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ThesisItem Open Access EXPORT POTENTIAL OF MANGO IN NORTHERN KARNATAKA - AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2001) Mamle Desai, N R; Hiremath, G K"THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED IN THE MANGO BELT OF NORTHERN KARNATAKA, NAMELY BELGAUM AND DIVIDED DHARWAD DISTRICTS WHERE THE EXPORT-ORIENTED ALPHONSO MANGO IS CULTIVATED. CULTIVATORS WERE SELECTED THROUGH A RANDOM SAMPLE DESIGN WHILE ALL THE PROCESSING CENTERS IN THE STUDY AREA WERE INCLUDED FOR THE STUDY OF PROCESSING. INSTITUTIONS, PARASTATALS AND INDIVIDUALS, GOVERNMENT AND OTHERWISE, CONNECTED WITH MANGO CULTIVATION TRADE AND EXPORT WERE EXTENSIVELY DRAWN UPON FOR INFORMATION. EXPORT PATTERNS STUDIED FOR THE DECADE 1990-1999 INDICATED A POSITIVE COMPOUNDED GROWTH FOR EXPORT OF FRUIT MANGO, PULP, AND SLICES-IN-BRINE BOTH IN PHYSICAL AND VALUE TERMS. JAPAN IN THE CASE OF FRUIT, UAE FOR PULP AND USA FOR SLICES-IN-BRINE SHOWED THE HIGHEST GRO\MH. NOMINAL PROTECTION CO-EFFICIENT FOR SLICES-IN-BRINE WAS THE MOST FAVORABLE EXPORT PRODUCT OWING TO ITS EXPORT COMPETITIVENESS DUE TO LOWER DOMESTIC COSTS, FOLLOWED BY FRUIT AND PULP. UK WAS THE LEAST UNSTABLE IMPORTER OF FRUITS, PULP, AND SLICES-IN-BRINE. MARKOV CHAIN ANALYSIS REVEALED THAT UAE WAS THE PROSPECTIVE MARKET FOR FRUIT AND SLICES-IN BRINE, AND OTHER COUNTRIES, SAUDI ARABIA WAS SO FOR PULP. LARGER FARMERS HAD OLDER AND HIGHER MANGO AREA PROPORTIONS AND THEY CONTINUED TO LEAD IN THE MANGO AREA EXPANSION. PER ACRE CULTIVATION ECONOMICS STUDIED FOR THE YEAR 1999-2000 INDICATED THAT THE ORCHARD ESTABLISHMENT REQUIRED RS. 12.021, ORCHARD MAINTENANCE REQUIRED RS.J.OI"" PER ANNUM AND NET RETURNS WERE RS. 13,726, STIMULATING MANGO EXPANSION IN THE AREA. TRIENNIUM MANGO ALPHONSO YIELD WAS 811 KGS PER ACRE IN DHAR\VAD AND 1081 KGS IN BELGAUM. ALTERNATE FRUIT-BEARING DOUBLED PRICES IN THE LEAN PRODUCTION YEARS. FRUIT SALE WAS UN-REGULATED AND DONE LARGELY THROUGH PREHARVEST CONTRACTORS. PROJECTED MANGO AREA FOR 2004 A.D. WAS 5438 ACRES AND THE CONSEQUENT PRODUCTION WAS 10,917 TONNES AND THIS WOULD REQUIRE AN INVESTMENT OF RS.652 LAKHS. THE LINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL ITERATED THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THREE ADDITIONAL PROCESSING UNITS IN THE AREA. THE COMPREHENSIVE INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIRED FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF THE AREA INTO AN EXPORT ZONE WOULD REQUIRE AN ESTIMATED TOTAL OUTLAY OF RS. 1444 LAKHS."ThesisItem Open Access AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF INVESTMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE USE OF GROUND WATER IN KONKAN REGION OF MAHARASHTRA STATE(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2002) Talathi, J M; Hiremath, G K"The creamy section of rural socity with better access to institutional finance and large size of holding are able to invest on ground'Water development. This has pervasive effect on the economic conditions of farming and sustainability of water resource regime. Hence an attempt has been made for assessment of financial feasibility and resource use efficiency under ground water use. A multi-stage sampling technique was followed to draw a sample of 180 farmers fi-om three taluks of Thane district. The data on cropping pattern, irrigation structure and resources use pertained to the agricultural year 1996-97. The returns per hectare were Rs. 98,492 in traditional method of irrigation (TMI) and RS. 1,21,596 in modern method of irrigation (MMI) with per hectare employment of 393 and 311 mandays in TMI and MMI. The cost of irrigation per one lakh litres of water was Rs. 592.32, Rs. 219.73 and Rs. 353.46 in TMI and RS. 701.56, rs. 456.47 and Rs. 579.03 in MMI in dug well (DW), bore well (BW) and dug cum bore well (DCBW) respectively. The NPV, BCR and IRR were fairly higher in MMI over TMI. The internal rate of return (IRR) ranged from 87.38 per cent to 357.57 per cent across different well irrigation structure, due to high profitability in vegetable and fruit production. The payback period for well investment was 2 years. The technological change in output in different methods of irrigation was 19.41 per cent, which was mostly contributed by method of irrigation (14%). There was excess use of factors of production to the extent of 78 to 92 per cent in TMI and 30 to 87 per cent in MMI. This indicated larger scope for efficient use of factors of production in TMI as compared to MMI. In farms with TMI the quantity of water used was excess by 27 per cent over economic optimum while in farms with MMI it was marginally higher (0.38%) over economic optimum estimated. The saving in input use in MMI was observed for human labour (27%), bullock labour (34%), fertilizer (5%) and plant protection chemicals (16%). The actual quantity of water saved in MMI was to the extent of 54 per cent thereby reducing irrigation expenses by 81 per cent. The extent of ground water exploitation to the well yield in different well types was 44 to 76 per cent in farms with TMI and 54 to 65 per cent in farms with MMI. This revealed positive externality in ground water exploitation. The net returns per well in water marketing for non-agricultural purpose were estimated to the tune of Rs. 5.37 lakhs annually. Lack of adequate knowledge about modern method of irrigation (85%), poor quality of irrigation equipment (72%), poor knowledge about precise water requirement of crops (63%) and interval between irrigation (54%) and voltage fluctuation in electricity supply (63%) were the major constraints reported in irrigated farming. These constraints need attention from research and extension agencies for proper exploitation of ground water. This study suggested for popularizing modern (drip) method of irrigation to reduce conveyance losses and wastage of water and further it has advantage of saving in factors of production."ThesisItem Open Access ANIMAL BASED FARMING SYSTEMS FOR LONG TERM SUSTAINABILITY IN NORTHERN KARNATAKA -A SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2003) Wader, Prashanthkumar Rajendra; Kiresur, V R"The study was conducted in three dry zones of Northern Karnataka with an overall objective of identifying and analyzing the optimality and sustainability of different animal based farming systems. The relevant data was collected from both primary (2001-02) and secondary sources (1990-91 to 2001-02) and were analyzed using tabular, functional and linear programming techniques. The results show that there was a decline in the area under non-agricultural uses, cultivable waste, current fallow and other fallow land, in the case of Zone-I and in the area under non-agricultural uses, cultivable waste and net area sown in Zone-ll, there was a positive growth in barren and uncultivable land, current fallow and other fallow lands Zone-Ill. The share of area under cereals increased in the case of Zone-ll and Zone-Ill, while it showed declining trend in Zone-I. Sugarcane during kharif and bengalgram during rabi were found to be most profitable crops in Zone-I, while in Zone-ll, chilli {kharif) and bengalgram {rabi) were most remunerative. Similarly onion [kharif) and maize {rabi) turned out to be most profitable crops in Zone-Ill. Across the selected zones, milk production increased with the farm size and ranged from 4.5-5.0 litre/day/animal. In milk production, green fodder, concentrates and labour were significantly contributing factors in all the three zones, while dry fodder coefficient was significant in Zone-I and Zone-Ill. Seed coefficient was highly significant for ail the crops and systems in Zone-I and Zone-Ill barring groundnut, while labour was the important input conditioning the crop production in Zone-ll. Sustainability Value Index was higher in all the categories of farms in all the zones of Farming System-I (FS-I) compared to Farming System-ll (FS-II). In Zone-I, there was marginal decline in the net returns from farming in Model-ll compared to existing plan (Rs.66,121). However, there was slight increase in net income in Model-1 (Rs.96,321). As a result, per cent change in net returns over existing plan was marginal in Model-I (44.93%) and Model-ll (42.34%). Across all the farm size categories, the net income was the highest in FS-1 compared to FS-ll, since FS-1 contains dairy activity. In Zone-ll, the net returns were the highest in FS-I (Rs. 10055) compared to FS-II (Rs.8218) on small farms. Similarly, on medium farms, it was Rs.28129 and Rs.20704 in FS-1 and FS-ll respectively. Contrarily, the trend was reverse for large farms. In Zone-Ill, the net fami income realized on small fanns in FS-I was nearly twice (Rs.12,850) that of FS-ll (Rs.5,662). While such a difference of income was marginal on medium fanns. Again income realized on large farms in FS-1 was more (Rs.85,154) as compared to Rs.64,617 in FS-ll."ThesisItem Open Access EXPORT TRADE PERFORMANCE OF INDIAN COTTON: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS(University of Agricultural Science, Dharwad, 2001) Mahadevaiah, G S; Ravi, P CABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access ECONOMIC PERFORMANCE OF PRODUCTION, MARKETING AND EXPORT OF VEGETABLES IN NORTH KARNATAKA(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, DHARWAD, 2000) Shivaraya; Hugar, L B; Balappa"India is the second largest vegetable producer in the world next to China. The total vegetable production in India (72.83 million tonnes) accounts for 6.74 per cent of the world production. Vegetable cultivation forms a supplementary cash crop for the farmers. The present study was conducted in North Kamataka during 1999-2000. A positive growth in vegetable production over the period of 1977-96 at all the locations was mainly due to increase in mean area, while it was due to mean yield in Belgaum, Dharwad and country as a whole. Correspondingly, the change in area variance and yield variance hav^ contributed to the variability of vegetable production in respective locations. The extent of inputs use and cost of cultivation in brinjal (Rs.70345.41/ha) and tomato (Rs.59880.80/ha) were higher than the potato (Rs.25973.07/ha) and onion {Rs.24400.38/ha). Further, majority of the farmers were operating at medium level efficiency as they used 28 to 84 per cent of excessive inputs to achieve the existing level of output. However, the benefit cost ratio was higher in onion (2.08) and potato (1.71), compared to tomato (1.68) and brinjal (1.47) mainly because of lower level of inputs used in these enterprises. In general, farmers realised returns less than 70 per cent of the consumers rupee. However, the magnitude of price spread in tomato (48.85%) and brinjal (47.93%) was higher than for onion (31.49%) and potato (31.43%). Strong price integrations between the selected markets for onion and potato were noticed (above 0.8). Growth in terms of quantity and value of fresh vegetables exports was significant during the study period (1979-98). However, during postliberalisation period, the growth in quantity exports was higher than growth in value for all vegetables, while growth in value exceeded growth in quantity for onion. The vegetables were competitive for their export. UAE and Malaysia for onion, Sri Lanka and Nepal for potato and Bangladesh and Nepal for tomato were the loyal markets for India. Export earnings from fresh onion, potato and tomato were estimated to touch Rs. 1110.1.5 crores, Rs.60.77 crores and Rs. 1.16 crores respectively by 2004-2005."ThesisItem Open Access EXPORT OF GROUNDNUT FROM INDIA UNDER LIBERALIZATION REGIME - AN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BANGALORE, 2004) Varghese, Nisha; Hugar, L BABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access "RESOURCE ALLOCATION AND LINKAGES INSERICULTURE DOMINANT FARMS:A SYSTEMS ANALYSIS"(UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES GKVK, BANGALORE, 2000) Srinivasa, G; Chengappa, P GABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access LINKAGES OF DAIRY IN FARMING SYSTEM IN KOLAR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA - AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS(University of Agricultural Sciences Dharwad, 2000) RAMESHA REDDY, B; ACHOTH, LALITHABSTRACT NOT AVAILABLEThesisItem Open Access Economic analysis of investment for sustainable use of ground water in Konkan region of Maharashtra State(University of Agricultural Sciences ;Dharwad, 2002) Talathi, J. M.; Hiremath, G. K.