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ThesisItem Open Access Impact of Anthropogenic Activities and Land Slope on Productivity and Plant Diversity in Two Forest Types of Uttara Kannada District(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Patgar, Greeshma Shivanand; Rajakumar, G.R.ThesisItem Open Access Study on Impacts of Watershed Management Practices on Forest Phytosociology and Soil Nutrient Status in Micro Watersheds of Sirsi Taluk(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) James, Athira; Koppad, A.G.This study was taken up in the Kalve watershed of Uttara Kannada district to assess the impact of watershed management on plant density, diversity and soil nutrients status in forests by College of Forestry, Sirsi. The field works were carried out during 2016-17. The quadrats were laid in randomised block design. Treated watershed with trenches, vented dams and ponds were compared with a control watershed. The tree density and basal area showed a significant increase over the control plot. Trench- I and trench- II sites showed highest tree density (1500 and 1513 stems per hectare respectively) and basal area (34.13 and 36.75 m2/ha respectively). The lowest density was found under the vented dam site followed by control site. The tree diversity under the various watershed treatments showed that the small pond site had the maximum diversity as expressed by Shannon-Weiner (H=2.88) and Simpson (D=0.079) index followed by the large pond site. The highest regeneration and shrub diversity was found under the trench-II site. Herb diversity and density were maximum under the trench-I site. The control site showed the least herb and shrub density. The soil physico-chemical properties varied significantly with watershed treatment proving the effectiveness of management practices in improving soil properties. The soil bulk density and electrical conductivity varied significantly between the treated and untreated sites while the soil pH remained unaffected by the watershed management practices adopted. The available nitrogen in the soil was significantly highest in the large pond, trench-I and trench-II site (236.6, 231.3 and 226.87 kg/ha respectively). The control plot and vented dam site showed significantly lowest organic carbon (1.54 and 1.04 per cent respectively). Trench-II site showed the significantly highest available phosphorus, potassium and organic carbon. The study proves the effectiveness of watershed management practices in improving plant diversity and soil nutrients in forests.ThesisItem Open Access Assessment of Supply and Demand of Fuel-Wood in Micro-Watersheds of Sirsi Taluk(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2017-07) Banavasi, Pallavi P.; Koppad, A.G.A study to assess the supply and demand of fuel-wood and interventions to reduce the pressure on forest was conducted by College of Forestry, Sirsi, UAS, Dharwad in two watersheds (5B1A5 and 4D4F5) of Sirsi taluk of Uttar Kannada district during 2016-2017. The experimental design was split-plot design. Five villages were selected in each watershed. Supply of fuel-wood from forest for each village was assessed through sample plots laid in the forests near the village and away from the village and replicated same for all the villages. Each treatment was transect with size 100 m × 10 m in which fuel-wood species, deadwood availability, cut stumps and tree growth parameters were recorded. The household survey was conducted in 120 households in the villages through questionnaire. In each village, the demand for fuel-wood in small, medium and large families were assessed. The supply of fuel-wood in terms of volume of deadwood from forests of 5B1A5 was 11.56 m3/ha and that of 4D4F5 was 18.15 m3/ha. The other sources of fuel-wood were from bettaland, agro-forestry and agriculture waste. The most preferred fuel-wood species were Acacia auraculiformis, Terminalia paniculata and Xylia xylocarpa. The demand of fuel-wood in 5B1A5 was 5.23 quintals/year/person and 3.86 quintals/year/person in 4D4F5. The higher consumption of fuel-wood in 5B1A5 was due to more requirement of fuel-wood for arecanut and Garcinia processing. Biogas, solar heaters, LPG, improved chullas and electric stoves were the alternate sources of energy. The fuel-wood saving due to these interventions was 0.4 tonnes/year/person in 5B1A5 and 0.5 tonnes/year/person in 4D4F5. With 100% intervention introduction in villages, fuel-wood could be saved to about 2,703 tonnes/year in 5B1A5 and 306.6 tonnes/year in 4D4F5. Hence, there is a scope to introduce interventions in these villages to reduce the pressure on forest.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on Soil Properties as Influenced by Tree Plantations in Badhanagodu Watershed Area of Uttar Kannada(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2015-07) Parashuram C.S.; Dasar G.V.
