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Subject: Agronomy × End date: 2009 × Start date: 2009 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: Ph.D ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of pigeonpea based cropping systems under set-furrow cultivation in vertisols
    (UAS Dharwad, 2009) Arjun.Sharma; M.B.Guled
    Three field experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Gulbarga on shallow and medium deep black soils during kharif 2005 and 2006 to evaluate “Performance of pigeonpea based cropping systems under set-furrow cultivation in vertisols”. Evaluation of pigeonpea genotypes of different duration for different planting geometry was conducted in medium deep black soil. Significantly higher seed yield was obtained with ICPL-87119 (15.99 q/ha) which was 8 per cent higher than ICP-8863 (15.00 q ha-1) and 20 per cent higher than WRP-1 (13.44 q/ha) and 48 per cent higher than GC-11-39 (10.68 q/ha). The pigeonpea genotype ICPL-87119 sown at 120cm x 15cm recorded significantly higher net returns (Rs. 25,290/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.69) when compared to ICPL-87119 sown at 90 cm x 20 cm (Rs. 22,868/ha and 2.43, respectively). The genotype ICP-8863 sown at 120 cm x 15 cm recorded a net return of Rs. 22,668 ha-1 and benefit cost ratio (2.40). The short duration genotype GC-11-39 sown at 90 cm x 20 cm recorded a net return of Rs. 14,170/ha and benefit cost ratio 1.69. Intercropped pigeonpea+sesame (1:2) system under set-furrow with application of vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha recorded significantly higher seed yield (15.58 q/ha) and stalk yield (34.31 q/ha) as compared to flat bed method (12.96 q/ha and 28.76 q/ha, respectively). The intercropped pigeonpea+sesame (1:2) system under set-furrow recorded significantly higher net returns (Rs 34,467/ha) and benefit cost ratio (2.91) over sole crop of pigeonpea (Rs 17,407/ha and 1.85, respectively). Effect of set-furrow cultivation was studied in pigeonpea+greengram intercropping system in medium deep black soil. Intercropped pigeonpea+greengram (1:2) system under set-furrow with application of vermicompost @ 2.5 t/ha recorded significantly higher seed yield (16.85 q/ha) and stalk yield (36.57 q/ha) as compared to flat bed method (13.58 q/ha and 29.60 q/ha, respectively). The intercropped pigeonpea+ greengram (1:2) system with set-furrow recorded significantly higher net returns (Rs 36,916/ha) and benefit cost ratio (3.11) over flat bed method (Rs 29,883/ha and 2.82, respectively).
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Performance of senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl) in different cropping systems in northern dry zone of Karnataka
    (UAS Dharwad, 2009) Pandit S.Rathod; D.P.Biradar
    Two field experiments were conducted under rainfed conditions during rabi seasons of 2004- 05 and 2005-06 and two field experiments during kharif season of 2005-06 at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bijapur, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad on medium black soils to assess the performance of Senna (Cassia angustifolia Vahl) in the existing cropping systems of northern dry zone of Karnataka. In the experiment on comparative performance of senna with different rabi crops, the sole crop of senna recorded significantly higher leaf yield (880.13 kg ha-1) and pod yield (342.45 kg ha-1) over intercropped senna. Intercropping of chickpea + senna recorded significantly higher senna equivalent yield (1872.86 kg ha-1), gross returns (Rs. 37, 457 ha-1), net returns (R. 27, 098 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.62). In another experiment on comparative performance of senna with rabi sorghum and sunflower at different row proportions, the sole crop of senna recorded significantly higher leaf (894.64 kg ha-1) and pod (335.41 kg ha-1) yield as compared to intercropped senna. Intercropping of sorghum with senna in 1:3 row proportions recorded significantly higher senna equivalent yield (1232.15 kg ha-1), gross returns (Rs. 24, 643 ha-1), net returns (Rs. 16, 108 ha-1) and B:C ratio (1.89). The experiment on comparative performance of senna with cotton, pigeonpea and castor at different row proportions, the sole crop of senna recorded significantly higher leaf (952.64 kg ha-1) and pod (357.86 kg ha-1) yield as compared to intercropped senna. Intercropping of senna with cotton in 1:1 (1671.48 kg ha-1, Rs. 33, 429 and Rs. 21, 271 ha-1) and 1:2 (1734.38 kg ha-1, Rs. 34, 687 and Rs. 22, 529 ha-1) row proportions recorded significantly higher senna equivalent yield, gross returns and net returns, respectively. In the experiment on comparative performance of senna with pearlmillet, groundnut and sunflower at different row proportions, the sole crop of senna recorded significantly higher leaf (964.33 kg ha-1) and pod (358.62 kg ha-1) yield as compared to intercropped senna. Intercropping of senna with groundnut in 1:1 (1898.85 kg ha-1, Rs.39, 976 ha-1, Rs. 28, 888 ha- 1 and 2.61) and 3:3 (1962.64 kg ha-1, Rs.39, 253 ha-1, Rs. 28, 253 ha-1 and 2.57) row proportions recorded significantly higher senna equivalent yield, gross returns, net returns and B:C ratio, respectively.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Resource management in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) through drip irrigation, fertigation, planting pattern and LCC based N application, and area-production estimation through remote sensing
    (UAS Dharwad, 2009) C.P.Chandrashekara; B.M.Chittapur
    Field experiments were carried out during 2004-05 and 2005-06 to study i. Performance of sugarcane under drip irrigation, fertigation interval and planting pattern, ii. Evaluation and standardization of leaf colour chart as a tool for nitrogen management, at Agricultural Research Station, Arabhavi and iii. Crop acreage estimation and production forecast in sugarcane through remote sensing in the GLBC command of Karnataka. Drip irrigation with 60-180-60 cm paired row planting and fertigation of recommended dose of N and K in 30 equal installments at weekly interval from 37 to 240 DAP produced higher cane yields (153.6 and 144.2 t ha-1 cane yield and 21.4 and 20.5 t ha-1 CCS yield during pre- and seasonal plantings, respectively), improved juice quality, enhanced irrigation water (1614 and 1523 kg ha cm-1 in pre-and seasonal planting, respectively) and fertilizer use efficiencies, besides higher economical returns over conventional practice. Application of 50 and 60 kg N ha-1 dressing-1 coupled with LCC threshold 6 recorded higher cane yield (150.5 and 151.7 t ha-1 during I and 123.8 and 125.0 t ha-1 during II season, respectively), CCS yield, juice, brix, pol and lesser reducing sugars, total N, P and K uptake than conventional practice. Higher gross return, net return and B: C ratio was observed with LCC threshold 6 with 50 or 60 kg N ha-1 dressing-1, compared to conventional practice in both seasons. Early, grand growth, matured stage and total sugarcane area can be delineated more accurately with minimum error matrix and higher divergence with clear separability through proper ground truthing and using IRS P6 LISS III multi date image by maximum likelihood supervised classification approach. The overall seasons’ multi date model (Y= - 6.00 + 85.30 NDVIGk +18.2 LAIGk for Gokak and Y= 27.40 + 125.90 NDVI Rbg + 5.41 LAI Rbg for Raibag taluka) with average satellite NDVI and ground truth LAI over grand growth and matured stages predicted cane yield and production more accurately than other models.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Weed management in onion - chilli - cotton relay intercropping rainfed vertisols
    (UAS Dharwad, 2009) Rajkumara.S.; Y.B.Palled
    Two field experiments were conducted during 2005-07 to study the effect of weed free periods and weed management practices in onion – chilli – cotton relay intercropping in rainfed Vertisols. Weed free period up to 120 DAS significantly reduced the number and dry weight of weeds and was on par with weed free check. Significantly higher bulb yield and chilli fruit yield was recorded in weed free check (135.06 and 10.91 q/ha respectively) and were on par with weed free up to 100 DAS (112.99 q/ha and 8.84 q/ha respectively). Unweeded check recorded lower bulb and fruit yield. Weed free between 40 – 120 DAS recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield (344.60 kg/ha) and was on par with weed free up to 120 DAS (180.80 kg/ha). Weed free up to 120 DAS recorded higher B:C ratio (4.60) for the system and was on par with weed free check (5.11). Pre emergent application pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha was safe on onion and chilli while, oxyfluorfen @ 0.15 kg a.i./ha and oxadiargyl @ 0.09 kg a.i./ha were phytotoxic. Herbicides reduced the number and dry weight of weeds significantly. Oxyfluorfen recorded higher weed control efficiency. Bulb yield (100.5 q/ha) and fruit yield (9.41 q/ha) obtained in pendimethalin with four weeding were on par with weed free check (114.07 and 12.99 q/ha respectively). Seed cotton yield was higher in oxyfluorfen three hand weedings (276.9 kg/ha) and was on par with farmer’s practice (253.74 kg/ha) and higher than weed free check (73.76 kg/ha). Pendimethalin with hand weeding at 20, 40, 60 and 80 DAS recorded higher net returns (Rs. 64,390/ha) and B:C ratio (3.99) and was on par with weed free check and farmer’s practice for the onion – chilli – cotton relay intercropping.