Thesis

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 105

Open Access
Phenology and yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) as influenced by Environmental modification and Irrigation under organic management system
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Teerthala Brahmam; Faheema Mushtaq
The damaging effect of climate change on global food security has assumed a frightening dimension leading to food shortage due to high temperature coupled with water scarcity especially in developing nations. The need for suitable date of transplanting and irrigation schedule for improving production has become imperative. Keeping in view importance of proper weather conditions and considering water as critical input in growth and development of chilli, the present investigation entitled “Phenology and yield of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) as influenced by environmental modification and irrigation under organic management system” was carried out at organic block of vegetable farm, Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-K during kharif 2021 to find out suitable dates of transplanting and irrigation schedule for obtaining higher yield in chilli with enhancement in water use efficiency. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with three replications. Irrigation at critical stages was taken as factor one with four irrigation schedules viz., I1 (Irrigation at Vegetative phase + 50% Flowering phase + Turning phase), I2 (Irrigation at Vegetative phase + 50% Flowering phase), I3 (Irrigation at 50% Flowering phase) and I4 (Rainfed conditions). Environmental modification was taken as factor two with three different dates of transplanting viz., D1 14th (Standard Meteorological Week), D2 (18th Standard Meteorological Week) and D3 22nd (Standard Meteorological Week). Significantly higher plant growth parameters, yield parameters and quality attributes were recorded in treatment combination I1D1 (Irrigation at Vegetative phase + 50%Flowering phase + Turning phase + 14th Standard Meteorological Week) this treatment combination recorded maximum fruit yield (186.44 q ha-1) net returns (Rs.368053.00) and B:C (2.29) ratio. In addition, maximum value for Water Use Efficiency was also recorded by treatment combination I1D1 (Irrigation at Vegetative phase + 50%Flowering phase + Turning phase + 14th Standard Meteorological Week)
Open Access
Genetic Divergence Studies in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Saima Tabasum; Gazala Nazir
The present investigation entitled “Divergence Studies in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)” was carried out at the Experimental Field, Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-K, Shalimar during Kharif season 2021. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Fourty genotypes were evaluated for various quantitative and qualitative traits. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits. For earliness SKAU-B-241 genotype ranked first wherein fruit was set within 55.33 days followed by genotype SKAU-B-193 and SKAU-B-231 which gave first fruit in 58.46 and 58.5 days respectively. Highest fruit yield per hectare was observed in genotype SKAU-B-276 (422.76q/ha.) followed by genotype SKAU-B-279 and SKAU-B-234 which gave fruit yield of 407.4q/ha and 406.16q/ha respectively. The yield of these genotypes was at par or greater than widely grown varieties, after testing their stability over locations these genotypes can be recommended for higher production of fruits. In quality attributing traits, highest TSS were observed in genotype SKAU-B-205 (5.06oBrix), highest vitamin c was observed in genotype IC-089818 (10.51mg/100g) and highest total sugar content was observed in genotype SKAU-B- 234 (3.62%). The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variance were slightly higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters studied indicating the little influence of environment in the expression of these traits. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation were observed for average fruit weight (g) (43.69 and 43.69). All the traits had high broad sense heritability value, indicating that the heritability is most likely due to additive gene effects and thus the chances of fixing by selection are more. Correlation studies indicated that days to first fruit picking, plant height (cm), plant spread (cm), fruit length (cm), number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight (g) exhibited significant positive correlation with fruit yield. Diversity analysis showed grouping of genotypes in seven clusters which will help in selection of genetically divergent parents for exploitation in hybridization program and would constitute an essential gene pool for future breeding programm
Open Access
Divergence Studies in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Khan, Sabba; Khursheed Hussain
The present investigation entitled “Divergence studies in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) was undertaken to obtain information on the variability and genetic divergence with respect to various quantitative and qualitative traits among 50 genotypes of Brinjal. The experiment was laid out in the Randomized Block Design with three replications. The observations were recorded on various yield and yield attributing characters. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits studied. The genotypes namely, SB-42, IC-381562, Pusa Ankur, SB-21 and SB-45 produced highest fruit yield hectare-1. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation ranged from 13.13-56.69 and 12.92-56.38 respectively. In general the phenotypic coefficients of variations were higher than genotypic coefficients of variation, which indicates the role of environment in the expression of traits under observation. The estimates of heritability in broad sense were very high for all the characters except for number of fruits plant-1. The present investigation indicated a great scope in the improvement of these traits as these characters in general possessed high estimates of heritability coupled with high genetic advance. Correlation coefficients revealed that the fruit yield plant-1 exhibited significant positive association with fruit length, fruit diameter, plant spread, average fruit weight and fruit yield hectare-1 both at genotypic and phenotypic levels. Highest direct positive effect on fruit yield was recorded by average fruit weight followed by number of primary branches plant-1 and plant spread. These characteristics could be employed as a selection trait breeding of high yielding brinjal genotypes. Estimates of divergence among 50 Brinjal genotypes revealed that significant divergence existed among them using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Fifty genotypes were grouped into eight different non-overlapping clusters. Cluster II has most genotypes (15), followed by cluster I (11), cluster VII (10), cluster III (6), cluster VIII (5) and the clusters IV, cluster V and cluster VI were having only one genotype in each. Intra cluster distance (D2) was maximum in cluster VIII (15322.62) followed by cluster VII (13498.64), cluster III (8720.61) and cluster II (8394.58). The inter cluster distance D2 values were highest between cluster VIII and cluster III (103832.00) followed by cluster I and III (73700.02), cluster III and cluster VII (60425.96), cluster III and cluster VI (57670.67), cluster III and cluster V (57173.75), cluster III and cluster IV (45528.68) and cluster II and cluster VIII (41148.92) The percent contribution of the traits to total genetic divergence demonstrated that fruit yield hectare-1 was the most important component, accounting for 15.71 percent of total genetic divergence, followed by fruit length (15.67%), plant height (13.76%), fruit yield plant-1 (11.24%), fruit diameter (8.76%), plant spread (7.35%), number of fruits plant-1 (7.26%), average fruit weight (4.78%), days to first fruit set (4.41%) and days to first flower (3.07%). The crosses between the genotypes of cluster VIII with III, II and VII and Cluster I with those of III, II, VIII and VII and Cluster II with III, VIII and VI are likely to produce recombinants with desired traits. The genotypes selected on the basis of per se performance of fruit yield, yield contributing and quality traits can be used in brinjal improvement programme as elite germplasm lines or may be recommended as such for commercial cultivation after testing them over years and locations.
Open Access
Response of Capsicum (Capsicum annum L.) to different levels of potassium fertilization and plastic mulch of varying colours
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Nida Manzoor; Rakshanda Anayat
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2021 at experimental farm of division of vegetable science SKUAST Kashmir, Shalimar to study the effect of different levels of potassium fertilization and plastic mulches of varying colors on various growth, yield, quality, storage parameters as well as the effect on nutrient uptake of capsicum var. Nishat-1. The experiment was laid out in strip plot design with 12 treatments and 3 replications. Observations was recorded on various growth and yield parameters such as number of days to first flowering, days to first fruit set, days to first fruit maturity, days to first fruit harvesting, fruit length(cm), fruit Girth(mm), number of leaves per plant, number of branches per plant, leaf area(cm2), leaf area index, average fruit weight(g), number of fruits per plant, fruit yield per plant(Kg), Total fruit yield(q/ha), leaf chlorophyll content(mg/100g), Quality and storage parameters such as dry matter content(%), pericarp thickness(mm), total chlorophyll content(mg/100g) before and after storage, TSS (°Brix) before and after storage,vitamin C content (mg/100g) before and after storage, total carotenoids (mg/100g) before and after storage, color intensity at 6 days interval, physiological weight loss (%) at 6 days interval, fruit firmness(Kgfcm-2) at 6 days interval, Total uptake of nutrients such as N, P, K (Kg/ha) and soil moisture at weekly intervals and effect on the relative economics as well. Among different levels of potassium fertilization growth and yield parameters was recorded highest in 125% RFD that registered minimum number of days to first flowering(35.2), days to first fruit set(44.5), days to first fruit maturity(61.9), days to first fruit harvesting(63.8), maximum fruit Girth(7.5mm), number of leaves per plant(304.8), number of branches per plant(7.5) and average fruit weight(79.5g), number of fruits per plant (19.2) and among different colors of plastic mulches Black polythene mulch was found significantly superior in terms of various growth and yield traits such as number of days to first flowering(31.8), days to first fruit set(41.1), days to first fruit maturity(57.1), days to first fruit harvesting(59), fruit Girth(7.6mm), number of leaves per plant(309.7), number of branches per plant(7.7), average fruit weight(80.2g), number of fruits per plant(22.3). However, among several growth and yield parameters interactive effect of different levels of potassium fertilization and colors of mulches was found significant. Among all the treatments, treatment T9 (125% RFD + BLACK P.M) registered highest Fruit length(9.6cm), Leaf area(51.7cm2), Leaf area Index (1.72), Leaf chlorophyll content (79.2mg/100g), fruit yield/ plant(1.4kg) and total fruit yield (477.2q/ha). Among storage and quality parameters, treatment T9 (125% RFD + BLACK P.M) recorded maximum Dry matter content (13.5%), pericarp thickness(2.2mm), highest total chlorophyll content before(74.4mg/100g) and after(68.0mg/100g) storage, highest TSS before(4.8°Brix) and after (4.6° Brix) storage, highest vitamin C content before(169.1mg/100g) and after storage(134.4mg/10g), highest total carotenoids before (0.76mg/100g) and after(0.55mg/100g) storage. Treatment T9 (125% RFD + BLACK P.M) also recorded highest color intensity, physiological weight loss (0%, 0%, 13.1%, 17.4%) and fruit firmness (16.3, 16.2, 13.8, 11.1 Kgfcm-2) throughout storage taken at 6 days interval. Maximum uptake of N (201.6Kg/ha), P (26.6Kg/ha) and K(170.7Kg/ha) both by fruits and plant was recorded highest in Treatment T9 (125% RFD + BLACK P.M). Maximum soil moisture was conserved under Black polythene mulch throughout the growth and development of the crop. The relative economics proved to be most profitable with Treatment T9 (125% RFD + BLACK P.M) recording benefit: Cost ratio of 5.74 (capsicum fruit).
Open Access
Evaluation of Musk melon hybrids (Cucumis melo L.) under temperate conditions of Kashmir
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Mohd Faruk; Sumati Narayan
The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of Musk melon hybrids (Cucumis melo L.) under temperate conditions of Kashmir” was carried out at the Experimental Field, Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-K, Shalimar during Kharif 2021. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Twenty hybrids were evaluated for various quantitative and qualitative traits. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes/hybrids for all the traits. The highest fruit yield per plant was recorded in Madhusree hybrid (11.52 kg) followed by Tipu-50 (8.63 kg), Punjab hybrid (7.87 kg) and minimum were observed in LHM-Munna (4.30 kg). In quality attributing traits, highest TSS were observed in hybrid VS-8989 (11.55 oBrix) followed by Sawarna hybrid (10.58 oBrix) and minimum TSS were observed in Muskmelon Madhuri-2 (6.35 oBrix), highest vitamin C were observed in Mahima (31.55 mg/100g) followed by Punjab hybrid (31.08 mg/100g) and minimum vitamin c were observed in Madhulika (20.51mg/100g), and shelf life were observed in LHM-Masti (10.86 days) followed by Madhuraj (10.27 days) and minimum shelf life were observed in Sawarna hybrid (3.26 days). The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variance were slightly higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters studied indicating the little influence of environment in the expression of these traits. Correlation studies indicated that number of primary branches per plant, days to last fruit harvest, node number per vine, flesh thickness, fruit length, fruit diameter, number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight and in quality parameters like TSS, vitamin C and shelf life exhibited significant positive correlation with fruit yield. Path coefficient analysis revealed appreciable amount of direct positive effects of component traits like days to first female flower appeared, days to last fruit harvest, node number per vine, node number at which first female flower appeared, days to first branched tendril appeared, inter nodal length, fruit diameter, rind thickness, average fruit weight, seed cavity length and seed cavity width on fruit yield.
Open Access
Genetic divergence studies in superior genotypes of Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula L.)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Arizoo; Kumar, Anil
The present investigation entitled “Genetic Divergence Studies in superior genotypes of Ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula L.)” was carried out at the Experimental Field, Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-K, Shalimar during Kharif 2021. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Thirty-five genotypes were evaluated for various quantitative and quality traits. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes for all the traits. The maximum fruit yield plant-1 was recorded in VRRG-37-2016 (3.42kg/plant) followed by VRRG-9-17 (3.34kg/plant) and VRRG-25-2016 (2.90kg/plant) and minimum in VRRG-13-17 (0.72kg/plant) followed by IC-356037 (0.81kg/plant) and VRRG-39(1.40kg/plant). The estimates of phenotypic coefficient of variance were slightly higher than the corresponding genotypic coefficient of variance for all the characters studied indicating the little influence of environment in the expression of these traits. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were observed for Seed cavity length (54.43 and 33.80) followed by vitamin C content (48.24 and48.22), fruit yield per plant (31.53 and 31.48), Average fruit weight (24.05 and 24.03). High heritability coupled with high genetic gain was recorded for vine length (99.95 and 33.77), vitamin C content (99.89 and 99.27), number of nodes per vine (99.86 and 27.33), average fruit weight (99.83 and 49.45), fruit length (99.81 and 26.61) indicating that the heritability is most likely due to additive gene effects and thus the chances of fixing by selection are more. Fruit yield plant-1 was positively associated with traits like days to last fruit harvest, no. of seeds per fruit. Moreover, the traits like vine length, fruit length, fruit diameter, average fruit weight, number of primary branches per plant, node at which first male flower appeared, node at which first female flower appeared, inter-nodal length. showed significant positive genotypic correlation with fruit yield plant-1 indicating that direct selection of these traits will be effective. Path coefficient analysis revealed appreciable amount of direct positive effects of component traits like average fruit weight, vine length, fruit diameter, fruit length, days to last fruit harvest, no. of seeds per fruit, number of primary branches per plant, node at which first male flower appeared, node at which first female flower appeared on fruit yield plant-1. D2 statistics grouped thirty-five genotypes of Ridge gourd into six Clusters. Cluster II had maximum number of genotypes (23) followed by Cluster I (5), Cluster III (4), Cluster IV (1), Cluster V (1) and Cluster VI (1). Maximum intra-cluster distance was observed in Cluster II (3521.96). Maximum inter-cluster distance was observed between Cluster I and IV (49393.51) followed by Cluster I and III (44192.12). The per cent contribution of traits towards total genetic divergence revealed that vine length was the main factor contributing to divergence accounting for about 33.28% followed by average fruit weight plant-1 (24.71%) and fruit diameter (9.92%). Selection of parents for hybridization should be done from Clusters having maximum inter-cluster distance and those selected parents should have high per se performance for the traits contributing maximum towards divergence.
Open Access
Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) based on Morpho-chemical and Molecular characterization of PUN1 Locus
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Ariza Gulzar; Malik, Ajaz. Ahmad
The present investigation entitled “Evaluation of Genetic Diversity of Chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) based on Morpho-chemical and Molecular characterization of PUN1 Locus” was carried out at experimental field, Division of Vegetable Science during Kharif 2020. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The experimental material involved forty-nine genotypes of chilli collected from different states of India representing different agro-ecological regions and were evaluated for several quantitative ,qualitative and biochemical traits. The genotypes observed significant differences for all the characters. Morphological traits were observed for forty-nine genotypes as per guidelines of PPV and FR authority (PPV & FR, 2003). Analysis of variances revealed significant differences for all the characters observed. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variation were observed for Capsaicin (77.01, 77.01), number of fruits per plant (40.10, 40.09), fruit yield per plant (39.68, 39.60) and fruit diameter (35.26, 35.05). In general, PCV was marginally higher than the corresponding GCV indicating the less influence of environment in the expression of traits under study. High heritability, coupled with high genetic advance as percentage of mean was observed for almost all traits indicating that most of the traits studied were mainly controlled by additive gene effect and thus selection may be effective. Correlation coefficients revealed that the fruit yield per hectare exhibited significant positive association with fruit length, number of fruits per plant, average fruit weight and fruit yield per plant. D2 analysis grouped the genotypes into 7 clusters. Vitamin C content at green (170.25 mg/100g) and red stage (175.34 mg/100g) was found to be maximum in SKAU-HP-32. Wide variation in capsaicin content was also observed among the genotypes. The Bhut Jolokia showed maximum capsaicin content (10500.75 µg/g). In order to understand the variation in pungency content. Molecular analysis of PUN1 gene was done for discovering SNP’s from the selected genotypes. The five genotypes namely Bhut Jolokia, Kashmiri-Long-1, Byadgi Dabbi, Byadgi Kaddi and Nishat-1 with high, medium and low pungency content were selected for the molecular analysis of PUN1 gene. Single primer pair was employed for amplification of PUN1 gene in Capsicum chinense and Capsicum annuum (with amplicon size of 650pb). However in the non-pungent variety, the 650bp DNA fragment was not amplified due to 2.5kb deletion spanning the putative promoter and first exon of AT3. DNA amplification was followed by sequencing. Sequence alignment between PUN1 gene sequences of genotype with high capsaicin content and medium capsaicin content in C. chinense and C.annuum revealed variations at 13 places and alignment of amino acid sequences deduced from mucleotide sequences revealed 5 variations in aminoacid sequences. Furthermore, protein structure prediction in C.chinense and C.annuum identified certain structural changes. The observed variation in putative structure might be responsible for high capsaicin production in one genotype as compared to other and hence the protein confirmation determines its interaction with the substrate.
Open Access
Genetic Divergence Studies in Indigenous and Exotic Genotypes of Carrot (Daucus carota L.)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Aiman Jan; Khursheed Hussain
The present investigation entitled “Genetic Divergence Studies in Indigenous and Exotic Genotypes of Carrot (Daucus carota L.)” was conducted to learn more about the genetic diversity of forty different Carrot genotypes with regard to a variety of quantitative and qualitative parameters. The experiment included three replications and was set up using a randomized complete block design at the Experimental Field, Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST-K, Shalimar during Rabi season 2021. On a number of quantitative and quality characters, observations were made. For all of the examined variables, analysis of variance indicated significant variations between genotypes. In terms of root yield hectare -1, the genotypes SKAU-C-150 (344.68 q/ha) followed by SKAU-C-46 (338.93 q/ha) and SKAU-C-20 (329.17 q/ha) produced the largest amounts. The role of environment in the expression of the traits under observation is indicated by the fact that, generally speaking, phenotypic coefficients of variation were larger than genotypic coefficients of variation. All of the features had very high heritability estimates in a broad sense. The results of the current study showed that there is significant room for improvement in these qualities because they generally possessed high heritability estimates and significant genetic advance. According to correlation coefficients, the root yield hectare-1 was significantly correlated with root weight, shoot length, shoot weight, root diameter, core diameter, number of leaves plant-1, and the ratio of flesh to core both at phenotypic as well as genotypic levels. Shoot weight had the greatest direct beneficial impact on root yield hectare-1, followed by core diameter, flesh to core ratio, shoot length, days to harvesting and root length. These traits could be used in the development of high producing carrot genotypes as selection traits. Using Mahalanobis D2 statistics, it was determined that there was significant divergence among the 40 genotypes of carrots. Four distinct, non-overlapping groups of forty genotypes were formed. Cluster I with the most genotypes (34), Cluster II has (4) genotypes and cluster III and cluster IV having fewest genotypes per cluster (1). Cluster II (3373.39) had the largest intra-cluster distance (D2), followed by cluster I (919.77). Cluster I and Cluster II had the greatest inter-cluster distance D2 values (1404989.00), which were followed by Cluster II and Cluster III (1394379.00), Cluster I and Cluster IV (1228505.00), Cluster III and Cluster IV (1214879.00), Cluster II and Cluster IV (8493.15), and Cluster I and Cluster III (3839.31). Root weight was the most significant factor, accounting for 33.62 percent of total genetic divergence, according to the traits percent contributions to total genetic divergence. Root diameter came in second (12.31%), followed by number of leaves plant-1 (11.24%). shoot weight (10.51%), core diameter (6.32%), flesh to core ratio (5.13%), shoot length (4.21%), root length (2.95%), top to root ratio (2.16%), and root yield hectare-1 (2.11%). Parents for the improvement programme should be chosen from clusters with the greatest inter cluster distance, and those chosen parents should do well per se for the qualities that contribute the most to divergence.
Open Access
Studies on combining ability and heterosis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) using Diallel analysis
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Aalima Tabasum; Makhdoomi, M. Iqbal
The present investigation entitled “Studies on combining ability and heterosis in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) using Diallel analysis” was carried out to generate information on genetic variability, general and specific combining ability, nature and magnitude of gene action and heterosis for yield and yield attributing traits. The experimental materials consisted of eight diverse genotypes of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) viz., MS, EC-914107, EC-914093, EC-620438, EC-914113, EC-914091, EC-914114 and TOLCV-32, which were used as parents to make crosses in diallel fashion (8×8) to generate 28 crosses without reciprocals. The crosses and parents were evaluated as per Method II and Model I of Griffing (1956 a, b) in randomized complete block design during Kharif, 2021 at three different locations viz., Vegetable Experimental Farm of Division of Vegetable Science, SKUAST (K), Shalimar (E1); Regional Research Station, SKUAST (K), Wadura (E2) and Krishi Vigyan Kendra, pombai Kulgam (E3).The observations were recorded on no. of days to 1st flowering, no. of days to 1st fruit set, no. of days to 1st fruit harvest, duration of fruiting, no. of fruits /truss, no. of fruits/plant, fruit length (cm), fruit diameter or fruit width (cm), no. of locules / fruit, flesh thickness (mm), no. of primary branches per plant, plant height (cm), fruit yield per plant (kg), total fruit yield (q/ha), average fruit weight (g), seed weight fruit-1, 1000 seed weight (g), flesh to seed ratio (%), dry matter content (%), titrable acidity (%), lycopene content (mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (mg/100g) and TSS (°Brix). The data thus generated in individual environments as well as for data pooled over environments was subjected to standard statistical procedures. Analysis of variance for combining ability revealed that variance due to gca and sca was significant for all the traits suggesting the importance of both types of variances in the inheritance of these traits. GCA and SCA also interacted significantly with the environments. The estimates of dominance variance were higher in magnitude than corresponding estimates of additive genetic variance, indicating the preponderance of non-additive gene action. None of the parents exhibited desirable gca effects for all the traits simultaneously. However, overall ranking of genotypes revealed that the parents EC-620438, EC-914093, TOLCV-32 and EC-914091 exhibited significant desirable gca effects for most of the traits. None of the crosses exhibited significant desirable sca effects for all the traits simultaneously. However, the crosses EC-620438× EC-914114, EC-914093×EC914091, EC-620438× TOLCV-32 and MS × EC-914091 were found promising with desirable SCA for most of the traits. The component analysis revealed the preponderance of non-additive gene effects in the inheritance of traits. Net dominance effect was significant and positive for most of the traits indicating positive direction of dominance. Positive and significant ‘F’ values were observed for most of the traits, depicting higher frequency of dominant alleles in the parents with respect to these traits. The estimates of Ê value were found to be non- significant for most of the traits indicating that the environment plays very less role in the expression of these traits. Average degree of dominance (Ĥ1/Dˆ)1/ 2 was more than unity in all the traits indicating over-dominance. The estimates of Ĥ2 /4Ĥ1 was less than 0.25 indicating asymmetrical distribution of genes for the trait in both individual and pooled data analysis. The KD / KR component estimates were greater than unity in most of the traits except days to first fruit set indicating the presence of excess dominant gene groups as compared to recessive gene groups. The values of / Ĥ2, were found to be positive and less than 0.50 for all traits depicting less proportion of dominance gene groups. Non-significant values of t2 and deviation of regression coefficient from unity depicted the absence of epistasis for all the traits in all the environments and pooled analysis. Heterosis for yield and yield attributing traits revealed that wide range of heterotic patterns were present for different traits. However crosses EC-914091 × EC-914114, EC-620438 × TOLCV-32, EC-620438 × EC-914114, EC-620438 × 914113 exhibited significant and desirable heterosis for most of the traits.

Thesis

Browse

Thesis Type

Type

Author

Date

Subject

Advanced Search

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results