the initial soil status. On the contrary a decrease in available Zn and B content in soil over initial value was observed. However, water spray (control treatment), being deprived of any nutrient management and inferred minimal values of nutrient uptake. Maximum net return of Rs. 21,224 /ha and benefit:cost ratio of 1.89 were obtained under the nutrient management practice of STBFR + 2% NPK (19:19:19) + 0.2% Borax spray + 0.5% ZnSO4 spray.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Nutrient management in finger millet through organic sources
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Chakraborty, Payal; Paikaray, R. K.; Behera, B.; Mishra, K. N.
    A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2019 at Agronomic Main Research Station, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology to find out nutrient management in finger millet through organic sources. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized complete block design replicated thrice with ten treatments viz. T1 - 8t/ha FYM, T2 - 4t/ha FYM, T3 -T2 + 125 l/ha waste decomposer, T4 - T2 + 15kg/ha sea weed extract, T5 -T2 + 15 kg/ha wild ark with sea weed extract, T6 -T3 + 15 kg/ha sea weed extract, T7 - T3 + 15 kg/ha wild ark with sea weed extract, T8 - T6 + 4 kg/ha Growth G, T9 - T7 + 4 kg/ha Growth G and T10 - control. The soil of the experimental plot was sandy loam with pH 5.34, EC 0.045dsm-1, organic carbon 0.42%, available nitrogen 238.2 kg/ha, available phosphorus 17.2kg/ha and available potassium 147.8 kg/ha. Finger millet variety “Arjuna” was the test crop. The study revealed that application of 8t/ha FYM produced maximum finger millet grain yield of 2821 kg/ha. This higher production was associated with better growth and development of the crop particularly in terms of more number of earheads hill-1(5.2), more number of fingers earhead-1(6.4), higher spikelets per finger(68.3),more grains spikelet-1(5.7)and higher test weight(3.36g). At this level of production and nutrient source(8t/ha FYM), finger millet removed about 61.1 kg nitrogen, 13.9 kg phosphorus and 63.6 kg potassium/ha. Soil available N improved by 21.9 kg/ha, available P by 4.7 kg/ha and available K depleted by 0.6 kg/ha due to 8t/ha FYM. This also recorded maximum net return of Rs.36, 309/ha and higher benefit-cost ratio of 1.80. However, the effect of 8t/ha FYM was at par with 4t/ha FYM + 125 l/ha waste decomposer + 15kg/ha wild ark with sea weed extract + 4kg/ha Growth G with respect to grain yield, nutrient removal , soil fertility change, net return and benefit cost ratio.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Productivity, profitability and efficiency of weed management practices in transplanted kharif paddy
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Behera, Parsuram; Mishra, Prasannajit; Paikaray, R.K.; Jena, S.N.; Nayak, R.K.
    A field experiment was conducted to study the “Productivity, profitability and efficiency of weed management practices in transplanted kharif paddy” at Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, OUAT, Bhubaneswar. The experiment consisted of eight treatments viz.; T1 : weedy check, T2 : weed free, T3 : pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 (pre-emergence), T4 : pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 (pre-emergence) + hand weeding at 21 DAT, T5 : pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 (pre-emergence) + mechanical weeding at 21 DAT, T6 : pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 (pre emergence) + pyrazosulfuron ethyl 10% WP @ 0.02 kg ha-1 as post-emergence at 10 DAT, T7 : pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 (pre emergence) followed by bispyribac-sodium @ 0.025 kg ha-1 as post emergence at 21 DAT, T8 : pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 followed by chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl (Almix) @ 0.004 kg ha-1 at 21 DAT and was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The rice variety tested was Maudamani. The soil of the experimental site was loamy sand with acidic reaction (pH 4.62), medium in organic carbon (0.53%), low in available nitrogen (188.1 kg ha-1 ), high in available phosphorus (47.8 kg ha-1 ) and medium in potassium (143.28 kg ha-1 ). The total weed population and weed dry weight was lowest in weed free treatment and among the weed management treatments, application of pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 followed by chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl (Almix) @ 0.004 kg ha-1 recorded the lowest weed population and weed dry weight. The maximum WCE of 99.29% at 60 DAT and 99.55% at 90 DAT were observed in weed free treatment. The maximum plant height (106.6 cm), highest number of tillers hill-1 (10.3) at harvest, maximum LAI (4.15) at 60 DAT, highest dry matter production (1207.4 g m-2 ) at harvest, maximum crop growth rate (24.9 gm-2 day-1 ) during 30-60 DAT, effective tillers (365 m-2 ), longest panicle (25.1 cm), highest number of fertile grains panicle -1 (134), highest 1000-grain weight (25.4 g), grain yield (5.83 t ha-1 ), straw yield (6.73 t ha-1 ) and harvest index (46.4 %) were observed in weed free treatment. Among the weed management treatments, application of pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 followed by chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl (Almix) @ 0.004 kg ha-1 recorded the maximum plant height (106.3 cm), number of tillers hill-1 (10.2) at harvest, LAI (4.02) at 60 DAT, dry matter production (1196.2 g m-2 ) at harvest, crop growth rate (24.5 gm-2 day-1 ) during 30-60 DAT, number of effective tillers (332 m-2 ), panicle length (25.0 cm), number of fertile grains panicle -1 (130), 1000- grain weight (25.1 g), grain yield (5.39 t ha-1 ), straw yield (6.53 t ha-1 ) and harvest index (45.2%). Weed free treatment recorded the lowest nutrient uptake (0.05 kg N, 0.01 kg Pand 0.09 kg K ha-1 ) by weeds. The maximum uptake of nutrient in grain (67.0 kg N, 18.0 kg P and 22.6 kg K ha-1 ) and straw (39.0 kg N, 5.7 kg P and 115.7 kg K ha-1 ) was recorded in weed free treatment followed by treatment with application of pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 followed by chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl (Almix) @ 0.004 kg ha-1 (61.4.0 kg N, 116.6 kg P and 20.8 kg K ha-1 in grain and 35.9 kg N, 5.4 kg P and 111.0 kg K ha-1 in straw, respectively). The maximum cost of cultivation (₹ 61,000 ha-1 ) and gross return (₹ 1,08,781 ha-1 ) were recorded in weed free treatment and application of pretilachlor @ 0.5 kg ha-1 + chlorimuron ethyl + metsulfuron methyl (Almix) @ 0.004 kg ha-1 at 21 DAT resulted in the maximum net return (₹ 54,055 ha-1 ) and benefit- cost ratio (2.15).
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Yield and quality of sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata) under different fertility levels and time of harvest
    (Department of Agronomy, OUAT, Bhubaneswar, 2020) Pradhan, Nityashree; Sahoo, S.C.; Paikaray, R. K; Jena, S.N.; Nayak, R.K.
    A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Main Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar under the East and South Eastern Coastal Plain Zone of Odisha during rabi season of 2019-20 under irrigated situation to study the effect of fertility level and time of harvest on yield and quality of sweet corn (Zea mays var. saccharata). The soil of the experimental field was well drained, sandy loam in texture having pH 5.72. The available nutrient status of the soil was medium in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three levels of fertility (120:60:60 kg, 80:40:40 kg and 40:20:20 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1) in the main plot and five dates of harvest (16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 days after silking) in the sub-plot with three replications. The seed of sweet corn hybrid Sugar 75 was sown on 23rd November 2019 with a spacing of 60 cm X 25 cm. The crop growth rate was hastened with increase in fertility level, which was evidenced from the minimum days required for 50 % tasseling (50.7) and 50 % silking (54.1) with application of 120:60:60 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1. Application of 120:60:60 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1 produced maximum yield of green cob (15.63 t ha-1), fresh kernel (7.86 t ha-1) and green fodder (36.42 t ha-1). Application of 120:60:60 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1 yielded 23.5 per cent more green cob, 28.9 per cent more fodder and 14.9 per cent more kernel as compared with fertility level of 40:20:20 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1. There was significant increase in green cob yield (15.22 t ha-1) up to 24 days after silking after which yield enhancement was not significant. Total soluble sugar content of the kernel increased with advancement in date of harvest and attained its maximum (12.9%) at 24 days after silking and declined then after. The protein content in the grain was the maximum (7.47%) with application of 120:60:60 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1. Harvesting the crop at 32 days after silking resulted in maximum protein content (7.35%) in kernel. Application of 120 kg N, 60 kg P2O5 and 60 kg K2O per hectare recorded the maximum uptake of nitrogen (93.6 kg ha-1), phosphorus (35.9 kg ha-1) and potassium (147.5 kg ha-1). Harvesting the crop at 32 days after silking recorded the maximum uptake of 91.0 kg nitrogen, 36.0 kg phosphorus and 144.2 kg potassium per hectare. The highest net profit of Rs 108732 ha-1 and benefit: cost ratio of 3.03 were obtained with application of 120:60:60 kg N:P2O5:K2O ha-1. Optimum net profit of Rs 107075 per hectare was received with harvesting the crop at 24 day after silking.