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Subject: Seed Science and Production Technology ×

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Now showing 1 - 9 of 14
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Desiccants on Seed Quality Under Hermetic Storage
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Kishore Kumar; Hilli, J.S.
    An investigation was undertaken with main objectives to know the effect of desiccants on seed quality parameters of crop seeds during storage and to assess the benefit cost ratio of storage method (economics) in wheat, bengalgram and sunflower with initial seed moisture content of 12.3, 10.2 and 8.9 per cent, respectively was carried out between August, 2016 to April, 2017 at the Department of Seed Science and Technology, College of Agriculture, UAS, Dharwad. Quantity of desiccants stored per kilogram of seed in each crop viz. wheat, bengalgram and sunflower seeds is 0.37, 0.26 and 0.21 kg for zeolite beads (Rhino Research), one kg for both silica gel, calcium carbonate and control without desiccant in air tight container. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications. Seed stored with zeolite beads recorded the highest germination (88.8, 88.2 and 89.4 %) which was on par with silica gel (87.2, 86.8 and 88.0 %) at the end of storage period. Lower seed moisture, 100 seed weight was observed in the seeds stored with silica gel at the end of storage period. Higher rate of germination, shoot length, root length, seedling vigour-I, seedling dry weight and dehydrogenase activity was observed in seeds stored with zeolite beads which was on par with silica gel at the end of storage period. The maximum benefit cost ratio of (14.57:1, 18.11:1 and 71.88:1) and (12.7:1, 16.28:1 and 67.85:1) was recorded with zeolite beads and silica gel in wheat, bengalgram and sunflower crop, respectively at the end of storage period compared to control. Therefore, we can be concluded that the zeolite beads can be used safely for seed drying without impairment in seed quality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Genotypes, Date of Sowing and Fertilizer Application on Seed Yield and Quality of Sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.)
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-06) Sanggonda; Eshanna M.R.
    A field experiment to study the effect of three dates of sowing [first fortnight (FN) of July (F1), second FN of July (F2) and first FN of August (F3)], two genotype [Local and SUN-053] and three fertilizer levels [25:50:25 (F1), 31.25:62.5:31.25 (F2) and 37.5:75:37.5 (F3) NPK kg ha-1] on seed yield and quality of sunnhemp was conducted at the Agricultural Research Station, Kalloli, in Belgaum district of Karnataka during kharif 2016. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with three replications under irrigation. Among all dates of sowing, significantly higher plant height, number of branches and dry matter production with yield and yield attributes like, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, seed yield per plant (20.02 g plant-1) , thousand seed weight (44.91 g) and seed yield (1,798 kg ha-1) were recorded under D3 date of sowing. Application of high dose of fertilizer F3 recorded significantly higher seed yield (1,808 kg ha-1) and significantly higher values of yield components compared to F2 and F1. Similarly the growth parameters were significantly higher at F3 fertilizer compared to F2 and F1. Among genotypes significantly higher growth, seed yield and seed quality parameters were recorded in local genotype (1,712 kg ha-1) over variety SUN-053 (1,657 kg ha-1). Since dry matter is more in local genotype (98.55 g plant-1) so it is more suitable for growing as green manuring crop. Best treatment combination (D3G1F3) was sunnhemp local genotype sown during 1st FN of August applied with 37.5:75:37.5 NPK kg ha-1 recorded higher seed yield (1,999 kg ha-1), seed germination (81.50 %) and seedling vigour index (3431) over the other variety, dates of sowing and fertilizer dosages in the Northern Dry Zone of Karnataka (Zone-3).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Biopriming with Seed Endophytes and its Effect on Seedling Vigour in Greengram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Rosada, Siqueira Jovita; Chandrashekhar S.S.
    An investigation was undertaken to assess the presence of seed endophytes in ten different genotypes of greengram viz., DGGV-2, IPM -2-14, IPM -2-14, TM -96-2, VGG, Vamban 2, China mung, Sona mung, MH-2-15 and IPM-2-03 and their ability to produce Indole-3-acetic acid and solubilize mineral insoluble phosphates and also to assess the efficacy of isolated endophytes on seedling growth in both laboratory and green house conditions. A total of 128 isolates obtained from the 10 genotypes out of which, 13 were actinobacteria and 115 were bacteria. Screening for plant growth promoting activities revealed that out of 128 isolates AUUB 417, AUUB 433, AUUB 440, AUUB 465, AUUB 507, AUUB 454 and AUUB 456 were positive for the IAA production and AUUB 456 and AUUB 507 showed positive for phosphate solubilzation. These seven isolates were used for seed treatment in all ten varieties. Among the seed treatments, variety DGGV-2 recorded higher germination (89.79 %), root length (22.46 cm), shoot length (20.56 cm), vigour index (3874), seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, lower electrical conductivity and moisture content compared to other varieties under both laboratory and green house conditions. Seeds treated with the isolate AUUB 456 recorded higher germination (87.90%), root length (22.31 cm), shoot length (19.12 cm), vigour index (3649), seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, lower electrical conductivity and moisture content as compared to seeds treated with other isolates under both laboratory and green house conditions. In the interactions of varieties and isolates (V  I) DGGV-2 with AUUB 417 and DGGV-2 with AUUB 433 showed higher vigour index in laboratory conditions and DGGV-2 with AUUB 417, DGGV-2 with AUUB 456 and IPM -2-14 with AUUB 456 showed higher seedling vigour under green house condition.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Foliar Application of Growth Substances on Seed Yield, Quality and Storability of Soybean (Glycine max L. Merill)
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Keerthana C.G.; Vyakaranahal, B.S.
    A field experiment was conducted at the Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad, during kharif 2016 with factorial RCBD design, first factor consisted of two varieties namely, JS 335 and DSb 21 and second factor consisted of foliar application of growth substances consisted of six treatments viz., T1: Salicylic acid @ 50 ppm at seedling stage and at pod initiation stage, T2: GA3 @ 50 ppm at seedling stage, T3:Acetyl salicylic acid @ 20 ppm at seedling and pod filling stage, T4: KH2PO4 @ 2 % flowering and pod filling stage, T5: α- tocopherol @ 100 ppm at seedling, flowering and pod filling stage and T6: Control. The vegetative growth characters, seed yield (2,59583 kg / ha) was found superior in the treatment T5 and it was on par with T1 compared to T6. The laboratory experiment was conducted in the Department of Seed Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad for a period of nine months during 2016 - 2017 with factorial CRD design, first factor consisted of two packaging materials viz., cloth bag and HDPE bag and second factor consisted of eight seed treatments. The results revealed that, the higher germination (95.33%), vigour index, low electrical conductivity of seed leachate and low insect infestation was observed in T7: Polymer seed coating @ 5 ml per kg of seeds + vitavax @ 2 g per kg of seeds + deltametrin @ 0.3 ml per kg of seeds compared to control. The foliar spray of α- tocopherol @ 100 ppm at seedling, flowering and pod filling stage (T5) gives higher yield. The seed treatment with Polymer seed coating @ 5 ml per kg of seeds + vitavax @ 2 g per kg of seeds + deltametrin @ 0.3 ml per kg of seeds (T7) maintains better quality.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Seed Moisture, Vigour Levels and Packaging Materials on Storability of Sorghum, Greengram and Sunflower
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Patil, Savita S.B.; Biradarpatil, N.K.
    A study was undertaken to elucidate the effects of different moisture, vigour levels and packaging materials on storability of sorghum, greengram and sunflower crop seeds at the Seed Quality and Research Laboratory, National Seed Project (crops), University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad during 2016-2017. The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 13 treatments replicated thrice. The zeolite beads were found to be useful to reduce the seed moisture to lower level and further maintenance during the storage, thus resulting in better storability of seeds. The low moisture content (5 %) has affected the seed germination and vigour in sorghum and greengram because of low temperature injury and in case of sunflower, the seeds dried to 5 per cent showed high value for seed germination and other quality parameters. Among the various biochemical parameters studied, the protein content (5.79-5.59 %) in greengram, sugar (68.37-66.74 %) in sorghum and oil content (39.43-37.10 %) in sunflower were found to decrease, as the storage period progressed while the electrical conductivity and reducing sugar content increased with increase in storage period. Whereas the total dehydrogenase (TDH) and peroxidase activity decreased with increase in storage period. The rate of reduction in seed quality was lower with lower vigour seeds compared to high vigour seeds. A significantly better improvement in the seed quality was maintained in low vigour seeds though high vigour seeds maintained higher seed germination and other seed quality parameters throughout the storage period. High vigour seeds at 7 per cent moisture level in sorghum and greengram and at 5 per cent in sunflower seeds stored in aluminum pouch recorded better germination and other seed quality parameters over low vigour seeds with other moisture level and packaging material at the end of storage period.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Prediction of Field Performance and Storability of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seed Lots Through Vigour Tests
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Smayli Rana; Biradarpatil, N.K.
    Study was conducted to predict field performance and storability of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed lots through vigour tests in the Seed Quality Research Laboratory of National Seed Project, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. Twenty groundnut seed lots with varied vigour levels based on different germination percentages were used. The data was analysed through CRD and RCBD design for laboratory and field data along with correlation and regression. Vigour tests were conducted and significant differences were found among the lots based on vigour levels. Significant correlation among the vigour tests was found with highest correlation of seedling vigour index (r = 0.991) followed by accelerated ageing test (r = 0.913), electrical conductivity test (r = 0.893) and mean germination time (r = 0.836) with germination test. In field, growth parameters i.e. speed of emergence, field emergence, plant population per plot, plant height at 30 and 60 days after sowing and number of leaves per plant varied significantly as influenced by vigour levels and vigorous seed lots had significantly higher growth as well as seed parameters i.e. pod yield per meter square, pod yield per hectare and shelling percentage. Significant correlation was observed among laboratory and field parameters. Higher pod yield among vigorous seed lots was attributed to higher speed of emergence, field emergence and plant population per plot based on regression analysis. General decline in seed quality parameters i.e. germination, root length, shoot length, seedling dry weight, seedling vigour index, protein content and oil content was observed. However, an increase in electrical conductivity and lipase activity was found and vigorous seed lots retained higher quality parameters during storage. The radicle emergence test also gave significant results in both laboratory and field studies. Among vigour tests, electrical conductivity test could be used to predict storability of seed lots with similar germination.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Seed Yield, Quality and Storability of Single Cross Maize Hybrid GH-0727
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2016-06) Govinda; Jolli, R.B.
    A field and laboratory experiments were conducted during kharif 2015 to study the influence of growth regulators on field performance, seed quality and storability of maize hybrid GH-0727 at Saidapur unit, Main Agriculture Research Station and at the Seed Quality and Research Laboratory, National Seed Project (NSP), Dharwad respectively. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design and replicated thrice with nine treatments viz., Control, GA3 (50 ppm), IBA (100 ppm), GA3 (50 ppm) + IBA (100 ppm), GA3 (75 ppm) + IBA (125 ppm), mepiquat chloride (200 ppm), mepiquat chloride (300 ppm), Salicylic acid (1mM) and (1.5mM). Among the treatments, application of GA3 (50 ppm) + IBA (100 ppm) recorded significantly higher plant height at maturity (203.33 cm ), less number of days to 50 % tasseling (53), silking (57.33) and days to maturity (118). Similarly higher number of seeds per row (29.33), test weight (28.06 g), seed yield per hectare (24.87 q) and shelling percentage (83.66) were recorded. Also significantly higher germination percentage (98.30), root length (22.52 cm), shoot length (12.86 cm) and seedling vigour index (3478) were also recorded. The harvested seeds were stored for six months to study the influence of these treatments on seed quality and storability. Among the treatments application of GA3 (50 ppm) + IBA (100 ppm) recorded significantly higher seed quality parameters followed by GA3 (75 ppm) + IBA (125 ppm) at 1st and 2nd month of storage period. Among containers, seeds stored in HDPE bag (700-800 gauge) maintained satisfactory seed quality as per the minimum seed certification standards up to six months of storage period.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    SILT AND SAND MINERALOGY OF SELECTED ASSOCIATED RED AND BLACK SOILS OF NORTH KARNATAKA
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2003) NATARAJA, K C; BASAVARAJ, B
    Six soil profiles from three sites of North Karnataka viz., Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad in Dharwad district, Bheemarayanagudi in Gulbarga district and Mantagani in Haveri district were collected to identify and determine the secondary and primary minerals silt and sand fractions. Identification of primary minerals in silt and sand fractions was made by XRD and petrographic method respectively and determination of secondary minerals in the silt fraction through chemical methods. It was revealed that structure in red and black pedons were predominantly sub-angular blocky and angular blocky in subsurface horizon of Bheemarayanagudi black pedon. Slickensides were common feature in black pedons and their intensity was more in middle of the solumn. Free iron oxides content was more in red pedon compared to the associated black pedon. Among the three study sites, Bheemarayanagudi had low amount of free iron oxides as it was devoid of iron bearing minerals while free calcium carbonate was more at Bheemarayanagudi sites than Main Agricultural Research Station, Dharwad and Mantagani sites. Smectite and vermiculite content was more over other secondary minerals in the silt fraction of all the red and black pedons and little amount of Kaolinite was found in the pedons. Among the primary minerals quartz, mica, potassium and sodium feldspars were dominant as identified by XRD in the silt fractions of all the pedons. Fine sand fraction showed the dominance of light minerals like quartz, biotite mica, Na-Feldspars, K-Feldspars and apatite. The abundance of these minerals is high at the surface layer of Dharwad black pedon compared to its red counterpart indicating more weathering status of the associated red pedon. Whereas, these difference is not much conspicuous in other two sites. However, the presence of weathering resistant minerals like zirconium throughout the depths of both red and black pedons of Mantagani site indicated similar weathering status of the associated red and black pedon.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    INFLUENCE OF SPACING, NUTRITION, PINCHING AND HORMONES ON PLANT GROWTH, SEED YIELD AND QUALITY OF CORIANDER (Coriandrum sativum L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2003) IYYANNAGOUDA, SOUMYA; SHEKHARGOUDA, M
    ABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLE