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ThesisItem Open Access AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF WATER AT DOMESTIC LEVEL(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2000) Huilgol, Shobha N; Sumangala, P R"An investigation on analytical study of water at domestic level was carried out in the year 1999-2000 in Dharwad city. Four residential areas viz., Hosayellapur, Gulganjikoppa, Murgamath and University of Agricultural Sciences Campus, Dharwad were considered. Survey and laboratory experiment were carried out to know the consumption pattern of water, chemical composition, bacterial counts of water and effect of plant materials viz., drumstick seeds, dry amla and clove on hardness reduction of borewell and open well water. Self structured questionnaire, EDTA titrimetric method and standard pour plate method was adopted to collect the data. The survey indicated that majority (82%) of the selected families used corporation (Malaprabha) water for all the household activities and maximum (110.85 It) amount of water was used for bathing. An average water consumption per day per family was 324.91 litres. Most of the families (38%) paid minimum of Rs. 45.00 towards water bill. More than 50 per cent of the families were not facing any problems related to water supply. Bore well and open well water from selected residential areas were collected and analysed for total hardness. It was found that, hardness of bore well water was more in Hosayellapur (1432.8 mg/lt) when compared to other locations. Similarly, hardness of open well water was more in Murgamath area and it was exceeded permissible limit given by WHO i.e. 200-600 mg/lt. Among the selected plant materials viz., drumstic seed, dry amla and clove, 0.8 g of dry amla was found to be good in reducing (16.46%) the hardness of bore well water after one hour of contact time. Similarly for open well water, 0.8 g of clove after 12 hr of contact time was found to be effective in reduction of total hardness. Water treated with dry amla was accepted for its colour, aroma and appearance. Performance of clove was good in reducing the bacterial counts of selected water samples."ThesisItem Open Access EFFECTIVE METHODS OF CONTROLLING THE COCKROACH AT DOMESTIC LEVEL(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2000) KARAMADI, RENUKA H; (SUHASINI RAO)ABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access A STUDY ON SHELF LIFE OF HERBAL EXTRACTS IN MANAGEMENT OF HOUSE DUST MITES(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2000) PATIL, SHOBHA M; SUHASINI RAOABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access METHODS OF STORAGE OF VEGETABLES IN THE REFRIGERATOR AT HOUSEHOLD LEVEL(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, DHARWAD, 2005) Koraddi, Vijaya V; Sumangala, P R"An investigation on methods of storage of vegetables in the refrigerator at household level was carried out in the year 2003-04 in the five residential areas of Dharwad city viz., University residential campus, Kumareshwar Nagar, Sadhankere, Koppad kere and Kalyan Nagar. Survey and laboratory experiment were carried out to find out the prevailing practices of storage of vegetables at household level, to test the efficiency of different packaging materials and to examine the performance of various packaging materials in different shelves on shelf life and quality of vegetables under both household and laboratory refrigerated condition. The survey indicated that cent per cent of the respondents used refrigerator for storage of vegetables. Maximum percentage of households used carry bags to store leafy vegetables (61%), roots and tubers (69%), fruits (64%) and other vegetables (80%). Cent per cent of the respondents stored vegetables in the vegetable basket. Vegetables becoming tasteless was the major problem related to storage of vegetables in the refrigerator as reported by 35 per cent of respondents. The experimental findings revealed that the cumulative physiological loss of weight (CPLW) was less and shelf life was longer under laboratory refrigeration when compared to households refrigeration for most of the vegetables. The 't' value revealed a significant difference between the two conditions. The percentage CPLW and shelf life of selected vegetables under household refrigeration differed significantly in the selected packing materials and the CPLW of all the vegetables was maximum in brown paper bag while it was minimum in polyethylene bag (HDPE). The sensory evaluation index (SEI) score for sensory profile was highest in polyethylene bag under household refrigeration (55.77) and under laboratory refrigeration, it was highest in brown paper bag (69.48). The mean shelf life period (MSLP) for acceptable sensory profile of the vegetables was found to be highest in plastic container under both household and laboratory refrigeration (14.07 and 17.42 days respectively). Based on the ranking scores for physiological and qualitative parameters plastic container was found to be suitable for many vegetables while the uppermost compartment is most ideal to store the vegetables."ThesisItem Open Access EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN IN SELF HELP GROUPS THROUGH POST HARVEST ACTIVITIES(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BANGALORE, 2004) Halligudi, Annapurna N; Sawkar, Susheela P"The study was undertaken with the objectives to know the empowerment of women, their socio-economic status, knowledge, adoption and management of entrepreneurial activities along with the felt needs for their future. SHGs that involved in post harvest activities were selected by multistage stratified random sampling method in four taluks of Dharwad, Gadag, Haveri and Uttar Kannada districts of Karnataka, comprising 159 female members selected from 30 SHGs. The data was collected by personal interview technique with structured schedule. The post harvest activities undertaken by the SHG members were roti making, vermicelli, papad and sandagi making, rava and flour milling, cleaning, grading and packaging activity, preparation of chutney and masala powders, sweets, snacks, milk products, pickles and vegetable selling. 57.73% of the income was contributed through the entrepreneurial activities. Most of the SHGs had undertaken preparation of snacks as a group activity and chutney and masala powder as an individual activity. Majority of the respondents had higher level of awareness in traditional method, hence adopted for the preparation of roties and snacks, vermicelli, papad and sandagi. The reasons for adoption of traditional methods was mainly due to the known processing methods, affordability, acceptability of the product quality and also lower investment. The purchasing of raw materials from the wholesalers was found to be higher. On an average of 1251 number of roties and 117.5 kgs of snacks were produced per week. Almost all the products were sold to the wholesalers and also through other marketing channels. The women SHGs earned highest income of Rs.l909 from the preparation of vermicelli, papad and sandigae. The initial investment on the entrepreneurial activities was Rs. 1691.62 by each respondent. The expenditure on raw material was 60 % and for labour payments was 23%. Majority of the respondents (48%) monthly income ranged from Rs. 1000-5000. Further, the SHG women earned profit of Rs. 100-500 (42.80%) and also Rs.500-1000 (34.00%). The cost benefit ratio was 1.03. Thus, impact of SHGs on the status of the women was relatively more pronounced in the economic sphere. Similarly the development of self confidence, courage, enhancement of knowledge also moulded their overall personality development. The major constraints faced by the SHG women were lack of training and child care facilities, non-availability of raw materials at cheaper rate, lack of marketing facility and the income gained was less. The felt needs put forth by the SHG members were that of good price for their products, provision of raw materials at cheaper rate, better marketing facilities and skill oriented training which may enhance the process of empowerment and the progress of the society as a whole."