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Subject: Biotechnology × Author: Issifu, Muazu × End date: 2016 × Start date: 2014 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Molecular Characterization of Wheat Genotypes for Nitrogen use Efficiency
    (University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2015-09) Issifu, Muazu; Krishnaraj, P.U.
    Molecular characterization and genetic diversity of Indian wheat germplasm were investigated using 20 polymorphic SSR markers. The selected cultivars were evaluated for yield and nitrogen use efficiency indices under zero and 120 kg ha-1 of nitrogen application in a simple Augmented Randomized Block Design during Rabi 2013/2014. The study was under taken to characterize wheat genotypes for nitrogen use efficiency using SSR markers associated with nitrogen use efficiency. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences among entries in respect of some of the characters studied. High PCV, GCV, heritability and genetic advances in T1 were recorded for grain yield, biomass, harvest index and NUE. While in T0, similar results were observed for number of tillers per meter row, biomass and NUE. The rest of the traits recorded moderate to low PCV, GCV, h2 (BS) and Genetic Advance over Mean (GAM). The strength of association between 20 markers and NUE traits was performed using single marker analysis. Results indicated that in T1, fourteen (14) markers showed significant association for NUE traits. Out of these, four markers, MO81, wmc612, wmc24 and Xwmc3918 exhibited the highest R2 value of phenotypic variation whereas in T0, nine (9) markers exhibited significant association with NUE traits with wmc24 and Xwmc3918 exhibiting highest R2 value. Four markers, M081, wmc24, wmc154 and wmc612 were found to be associated with various traits in both T1 and T0 and thus were considered as superior markers under both conditions. These markers could be considered as a potential for marker assisted breeding in wheat. Genetic similarity was calculated using the Jaccard’s similarity coefficient, and dendrogram obtained by clustering according to the Un-weighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Average (UPGMA) based on the SSR data. Most of the genotypes exhibited relatively good NUE. Therefore, they can be used as donor parents in wheat breeding program to combine NUE with high yield varieties.