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Subject: Crop Physiology × Author: PATIL, SOMASHEKHARGOUDA × End date: 2015 × Start date: 2015 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    PHYSIOLOGICAL BASIS OF HETEROSIS IN COTTON (G. hirsutum L.)
    (University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, 2015-06) PATIL, SOMASHEKHARGOUDA; PATIL, B. C.
    A field experiment was conducted during 2013-14 and 2014-15 under rainfed condition at Agriculture Research Station, Dharwad to study the physiological basis of heterosis in cotton (G. hirsutum L.). The experiment consisted of 30 cotton hybrids and their 23 parents and one check hybrid laid out in a randomized block design with three replications. The hybrid, RGR x SG-4 recorded significantly higher yield (2185 kg ha-1) followed by Robust x RGR 1 (1887 kg ha-1), while the leat was recorded by SG x SG-3 (1166 kg ha-1). Among the parents, RAH-97 recorded significantly higher yield (1589 kg ha-1). All hybrids recorded positive significant heterosis for yield over mid-parent. All hybrids recorded positive significant heterosis for yield and yield components viz., number of bolls per plant, boll weight and harvest index. The highest heterosis for yield was recorded by the hybrid RGR x SG-2 (89.5%) followed by the hybrid Robust x SG-2 (75.2%) while, least was recorded by the hybrid Compact x Robust-1 (12.9%). The hybrid RGR x SG-4 recorded significantly more Total dry mtter (205 g plant-1), SPAD value (54.9), Chlorophyll content (1.285 mg g-1 of fresh weight), photosynthtic rate (24.2 μ mol CO2 m-2 sec-1), leaf area (148 dm2 plant-1) and stomatal conductance (0.31 μ mol CO2 m-2 sec-1). However, the extent of heterosis was heighest in RGR x SG-2 for these parameters. The seed cotton yield was significantly positively correlated with number of bolls per plant (r= 0.875), boll weight (r= 0.815), total dry matter (r= 0.727), SPAD values (r= 0.823), leaf area (r= 0.720), photosynthtic rate (r= 0.629) and stomatal conductance (r= 719). These physiological parameters lead to potential hybrid that has complementation between the hybrids.