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ThesisItem Unknown EFFECT OF INORGANIC FERTILIZERS IN COMBINATION WITH BIOFERTILIZERS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF BEETROOT (Beta vulgaris L.) cv. CRIMSON GLOBE(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, VENKATARAMANNAGUDEM, W.G.Dist.-534 101 Dr. Y. S. R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, 2019-09-14) TAMARAPALLI BALARAJU; Dr. G. NARASIMHA MURTHYAn investigation on “Effect of inorganic fertilizers in combination with biofertilizers on growth, yield and quality of beetroot (Beta vulgaris L.) cv. Crimson Globe” was carried out during Rabi season, 2018-2019 at college farm, College of Horticulture, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The experimental design adopted was Factorial RBD. The first factor adopted was the inorganic fertilizers at three levels (100%, 75% and 50% of RDF) and the second factor was the different methods of biofertilizers (Azotobacter + PSB + KSB as seed treatment, soil application and seed treatment along with soil application and without biofertilizers). The experiment included 12 treatment combinations of inorganic fertilizers along with the biofertilizers. The studies on the application of inorganic fertilizers on beetroot cv. Crimson Globe revealed significant differences among the various levels. The application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizers (70:110:70 NPK kg/ha) recorded maximum plant height, plant spread in N-S, E-W directions, number of leaves per plant, leaf area and leaf area index, root length (10.66 cm) and diameter (6.41 cm), fresh weight of root (152.25 g) and dry weight of root (30.45 g), TSS, protein content, nitrogen uptake, phosphorus uptake and potassium uptake. The crop applied with biofertilizers, Azotobacter + PSB + KSB as seed treatment and soil application showed significant increase in plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf area, leaf area index, root length (11.12 cm), root diameter (6.65 cm), yield per plot (6.30 kg), yield per hectare (21.78 t), TSS, ascorbic acid and protein content and also nutrient uptake. From the experiment it was revealed that the treatment combination of 100% RDF and biofertilizers i.e. Azotobacter + PSB + KSB as seed treatment and soil application recorded highest values in terms of growth characters viz., plant height, number of leaves, leaf area, leaf area index, root and yield characters viz., root length (12.33 cm), root diameter (7.21 cm), fresh weight of root (187.03 g), dry weight of root (37.40 g), harvest index (78.57%), yield per plot (7.20 kg), yield per hectare (24.92 t) and quality characters of the crop viz., TSS, ascorbic acid and protein content. The nutrient status was found to be highly influenced by various combinations of inorganic fertilizers and biofertilizers and recorded significant increase in terms of nitrogen uptake (118.33 kg ha-1 ), phosphorus uptake (18.18 kg ha-1 ) and potassium uptake (99.67 kg ha-1 ). This combination also recorded highest benefit cost ratio of 3.17.ThesisItem Unknown GENETIC DIVERGENCE STUDIES IN CHILLI (Capsicum annuum L.)(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE VENKATARAMANNAGUDEM, WEST GODAVARI DISTRICT – 534 101 ANDHRA PRADESH, 2019-08-28) GARIKAPATI HARIKA; Dr. C. SaradaAn investigation was carried out during kharif 2018-19 at Horticultural Research Station, Lam,Guntur with 64 genotypes of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) in a Randomized Block Design with two replications to study variability, heritability, genetic advance as per cent of mean, genetic divergence, character association and the magnitude of direct and indirect effects of 18 different quantitative and qualitative traits with dry fruit yield per plant. The study revealed significant differences among genotypes for different characters studied. The genotypic coefficients of variation for all the characters studied were lesser than the phenotypic coefficients of variation indicating the masking effect of the environment. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was observed for plant height, plant spread, number of primary branches, number of fruits per plant, fruit length,fruit diameter, length of the pedicel, days to 1st flowering , days to 50% flowering, mean dry fruit weight, 100 seed weight, number of seeds per fruit, ripe yield per plant, ascorbic acid, oleoresin content, capsaicin content, total colour value, dry yield per plant indicating the predominanace of additive gene action and hence direct phenotypic selection is useful with respect to these traits. Correlation and path analysis revealed that plant spread,number of fruits per plant and mean dry fruit weight, ascorbic acid, oleoresin had positive significant Name of the Author : G. Harika Title of the thesis : Genetic divergence studies in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) Faculty : HORTICULTURE Major Field of study : VEGETABLE SCIENCE Major Advisor : Dr. C. Sarada University : Dr. Y. S. R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Venkataramannagudem Year of submission : 2019 association and positive direct effects on dry yield per plant indicating the use of these attributes in selection to evolve high yielding varieties of chilli. The results of multivariate analysis indicated the presence of considerable genetic divergence among the 64 genotypes studied. The genotypes were grouped into 12 clusters in D2 analysis. This analysis clearly indicated that the genetic diversity and geographical diversity were not related. By Mahalanobis’ D2 statistic, it could be inferred that total colour value followed by 100 seed weight, days to 50% flowering contributed maximum towards genetic divergence. Principal component analysis identified seven principal components (PCs) and have contributed 79.04 per cent of cumulative variance. The significant factors loaded in PC1 towards maximum genetic divergence were plant height, number of fruits per plant, seed yield per plant, ripe yield per plant, fruit length, number of seeds per fruit, total colour value. 3D graphs showed wide divergence between LCA-49 and LCA-55, LCA-37, LCA-43, LCA-42, LCA-3 signifying their usefulness in chilli breeding to develop high heterotic hybrids. The genotypes , LCA 55, LCA 37, LCA-42, LCA-43, LCA-3 showed maximum inter-cluster distance with LCA-49 in Mahalanobis’ D2 analysis, principal component analysis. So these can be exploited for the development of heterotic hybrids in future breeding programmes.ThesisItem Unknown EFFECT OF NITROGEN AND POTASSIUM ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF ORANGE FLESHED SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas Lam.)(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, VENKATARAMANNAGUDEM, WEST GODAVARI - 534 101 ANDHRA PRADESH, 2019-08-22) SHARATH S R; Dr. M. JANAKIThe present investigation entitled “Effect of nitrogen and potassium on growth, yield and quality of orange fleshed sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas Lam.)” was carried out during the rabi season, 2018-2019 at Horticultural Research Station, Peddapuram, East Godavari District of Andhra Pradesh. The study was carried out with 16 different treatments involving different combinations of nitrogen and potassium. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design (RBD) with factorial concept replicated thrice and data on the effect of different levels of nitrogen and potassium on growth, yield, quality, nutrient uptake and economics were recorded and statistically analyzed. The different levels of nitrogen had significant influence on the plant growth parameters (vine length, vine internodal length, petiole length, number of branches per vine, length of leaf lobe, width of leaf lobe, number of leaves per vine and total leaf area per vine), yield parameters (root tubers per vine, root tuber length, root tuber girth, vine dry matter content, tuber dry matter content, root tuber yield per vine, root tuber yield per plot, estimated root tuber yield per hectare), quality parameters (beta carotene, starch, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars and total sugars) and nutrient uptake analysis (NPK in soil and NPK uptake by plant). The soil application with 120 kg N ha-1 has recorded highest values for all the studied parameters except starch and reducing sugars. While the highest starch and reducing sugars were found with application of 30 kg N ha-1 and 90 kg N ha-1 respectively. The influence of different levels of potassium on all the studied parameters was significant except reducing sugars and recorded the maximum values with the application of 120 kg K ha-1 . The nitrogen and potassium interaction effects were non-significant for most of the parameters except for vine length at final harvest, number of branches per vine, number of leaves per vine at 90 DAP & at final harvest, total leaf area per vine at all growth stages, root tuber girth, root tuber yield per vine, root tuber yield per plot, estimated root tuber yield per hectare, beta carotene, starch, N & K in soil and NPK uptake by plant which were differed significantly. The maximum values for all significantly differed parameters were found with application of 120 kg N ha-1 and 120 kg K ha-1 . The gross returns and net returns were recorded maximum with application of 120 kg ha-1 of nitrogen and 120 kg ha-1 of potassium (T16) resulting in a maximum benefit-cost ratio of 3.72:1. Among the different treatment combinations, it was found that the treatment combination of nitrogen at 120 kg ha-1 and potassium at 120 kg ha-1 (T16) proved to be the best for cultivation of orange fleshed sweet potato.ThesisItem Unknown RESPONSE OF MUSKMELON (Cucumis melo L.) TO MOISTURE STRESS AT FLOWERING STAGE(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, ANANTHARAJUPETA, Y.S.R. Dist-516 105 ANDHRA PRADESH, 2019-07-23) V.ROOPA; Dr. SYED SADARUNNISAThe present investigation on “Response of muskmelon (Cucumis melo. L) to moisture stress at flowering stage” was carried out at College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, Dr. Y.S.R. Horticultural University, Andhra Pradesh during late kharif, 2018. The experiment was laid out in factorial completely randomized block design replicated thrice. The experiment consisted of two factors. Factor 1: Comprised of three moisture stress levels imposed at 50 % flowering stage, T1- 0 days water stress, T2 - 7 days water stress and T3 - 14 days water stress and Factor 2 : Comprised of three foliar sprays, S1- water spray (Control), S2 – Gibberellic acid (50 ppm), S3 – Salicylic acid (0.5 mM). The results indicated that among the moisture stress levels, the morpho-physiological parameters and yield attribues viz., vine length at 60 DAS and at harvest (183.66 cm and 273.84 cm), leaf area (16119.18 cm2 ), stomatal conductance (3.54 mmol m-2 s -1 ), net photosynthetic rate (18.08 μmol m-2 s -1 ), relative water content (79.39 %), chlorophyll content (31.81mg/g), carotenoid content (5.54 mg/g) and electrolyte leakage (9.21 %), number of fruits per plant (3.97), fruit weight (1.14 kg), fruit yield per plant (4.51 kg) and fruit yield per hectare (56.36 t/ha) were recorded significantly superior when plants were not subjected to stress. However among the treatments where the moisture stress was imposed plants subjected to 7 days stress showed superiority in all the growth, yield and quality parameters compared to the plants where 14 days water stress at 50 % flowering was applied. At 14 days stress levels parameters like proline (424.08 μg/g), peroxidase (35.23 O.D g-1 fw min-1 ), root length (45.41 cm) and root to shoot ratio (0.036 %) , minimum days to first fruit harvest (61.30 days) and fruit TSS (9.16 0Brix) were found to be significantly high. Among the foliar sprays tried, at 60 DAS and at harvest stage the morpho-physiological parameters viz., vine length (180.56 cm and 260.65 cm) and leaf area (14441.54 cm 2 ) observed were significantly superior in plants sprayed with gibberellic acid 50 ppm. Stomatal conductance (3.14 mmol m-2 s -1 ), relative water content (79.651%), chlorophyll content (28.59 mg/g), carotenoid content (4.72 mg/g), electrolyte leakage (13.24 %), proline (329.90 μg/g), peroxidase (28.92 O.D g-1 fw min-1 ) and root to shoot ratio (0.040 %) were significantly superior in the plants when sprayed with salicylic acid 0.5mM. Yield and yield attributes viz., number of fruits per plant (3.33), fruit weight (0.97 kg), fruit yield per plant (3.41 kg), fruit yield per hectare (42.57 t/ha) and fruit TSS (8.66 0Brix) were significantly high when plants were sprayed with salicylic acid 0.5mM. Minimum days to first fruit harvest (64.89 days) were significantly superior when plants were sprayed with GA3 50 ppm. The interaction effect of moisture stress levels and plant growth regulators revealed that the morpho-physiological parameters, yield attributes and benefit cost ratio were superior in treatment combinations T1S2 and T1S3 (0 days water stress and plants sprayed with growth regulators). Under stress conditions, morpho-physiological parameters viz., vine length at 60 DAS and at harvest and the leaf area were significantly superior in treatment combination T2S2 (7 days water stress + gibberellic acid 50 ppm). Relative water content and low electrolyte leakage were significantly superior in treatment combination T2S3 (7 days stress + salicylic acid 0.5mM). Chlorophyll and carotenoids high in T2S3 which were on par with T2S2. Peroxidase (39.92 O.D g-1 fw min-1 ), proline (457.94 μg/g) and root length (48.30 cm) was significantly high in T3S3 (14 days water stress + salicylic acid 0.5mM). Yield attribute viz., Number of fruits per plant were high in treatment combination T2S3 (7 days water stress + salicylic acid 0.5mM) which was on par with T2S2 (7 days water stress + gibberellic acid 50 ppm), while fruit weight and fruit yield were high in treatment combination T2S3 (7 days water stress + salicylic acid 0.5mM). TSS was (9.40 0Brix) high in T3S3 (14 days water stress + salicylic acid 0.5mM) which was on par with T3S2 (14 days water stress and gibberellic acid 50 ppm). The yield of muskmelon was gradually decreased with the increase in water stress and this reduction rate was decreased by the exogenous supply of growth regulators. Exogenous application of gibberellic acid 50 ppm and salicylic acid 0.5 mM can effectively mitigate the deleterious effect of drought stress in muskmelon. Among the two growth regulators viz., SA and GA3 tried, to mitigate the stress response SA 0.5 mM was found to be superior in enhancing the growth, physiology and yield of muskmelon at both levels of stress imposed i.e., at 7 and 14 days during flowering Economic analysis showed that the foliar application of salicylic acid was comparatively the most cost effective technology to obtain the maximum benefit cost ratio (5.02, 3.75, 1.39) with 0, 7 and 14 days water stress compare to other foliar treatments.ThesisItem Unknown STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PLANTING DATES AND NITROGEN LEVELS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF RED CABBAGE (Brassica oleracea var. capitata f. rubra)(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, VENKATARAMANNAGUDEM, WEST GODAVARI.-534 101, ANDHRA PRADESH, 2019-08-24) ABHILASH KAVALGI; Dr. R. RAJYA LAKSHMIThe present investigation entitled “Studies on the effect of planting dates and nitrogen levels on growth, yield and quality of red cabbage (Brassica oleracea var.capitata f. rubra)” was carried out in Rabi season 2018- 2019 at MRS, Nuzvid, Krishna Dist. (A.P.) with the objective of studying the effect of planting dates, nitrogen levels and their interaction on growth, yield and quality of red cabbage besides studying economic returns. Present study included 12 treatments with three levels of planting dates (30th September, 15th and 30th October) and four nitrogen levels (80, 120,160 and 200 kg ha-1 ) each replicated thrice in FRBD. Observations were recorded on four growth, ten yield and yield attributing and three quality parameters and mean performance studies revealed significant difference in all parameters with varying planting dates, nitrogen levels and their interaction. Planting dates significantly influenced the growth, yield and quality parameters at all the growth stages, irrespective of the nitrogen levels. Among all the treatments, highest number of heading leaves per plant (21.49), plant height (34.32 cm) and plant spread (50.46 cm) recorded by planting on 15th October with 200 kg nitrogen per hectare (D2N4) at final harvest. Among yield and yield attributing characters maximum head circumference (46.72 cm), head volume (859.58 cc), head length (16.73 cm), head compactness (0.51), head weight (551 g), head yield per plot (44.10 kg), and dry matter production (11.24%) with minimum days to head initiation (47.01days) and days to head harvest (81.30days) were recorded by 15th October planting date (D2) and the same was also maintained best quality with respect to anthocyanin content (118.83 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (37.68 mg/100g) and TSS (8.540Brix). Performance of red cabbage also differed significantly with different nitrogen levels, the crop applied with 200 kg N ha-1 recorded significantly highest number of heading leaves per plant (23.18), number of loose leaves per plant (13.87), plant height (34.93 cm) and plant spread (53.81cm) at final harvest. The yield contributing characters like head circumference (47.12 cm), head volume (950.55 cc), head length (16.77 cm), head compactness (0.51), head weight (616 g), head yield per plot (49.26 kg) and dry matter production (11.67%) were also superior with 200 kg N ha-1 and same treatment took minimum days to head initiation (46.77 days) and head harvest (85.03 days) and also it maintained best quality with maximum anthocyanin (117.00 mg/100 g) ascorbic acid content (38.32mg/100g) and TSS (8.34 0Brix). The interaction effect of planting dates and nitrogen levels was found significant. Highest number of heading leaves (24.87), plant height (38.43 cm) and plant spread (59.78 cm) were recorded with the treatment combination of 15th October planting date and application of 200 kg N ha-1 (D2N4). The yield contributing characters like head volume (980.00 cc), head length (19.46 cm), head compactness (1.40), head weight (709 g), head yield per plot (56.67 kg), estimated head yield per hectare (438.55 q) and dry matter production (12.55%) recorded higher values with same treatment. It also maintained best quality with maximum anthocyanin content (122.00 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (38.65 mg/100g) and TSS (9.060 Brix) recorded. The treatment combination of 15th October planting date with an application of 200 kg N ha-1 (D2N4) recorded the highest value for nitrogen uptake (148.66kg/ha), available soil nitrogen (368.62kg N ha-1 ) among all the treatment combinations. Highest BC ratio (3.82:1) was obtained from the combination of 15th October planting date with 200kg N ha-1 (D2N4) and lowest value (1.75:1) recorded with 30th September planting date and 80 kg N ha-1 (D1N1). Based on the results obtained in the present investigation, it can be concluded that 15th October planting date combined with application of 200 kg N ha-1 (D2N4) proved to be best for getting higher growth, yield, quality and economic returns in Red cabbage for coastal Andhra Pradesh.ThesisItem Unknown VARIABILITY STUDIES IN F1 HYBRIDS OF OKRA [Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench](COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, VENKATARAMANNAGUDEM, W.G.Dist.– 534 101 ANDHRA PRADESH, 2019-08-26) OMPHILE DONALD KELEMOGE; Dr. P. ASHOKAn experiment was taken up to elicit the information on magnitude of genetic variability, heritability and to predict the gains realized through selection, character association, cause and effect relationships and divergence for the quantitative characters in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench) genotypes. A set of twenty nine entries involving twenty eight F1 hybrids along with a standard check [‘Mona 002’] were evaluated by raising each entry in a plot of 2.5 m length and 2.5 m width, at a spacing of 60 × 45 cm in a randomized block design with three replications at Horticulture Research Station, Venkataramannagudem during kharif, 2018 for eighteen biometric characters viz., plant height (cm), number of primary branches per plant, days to fifty per cent flowering, node at which first flower appear, internodal length of main stem (cm), number of nodes per plant, fruit length (cm), fruit girth (cm), average fruit weight (g), number of fruits per plant, number of seeds per fruit, fruit yield per plant (g), fruit yield per hectare (kg), leaf chlorophyll content (SPAD units), fruit moisture content (%), mucilage content (g/kg), fruit and shoot borer infestation (FSB) on fruits (%) and yellow vein mosaic virus infestation (YVMV) on plants (%). Analysis of variance revealed that there were significant differences (P 20%) were observed for yellow vein mosaic virus infestation on plants, fruit and shoot borer infestation on plants and average fruit weight indicating the existence of wide range of genetic variability in the germplasm for these traits. High Heritability (hb 2 ) estimates (>60%) coupled with high estimates of genetic gain as percent of mean (>20%) were observed for average fruit weight and plant height indicating that these characters were least influenced by the environmental effect, since they were governed by additive genes and selection will be more rewarding if it was based on such traits. Internodal length of main stem, number of nodes per plant and average fruit weight registered a positive and significant correlation at both phenotypic and genotypic levels with fruit yield per plant (g) signifying the importance of these traits in selection for yield and are identified as yield attributing characters on which selection can be relied upon for the genetic improvement of yield. Number of primary branches per plant, number of nodes per plant, fruit length, fruit girth, leaf chlorophyll content and mucilage content exerted a high positive direct effect on fruit yield per plant (g). The high direct effect of these traits appeared to be the main factors for their strong association with fruit yield per plant. The results of multivariate analysis resulted in distribution of 28 genotypes and a check into 6 clusters. Cluster III comprised the maximum number of genotypes (6) followed by cluster II (5), cluster V (5), cluster VI (5), cluster I (4) and cluster IV (4). Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between clusters I and VI while the intra cluster distance was maximum in cluster III. Highest percent contribution to divergence came from average fruit weight followed by fruit yield per plant, fruit and shoot borer infestation on plants, plant height and number of seeds per fruit. The data on inter cluster distances suggested that selection of one or two elite genotypes from divergent (I & VI) and (II & VI) clusters based on the above characters and crossing them would result in more heterotic and novel hybrids in okra.ThesisItem Unknown MORPHO-MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF CLUSTER BEAN [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] GENOTYPES FOR GENETIC DIVERSITY(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE ANANTHARAJUPETA -516 105, YSR KADAPA DISTRICT ANDHRA PRADESH, 2019-08-14) TALAMARLA YESWANTH MAHIDAR GOWD; Dr. P. SYAM SUNDAR REDDYA field investigation entitled “Morpho-molecular characterization of cluster bean [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub.] genotypes for genetic diversity” was carried out during kharif, 2018 at Vegetables block, College of Horticulture, Anantharajupeta, A.P. The experiment was conducted with an objective to identify divergent genotypes at morphological and molecular level to be used as donor parents in crop improvement. Forty five germplasm lines along with two checks were grown in a randomized block design with three replications and the data on growth, yield and yield attributing traits were recorded for eighteen characters. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among all the genotypes indicating the presence of sufficient amount of variability for the characters. High range of variability was recorded for pod yield per plant (7771.30) indicating the scope for selection of suitable initial breeding material for further improvement. On the basis of mean performance of the genotypes, cluster bean accessions viz., IC-113281 followed by IC-116779, GP 15, GP 7 and IC-113568 were found to be superior over check varieties, Pusa Navbahar and MDU-1 in terms of pod yield due to more number of pods per plant. GP 20 was superior over check varieties for pod yield and earliness. Hence, these can be selected for further evaluation and can be used as parents in future breeding programmes. The difference between PCV and GCV for most of the characters was low indicating negligible influence of environment. High heritability in conjunction with high genetic advance as per cent of mean was recorded for characters viz., days to first flowering, days to 50 % flowering, pod thickness (mm), pod length (cm), number of clusters per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of branches per plant at maturity, 100 seed weight, number of seed per pod, days to pod maturity, protein content, pod yield per plant and pod yield (t/ha) indicating that these characters were governed by additive genes and selection will be rewarding for improvement of such traits. Genotypic correlation was higher than phenotypic correlation for all the traits studied indicating their highly heritable nature. Fresh pod yield per plant had highly significant and positive association with pod length, number of pods per plant, number of pods per cluster, number of clusters per plant and number of branches per plant at maturity. The path coefficient analysis revealed that very high positive direct effect on fresh pod yield per plant was exerted by number of clusters per pod at genotypic levels; while pod length, number of clusters per plant, number of pods per plant and number of clusters per plant exerted a positive and high direct effect on fresh pod yield per plant at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. High negative direct effect on fresh pod yield per plant was exerted by days to first flowering and days to 50 % flowering. These findings showed that direct selection on the basis of the above characters will be rewarding for crop improvement in cluster bean. The D2 analysis partitioned the forty five genotypes in to six clusters with cluster II recording maximum number of genotypes (15). The maximum inter cluster distance was found between cluster III and IV, which are genetically more divergent and selection of parents from these diverse clusters for hybridization programme. Molecular divergence studies among 45 cluster bean accessions using 21 SSR primers showed intermediate to low polymorphism, high He and Ho prompts the deeper insight of molecular complexity involved in the gene pool. Thus, simultaneous analysis of genotypes at morphological and molecular level would assist in selecting the genotypes with desirable traits for crop improvement programme without any ambiguity of environmental interactions. From this study, it can be concluded that the genotypes viz., IC-113281, IC 116779, GP 15, GP 20, IC-113568 and GP 7 were found to be superior for most of the yield and quality traits. Further, it was also evident from the molecular analysis and D2 statistics that IC-113568 and GP 20 were found to be highly diverse genotypes. These genotypes might be utilized for further breeding studies in cluster bean.ThesisItem Unknown STUDIES ON STAGE SPECIFIC FERTIGATION IN EUROPEAN CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.) UNDER NATURALLY VENTILATED POLYHOUSE(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, VENKATARAMANNAGUDEM, W. G. Dist – 534 101 ANDHRA PRADESH, 2019-08-21) PRAVEENA LAKSHMI ALAMALAKALA; Dr. M. Ravindra BabuThe present investigation entitled “Studies on stage specific fertigation in European cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) under naturally ventilated polyhouse” was carried out during 2018-19 at Centre of Excellence for Protected Cultivation (CEPC), Horticultural Research Station, Dr. Y. S. R. Horticultural University, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design with three replications comprising twelve treatment combinations which include three factors viz., three levels of nitrogen as first factor (80 kg/ha, 120 kg/ha and 160 kg/ha), two levels of phosphorus as second factor (60 kg/ha and 90 kg/ha) and two levels of potassium as third factor (80 kg/ha and 120 kg/ha). Studies on stage specific fertigation of different levels of NPK significantly influenced plant growth, yield, quality attributes and nutrient uptake of cucumber crop. Among N levels, maximum vine length, number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, internodal length, leaf chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weight of plant, fruit set percentage, number of fruits per vine, days to final harvest, fruit length, fruit diameter, fruit weight, fruit mesocarp thickness, yield per plant, yield per plot, estimated yield, TSS, ascorbic acid content, fruit moisture content, soil pH, electrical conductivity, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, plant uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, minimum days to first female flower appearance, node number at which first female flower appear, days to first harvest and titrable acidity were recorded with the stage specific application of 160 kg/ha of N. Author : PRAVEENA LAKSHMI ALAMALAKALA Title of thesis : STUDIES ON STAGE SPECIFIC FERTIGATION IN EUROPEAN CUCUMBER (Cucumis sativus L.) UNDER NATURALLY VENTILATED POLYHOUSE Degree for which it : is submitted MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HORTICULTURE Faculty : HORTICULTURE Major Field : VEGETABLE SCIENCE Major Advisor : Dr. M. RAVINDRA BABU University : Dr. Y. S. R. HORTICULTURAL UNIVERSITY Year of submission : 2019 Among P levels, maximum vine length, number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, internodal length, leaf chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weight of plant, fruit set percentage, number of fruits per vine, days to final harvest, fruit length, fruit weight, yield per plant, yield per plot, estimated yield, ascorbic acid content, fruit moisture content, available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, plant uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, minimum days to first female flower appearance, days to first harvest and titrable acidity were recorded with application of 90 kg/ha of P . Among K levels, maximum vine length, number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, internodal length, leaf chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weight of plant, fruit set percentage, number of fruits per vine, days to final harvest, fruit length, fruit weight, yield per plant, yield per plot, estimated yield, ascorbic acid content, fruit moisture content, electrical conductivity, available nitrogen, phosphorus, plant uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, minimum days to first female flower appearance, node number at which first female flower appear, days to first harvest and titrable acidity were recorded with application of 120 kg/ha of K. The application of 160 kg/ha of N, 60 kg/ha of P and 120 kg/ha of K resulted in significant increase of vine length, number of leaves per plant, leaf area per plant, internodal length, leaf chlorophyll content, fresh and dry weight of plant, fruit set percentage, number of fruits per vine, days to final harvest, fruit length, fruit weight, yield per plant, yield per plot, estimated yield, fruit moisture content, plant uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and benefit cost ratio. Minimum days to first female flower appearance, minimum days to first harvest and minimum titrable acidity were also recorded in the same treatment combination.ThesisItem Unknown EFFECT OF INTEGRATED NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND QUALITY OF YARDLONG BEAN (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp. ssp.sesquipedalis verdc.)(COLLEGE OF HORTICULTURE, VENKATARAMANNAGUDEM, WEST GODAVARI – 534 101, 2019-06-04) G.SINDHUJA; Dr. T.S.K.K. KIRAN PATROThe present investigation entitled “Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management practices on growth, yield and quality of yardlong bean (Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp.ssp.sesquipedalis verdc) ” was conducted during rabi, 2018 at College of Horticulture, Venkataramannagudem, West Godavari District, Andhra Pradesh. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications comprising fifteen treatments viz., T1 (75% RDN through inorganic+25% RDN through vermicompost+biofertilizers), T2 (75% RDN through inorganic+ 25% RDN through FYM +biofertilizers), T3 (75% RDN through inorganic+ 25% RDN through neemcake+biofertilizers), T4 (50% RDN through inorganic +50% RDN through vermicompost+ biofertilizers), T5 (50% RDN through inorganic+ 50% RDN through FYM+biofertilizers), T6 (50% RDN through inorganic+50% RDN through neemcake+biofertilizers), T7 (25% RDN through inorganic+75% RDN through vermicompost+biofertilizers), T8 (25% RDN through inorganic+75% RDN through FYM+biofertilizers), T9 (25% RDN through inorganic + 75%RDN through neemcake+biofertilizers), T10 (100% RDN through inorganic +vermicompost), T11 (100% RDN through inorganic +FYM), T12 (100%RDN through inorganic+neemcake), T13 (100% RDN through inorganic+biofertilizers) and T14 (100% RDN 50:75:60 NPK kg ha-1) and T15 (Control). Growth characters like vine length (2.61 m), number of primary branches (7.60), number of nodes per plant (19.37) were significantly increased with the application of 75% recommended dose of nitrogen (RDN) through inorganic fertilizers and 25% RDN through vermicompost along with biofertilizers (Rhizobium + PSB) over other treatment combinations whereas, control (no fertilizer) has recorded poor growth at all the crop stages over other treatments. Vines that received 75% RDN through inorganic+25% RDN through vermicompost +biofertilizers shown early flowering (41.13 days) less number of days to first harvest (50.30 days) while, control has taken more number of days for first flowering (45.93 days) and recorded more number of days to first harvest (54.81 days). Yield components viz., number of clusters per plant, number of pods in a cluster, length and girth of pod and number of seeds per pod differed significantly due to the different INM practices. Among the treatments, application of 75% RDN through inorganic fertilizers and 25% RDN through vermicompost along with biofertilizers has recorded higher pod yield (263.7 g plant-1), number of clusters per plant (48.30), number of pods in a cluster (3.93), number of pods per plant (190.20), pod length (62.08 cm) and pod girth (24.87 mm) and number of seeds per pod (15.06) and quality parameters like TSS (3.52°Brix), ascorbic acid content (19.44 mg/100g), total proteins (29.76 g/100g), and total sugars (7.92%), reducing sugars (4.94%), uptake of nitrogen (59.74 kg/ha), phosphorus (14.43 kg/ha) and potassium (48.45 kg/ha). Higher gross returns (Rs 2,85,200.00 ha-1) and benefit: cost ratio (4.01:1) were recorded with the application of 75% RDN through inorganic fertilizers + 25% RDN through vermicompost + biofertilizers. Hence, application of 75% RDN through chemical fertilizers +25% vermicompost +Rhizobium and PSB recorded better growth, higher yield, good quality and maximum net returns along with enhanced soil health as evident by soil fertility after harvest.
