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20149
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Subject: Plant Physiology × End date: 2014 × Start date: 2014 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of bio-priming of BCA and PGPR compared to other priming methods on seed germination behaviour and fungal disease incidence in okra
    (JNKVV, 2014) Uikey, Motilal; Mitra, N.G.
    The present investigation had been designed with the objectives to find out the effects of bio-priming with BCA and PGPR and its best compatibility (combination) with the other priming methods. The field experiment was performed during Rabi, 2011-12 in the premises plots and the laboratory experiments at Biofertilizer Production Centre (BPC), Department of Soil Science & Agril. Chemistry, JNKVV, Jabalpur. The biocontrol agent (BCA) T. viride and plant growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) P. fluorescens were obtained from the production unit of BPC. The healthy seeds of okra (cv. VRO-6, short duration of 85 – 90 days, yield potential of 250–350 q/ha, and resistant to yellow vein mosaic virus) were obtained from the Department of Horticulture, JNKVV, Jabalpur. The experiment comprising a total 16 treatment combinations (including one untreated control) was laid out in RBD design with 3 replications. Primarily, the seed (500 g) treatments were: Hydro-priming (HP) with moisture imbibitions for 16 hr; Osmo-priming (OP) with PEG-6000 253 g/lit water at osmotic potential -1.2 MPa for 12 hr; Matrix priming (MP) with carbonized bagasse- 250 g sugarcane pressmud charred at 121oC mixed with sand soil (4:1) for 24 hr; and bio-priming for seed coating with BCA (log10 4 cfu/seed) and PGPR (log10 7 cfu/seed). The seeds were then conditioned to dry at room temperature for 72 hrs till original seed moisture content (SMC) comes down to 7-10%. The combination of seed treatments were performed first with individual priming either HP/OP/MP and conditioned, then bio-primed with either BCA/PGPR alone and dual inoculated with BCA+PGPR. Observations were made on germination attributes of the primed seeds for mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), time to germinate 50% seeds (T50%), and seed vigour index (SVI); physico-chemical properties of initial composite soil sample; chemical analysis of soil (plot wise) for total and available N and P at crop harvest; and chemical analysis of plants (whole) for contents of N and P at crop harvest. Microbiological analysis was accomplished for population dynamics of T. viride and P. fluorescens on surface of seeds at 0, 1 and 2 months of storage; and population dynamics in rhizospheric soils at seedling, flowering and harvest of the crop. Laboratory visual test of plants for incidence of soil borne fungal diseases (using Disease rating scale) was performed at seedling, flowering and harvest of the crop. Fruit yield of okra was also recorded at harvest. The data on microbial population were processed for semi-logarithmic transformation prior to undergoing statistical test of significance. The recorded data for each parameter individually were computed statistically for test of significance of the treatments applied. The treatments of HP+BCA+PGPR, HP+BCA, and BCA+PGPR performed the best for decreasing MGT by -29.23%, -28.30%, and -28.16% (untreated control 6.00 days); decreasing T50% by -30.40%, -24.87%, and -24.07% (control 6.193 days); increasing GI by 10.88, 10.85, and 10.52 (control 72.12); and increasing SVI by 42.13%, 39.18%, and 39.09% (control 697.73). The overall population dynamics of T. viride on surface of the seeds changed hyperbolically as 5.19x105 cfu/seed (log cfu 5.71518), 3.88x105 cfu/seed (log cfu 5.58813) and 2.51x105 cfu/seed (log cfu 5.39998) and that of P. fluorescens as 4.50x107 cfu/seed (log cfu 7.68115), 1.83x107 cfu/seed (log cfu 7.26240) and 7.25x106 cfu/seed (log cfu 6.86051). But, the change in population dynamics of T. viride in rhizospheric soil was parabolic 5.92x105 cfu/g soil (log cfu 5.8026), 1.62x106 cfu/g soil (log cfu 6.20972) and 6.82x105 cfu/g soil (log cfu 5.83372) and that of P. fluorescens as 6.64x104 cfu/g soil (log cfu 4.82227), 2.77x105 cfu/g soil (log cfu 5.44258) and 1.43x105 cfu/g soil (log cfu 5.15561). The overall mean of the disease incidence at the three respective growth stages of the crop exhibited a hyperbolic change as 4.21, 3.10, and 3.16 percent. For soil total nitrogen, the treatments HP+BCA+PGPR, BCA+PGPR, HP+PGPR, and PGPR alone increased but non-significantly by 0.59%, 0.50%, 0.49%, and 0.38%, respectively (998.53 kgN/ha); for soil available nitrogen increased significantly by 25.49%, 24.71%, and 22.27%, respectively (control 262.35 kgN/ha); and for soil total phosphorus increased but non-significantly with HP+BCA+PGPR, HP+PGPR, BCA+PGPR, and PGPR alone by 2.30%, 1.71%, 1.54%, and 1.52%, respectively (control 350.38 kgP2O5/ha); for soil available phosphorus increased significantly by 41.71%, 39.16%, 39.85%, and 38.84%, respectively over untreated control (22.77 kgP2O5/ha). The response for plant nitrogen content with HP+BCA+PGPR, BCA+PGPR, HP+PGPR, and PGPR alone by 37.77%, 37.65%, 31.98%, and 31.57%, respectively (control 2.75% N); for plant phosphorus content by 26.66%, 26.66%, 26.66%, and 20.00%, respectively (control 0.15% P). Similarly, the okra pod yield was 22.70%, 20.39%, and 19.97%, respectively (control 22.78 q/ha) with the treatments of HP+BCA+PGPR, HP+PGPR, and PGPR alone, respectively. Further, it was concluded that the basic priming methods were responded in the order of HP>OP>MP, might be due to respective better imbibitions and environment for improved seed germination and uniformly healthy stand of plants. Further, bio-priming in addition to the basic priming was essential in view to support microbial activities on seed and in rhizosphere.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of varying environment on morpho-physiological attributes and seed quality of niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) cass
    (JNKVV, 2014) Patel, Atul; Rao, S.
    ABSTRACT The present investigation “Effect of varying environment on morpho- physiological attributes and seed quality of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.]” under taken at Research Farm of Project Coordinating Unit of Sesame and Niger, (ICAR), JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) during the kharif season of 2012-2013. The treatment combination composes of six varieties and four date of sowing in split plot design replicated thrice. Various treatment of varieties and dates of sowing influenced showed marked imperiently in physiological biochemical estimation, and morphological yield attributing components of growth and productivity of niger. and varieties comprised of six niger varieties Viz., JNC-1, JNS-9, Utkal Niger-150, Birsa Niger-2, IGP-76, and GA-10 which were assessed for various morpho-physiological traits and productivity potential The results revealed that among phenological traits indicated that Birsa Niger-2 had the earliest bud initiation (38.25 days), flower initiation (44.58 days) and days to 50 % flowering (56.25 days), however Birsa Niger-2 was found to be associated with longer reproductive phase (72.33 days). Birsa Niger-2 (93.66 days) attained the physiological maturity at the earliest. These traits may be utilized in a breeding programme. JNS-9 LAI (2.42), LAD (36.42 cm2days), Birsa Niger-2 CGR (4.97 g/cm2/day), JNC-1 RGR (0.026 g/g/day) SLA (4.97 cm2/g). JNS-9 quantum efficiency (0.035), JNS-9 water use efficiency (6.94 µmol/mmol) and JNS-9 mesophyll efficiency (1409.76 µmol/mmol), JNC-1 photosynthetic rate (34.76 µmol/m2/s), Utkal Niger-150 carboxylation efficiency (0.177 mmol/m2/s -1(m molmol -1) -1 Utkal Niger-150 chlorophyll index (21.40 g/m2) and Birsa Niger-2 transpiration rate (7.042 mmol/m2/s) may be utilized in a breeding programme for mentioned traits. Resulted in a higher magnitudes of plant height (98.68 cm), number of capitule/plant (34.83), number of seeds/capitule (28.00), effective nodes/plant (cm) (67.62 cm) and number of nodes/plant (8.42) which in turn had reflected in highest grain yield (481.33 kg/ha). The result revealed that higher magnitudes of growing degree days (875.82 days), flower initiation (907.04 days) and days to 50 % flowering (1139.12 days), however Birsa Niger-2 was found to be associated with longer reproductive phase (1421.25 days). Birsa Niger-2 (1724.70 days) attained the physiological maturity at the earliest. heliothermal unit (6303.47days), flower initiation (8123.01days) and days to 50 % flowering (8674.16 days), however Birsa Niger-2 was found to be associated with longer reproductive phase (11342.51 days). Birsa Niger-2 (14487.55 days) attained the physiological maturity at the earliest. and phenothermal unit in (8763.51 days), flower initiation (9691.59 days) and days to 50 % flowering (90557.17 days), however Birsa Niger-2 was found to be associated with longer reproductive phase (14871.44 days). Birsa Niger-2 (18089.99 days) attained the physiological maturity at the earliest. JNC-1 was ranked second in yield performance in resultant of comparatively higher magnitudes of physiological parameters. Protein (%) (9.12) and oil % (40.22), JNC-1 seed fat yield kg/ha (194.35), Utkal Niger-150 fibre % (15.22), and Birsa Niger-2 ash %(4.61).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on physiology of growth, productivity and quality of niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) cass.]
    (JNKVV, 2014) Sahu, shweta; Rao, S.
    The present investigation “Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizer on physiology of growth productivity and quality of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.]” under taken at Research Farm of Project Coordinating Unit of Sesame and Niger, (ICAR), JNKVV, Jabalpur (M.P.) during the kharif season of 2013-2014. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design replicated thrice and treatments comprised of ten mungbean treatments which were assessed for various morphophysiological traits and productivity potential. The results revealed that the phenological traits were effected due to treatments and indicated that 100% RDF +FYM @ 4 t/ha had the earliest bud initiation (30.66 days), flower initiation (41.00 days), days to 50% flowering (48.33 days), days to completion of flowering (66.33 days), days to physiological maturity (83.66 days) and days to physical maturity (104.66 days). These traits may be utilized in a breeding programme. Treatment 100% RDF + FYM @ 4 t/ha possessed LAI (5.616), LAD (84.247 cm2days), CGR (20.014 g/cm2/day), RGR (0.046 g/g/day) SLA (28.779 cm2/g), SLW (0.08009 cm2/g), quantum efficiency (0.055), water use efficiency (14.95 µmol/mmol), mesophyll efficiency (783.89 µmol/mmol), photosynthetic rate (56.29 µmol/m2/s), carboxylation efficiency (0.246 mmol/m2/s-1(m molmol -1) -1, chlorophyll index (52.08 g/m2), air temperature (32.08 0C), canopy temperature (30.89 0C) and control (no fertilizer) transpiration rate (6.95 mmol/m2/s) may be utilized in a breeding programme for mentioned traits. 100% RDF + FYM @ 4 t/ha resulted higher magnitudes of plant height (114.6 cm), branch number/plant (9.13), nodes/plant (7.80), effective node length (61.4 cm), no. of capitula (66.4), no. of seeds/capitula (64.11), capitula weight (0.344 g/plant), 1000 seed weight (8.35 g) which in turn had reflected in maximum seed yield (704.00 kg/ha). This was followed by 100% RDF + Vermicompost @ 2t/ha as related to yield performance (695.00 kg/ha) which may be the higher magnitudes of physiological parameters. 100% RDF + FYM @ 4 t/ha resulted higher magnitudes. Protein (%) (22.75) and oil % (40.18), seed oil yield kg/ha (283).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of foliar application of seaweed extract and plant growth regulators on growth, productivity and quality of soybean [Glycine max. (L.) merrill]
    (JNKVV, 2014) Mahajan, Gopal Madhukar; Dwivedi, S.K.
    ABSTRACT The present research investigation entitled "Effect of foliar application of seaweed extract and plant growth regulators on growth, productivity and quality of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merill ]” was conducted with seventh treatments of seaweed extract (SWE) and plant growth regulators, Viz., TIBA, B-9, NAA, with various concentration in a RBD design with three replication, At the Research Farm Dusty Acre, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics. JNKVV, Jabalpur during kharif season 2013-14. A progressive pattern of increase in LAI was noted with the treatment of crop age and maximum was noted with 70-80 DAS. Application of Seaweed extract (SWE) granules @12.5 kg/ha + seaweed foliar spray @120 ml/ha (25, 40 and 60 DAS) Maximum LAI was recorded with this treatment. The LAD increase up to 70-80 DAS and there after it declined sharply. Maximum LAD was maintained with SWE granules + foliar spray (25, 40 and 60 DAS) and with other treatment. Similarly, maximum CGR, RGR and SLA was noted at 70-80 DAS with a differential pattern among various treatment of foliar spray and granule application. The productivity of a crop is dependent on its inherent capacity of photosynthesis, photosynthetic assimilatory and availability of photo synthetically active radiation within the canopy. The data regarding photosynthetic rate revealed that the application of TIBA and SWE granules + foliar spray (25, 40 and 60 DAS) of treatment are highest and this treatment also increases the grain yield significantly enhanced PAR absorption, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content under control all these parameters were significantly longer. The application of seaweed extract (SWE) granules +foliar spray (25, 40 and 60 DAS). There was increase chlorophyll content and photosynthetic parameters were positively correlated with seed yield, while antioxidant capacity was negatively correlated with photosynthesis and seed yield. Since seaweed extract play beneficial role, because it contain cytokinins, auxin and auxin like substances which enhanced stomatal conductance, regulation of bio-synthetic enzymes, increased photosynthetic efficiency and carbon assimilation. There was positively increase canopy architecture, biomass production, structural components of yields and seed yield of soybean. The betterment in structural components of yield resulted in maximum realization of productivity potential in soybean with foliar application of seaweed extract (SWE), The yield attributing character of soybean viz., No. of pods/plant, pod weight, seed yield/plant and(q/ha), biological yield/plant and (q/ha), harvest index(%),and also seed protein%, nitrogen%. The 24.97% increase in seed yield over control. Significantly improved with treatment Seaweed extract (SWE) granules @12.5 kg/ha + seaweed foliar spray @120 ml/ha (25, 40 and 60 DAS) DAS. Remaining other components significantly maximum plant height, total no. of nodes/ effective nodes and pod length registered under foliar spray of NAA. Also the TIBA significantly reduced plant height, increase no. of branches/plant and seed index%.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological variability analysis soybean (Glycine max [L.] merrill]
    (JNKVV, 2014) Parihar, Sanjay Kumar; Upadhyaya, S.D.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological investigation on refinement of fertility schedule for maximizing growth, productivity and quality of niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f) cass]
    (JNKVV, 2014) Bonde, Priyanka Jagdish; Rao, S.
    ABSTRACT The present research experiment entitled “Physiological investigation on refinement of fertility schedule for maximizing growth, productivity and quality of Niger [Guizotia abyssinica (L.f.) Cass.] ” was conducted with ten treatments with different fertility levels T1 - 20:00:00 (N:P:K), T2 - 20:10:10 (N:P:K), T3 - 30:20:10 (N:P:K), T4 - 40:30:20 (N:P:K), T5 - 60:20:10 (N:P:K), T6 - 60:40:20 (N:P:K), T7 - RDF 40:20:10 (N:P:K), T8 - 75% RDF+2t FYM/ha, T9 - RDF+1t FYM/ha and T10 - Control in RBD design with three replication, at the Research Farm of Project Coordinating Unit of Sesame and Niger, (ICAR), JNKVV, Jabalpur (MP) during the kharif season of 2013-2014. The results revealed that the phenological traits indicated that T6 (60:40:20 N:P:K kg/ha), had the earliest bud initiation (30.33 days), flower initiation (41.00 days) and days to 50 % flowering (46.00), reproductive phase (85.66 days), (106.66 days) attained the physical maturity at the earliest. Treatment (60:40:20 N:P:K kg/ha) possessed LAI (2.46), LAD (45.44 cm2days), CGR (3.06 g/cm2/day), RGR (0.0259 g/g/day), quantum efficiency (0.0548 µmol/m²/s-1), water use efficiency (7.97 µmol/mmol) and mesophyll efficiency (827.57 µmol/mmol), photosynthetic rate (55.3 µmol/m2/s), carboxylation efficiency (0.2349 mmol/m2/s-1(mmolmol-1)-1 chlorophyll index (50.9 g/m2) and transpiration rate (6.93 mmol/m2/s). While SLA was maximum in T5 @ 60:20:10 NPK kg/ha (0.0779 cm2/g) Application of varying fertility levels resulted in a higher magnitude with plant height (116.2 cm), number of capitule/plant (66), number of seeds/capitule (46.06), length of effective nodes/plant (68.53 cm) and number of nodes/plant (8.73), weight of capitula (0.339 g) which in turn had reflected in highest grain yield (703 kg/ha). The result revealed that higher magnitudes Protein (%) (21.56) and oil % (40.06), seed oil yield kg/ha (279). However the trail can be conducted in larger plot size for future recommendations.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Physiological assessment of assimilate partitioning, growth, productivity and quality of soybean (Glycine max (L). merrill) under long term application
    (JNKVV, 2014) Deore, Tejas Shantaram; Dwivedi, S.K.
    AB S T R AC T The present research investigation entitled “Physiological assessment of assimilate partitioning, growth, productivity and quality of soybean (Glycine max (L). merill) under long term fertilizer application” was conducted with ten treatments of various levels of inorganic and organic fertilizers, Viz., NPK, S, Zn, and FYM in a RBD with four replication, at Research Farm, Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry; College of Agriculture JNKVV, Jabalpur during kharif season 2013-14. The various levels of organic and inorganic fertilizers significantly affected assimilatory, physiological, morphological and biochemical traits of growth and productivity. A progressive pattern of increase in LAI was noted with advancement of crop age and maximum was noted with the treatment 100% recommended dose of fertilizer (20:80:20 NPK kg/ha) + FYM (15t/ha) at 60 DAS. The LAD increases up to 45-60 DAS and there after it declined sharply. Maximum LAD was maintained with 100% RDF + FYM (15t/ha) 30-45, 45-60 and 60-75 DAS. Similarly, maximum CGR, RGR and SLA was noted at 45-60 DAS with a differential pattern among various treatments of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The productivity of a crop is dependent on its inherent capacity of photosynthesis, photosynthetic assimilatory surface area and availability of photo synthetically active radiation within the crop canopy. The application of 100% RDF + FYM (15t/ha), significantly enhanced PAR absorption, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, leaf chlorophyll and carotenoid contents along with the seed protein and oil content. The betterment in structural components of yield resulted in maximum realization of productivity potential in soybean with the application of RDF 100% + FYM. The yield attributing characters of soybean viz., plant height, total no. of nodes, effective nodes and pod length No. of pods/plant, pod weight, biological yield/plant and (kg/ha), harvest index(%) and seed yield/plant and(kg/ha), significantly improved with treatment comprising of 100% RDF + FYM (15t/ha). It is concluded that 100% RDF (20:80:20 NPK kg/ha) + FYM (15t/ha) combination is the optimum combination for achieving maximum production, better growth rate and efficient partitioning of assimilates to the economic sink and also for a higher photosynthetic efficiency of soybean.