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Subject: Family Resource Management × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2014 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of Indoor Air Pollution on Health of Rural Women While Cooking
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2016-06) Badigannavar, Ramya; Hasalkar, Suma
    Indoor air pollutants are nearly the same as that of outdoor ones. The concentration of household pollutants exceeds the standard set for outdoors. IAP is more harmful and possess a greater health hazards, because on an average a person spends nearly 16-18 hours indoor. Keeping in view the greater health hazards of IAP the study was carried out to assess the extent of IAP from biomass combustion in rural kitchen. The study was conducted in three taluk’s of Dharwad district, comprising a sample of 90 women respondents and a sub sample of 30 women respondents. Portable carbon dioxide meter and carbon monoxide meter were used to record the level of pollutants in the kitchen. Blood pressure monitor and heart rate monitor were used to record the blood pressure and heart rate of women while performing cooking activity. Majority of the women respondents belonged to 30-40 years of age group with a mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of 120/80 mmHg. Women performed cooking in indoor with partition having a small size kitchen they usually preferred to cook in the morning and evening hours with biomass fuel using traditional Chula. The average CO and CO2 levels during cooking from biomass was 374.58, 1489.20 ppm respectively which is exceeding the limit set by U.S Environmental protection agency regulation by 200 times for outdoor air pollutants and also WHO limits. The study clearly depicts the problems faced by rural women due to biomass combustion. Maximum women reported eye irritation, nose irritation, irritating throat, cough and shortness of breath a significant correlation was observed between carbon monoxide and blood pressure while performing cooking.
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    Occupational Problems of Women Bus Conductors
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2016-06) Kurbett, Roopa; Jadhav, Veena S.
    The study on occupational problems of women bus conductors was conducted during the year 2015-16 to study the various occupational problems faced by women bus conductors. The total sample comprises 100 samples from Hubbali-Dharwad NWKRTC. Out of 100 women bus conductors a sub sample of 30 were selected to analyze the postural discomfort. The body map was used to identify the musculoskeletal pain among the women bus conductors. The results of the study revealed that majority (37.00 %) of the women bus conductors belonged to the age group of 27-37 years and (48.00 %) of them are degree holders. It also showed that (44.00 %) of the women bus conductors had <4 years experience and (50.00 %) of them earn Rs 10,000 -19,999/-month. In case of job satisfaction overall (62.50 %) of the women bus conductors satisfied with the job and (50.00 %) of them have low job satisfaction. Regarding occupational problems women bus conductors doing full justice to their family with the mean score of (3.99) it has significant association with experience and shift hours. In case of health problems majority of the women bus conductors suffered from health problems such as eye irritation, headache with the mean score (2.11, 2.10 respectively) and health problems has significant association with experience and shift hours. Majority of the women bus conductors suffering from tension because the passengers do not take necessary safety precaution with the mean score (2.60) and psychological problems has significant association with experience, shift hours. It also showed that musculoskeletal pain experience by women bus conductors mainly in the leg and ankle/feet region with the mean score (3.84, 3.56 respectively) and musculoskeletal pain experience has significant association with experience and shift hours. The results also shows that age and family type has positively related with occupational problems, health problems, psychological problems, musculoskeletal pain and job satisfaction of women bus conductors.
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    Participation of Women in Rural and Urban Enterprises of Dharwad and Belgaum Districts
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2016-06) Timmapur, Ashwini N.; Hasalkar, Suma
    A study on participation of women in rural and urban enterprises of Dharwad and Belgaum districts is conducted during the year 2015-16 with the objective to analyze the socio-economic status, type of enterprises taken up, factors influencing the women entrepreneurial activities and the problems faced by the women entrepreneurs. The sample of the study comprises of 200 women entrepreneurs. The data is collected from the respondents by personal interview method using structured pre-tested interview schedule. Appropriate statistical techniques like correlation, Garrett ranking technique, chi-square are used to depict the results. Five success stories of successful women entrepreneurs is documented. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the women entrepreneurs of both rural and urban areas belonged to middle age group. Majority of the rural entrepreneurs had education up to high school level, where as majority of urban entrepreneurs are educated up to college level. About 90 per cent of the women entrepreneurs were married. Tailoring/ Garment business and petty business were taken up by majority of the rural and urban women entrepreneurs. More than 90 per cent of the rural as well as urban women entrepreneurs had invested their own funds for starting the enterprise. Grocessory / stationary enterprise was found to be highly remunerative. Majority of the urban as well as rural entrepreneurs sold their products in the local market. Both rural and urban entrepreneurs ranked the ‘duel roles of homemaker and entrepreneur’ as first among socio-personal problems. ‘Collecting of payment’ and ‘indifferent attitude of customers’ was ranked first by rural and urban entrepreneurs respectively as first among the marketing problems. It can be concluded from the that women in both rural and urban areas are increasingly participating in various enterprises for supporting the family. Her success depends on supports of all members of family, because of low self-confidence as compared to others in undertaking entrepreneurial activity.