Thesis

Browse

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 9 of 152

Open Access
Natural Variation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) for Yield, Pod Shattering and Resistance to Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2023) Zulkafal Saifullah; Nagoo, Shahina A.
The present investigation on “Natural Variation in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp.) for yield, pod shattering and resistance to Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV).” was conducted using 70 accessions of cowpea for studies of variability, correlation and genetic diversity among yield and its contributing traits and resistance to CPMV. In field conditions out of 70 genotypes 9 genotypes were resistant, 15 were moderately resistant, 17 were moderately susceptible, 31 were susceptible and 9 were highly susceptible to Cowpea Mosaic Virus. In polyhouse out of 70 genotypes 5 genotypes were resistant, 12 were moderately resistant, 24 were moderately susceptible, 23 were susceptible and 6 were highly susceptible to Cowpea Mosaic Virus. All the lines were characterized for yield attributes and a lot of variability was reported for all the traits recorded. Significant magnitude of genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation indicated the presence of good amount of variability. The magnitude of phenotypic coefficient of variation was highest for seed yield plant-1 30.60% followed by 100 seed weight 26.57%, green biomass at flowering stage 22.73%, pods plant-1 20.57% and plant height 18.45%. Similarly, magnitude of genotypic coefficient of variation was highest for seed yield plant1 29.20% followed by 100 seed weight 26.42%, green biomass at flowering stage 22.28%, pods plant-1 20.33% and plant height 18.37%. In the present investigation, Wards method was used to group the genotypes into different clusters. A total of three clusters were formed, with cluster I accommodating maximum (42 genotypes) followed by cluster II (17 genotypes) and cluster III (11 genotypes). Ten pods from each genotype were dried in oven at 60◦C for 2 days. Later they were shaken for 1 min in a drum like structure containing iron bearings. The number of pods that break or opened on shaking gives the shattering score e.g., if 1 out 10 pods break or open it means the shattering score is 1 likewise for others. Pod shattering score was in the range of 6-10. C-70 genotype recorded the lowest pod shattering score of 6 while as C-80 genotype recorded the highest pod shattering score of 10. The average value recorded for this trait was 8.5. Good or promising genotypes obtained in the present study; with resistance to CPMV, can serve as a vital component for developing varieties with higher yield and tolerance to CPMV. Further, studies need to be conducted to revalidate results especially for CPMV under artificial epiphytotic conditions.
Open Access
Morpho-molecular, biochemical and anatomical characterization of wheat germplasm for lodging resistance
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2023) Ronak Majid; Mir, Reyazul Rouf
The present study entitled “Morpho-molecular, biochemical and anatomical characterization of wheat germplasm for lodging resistance” was undertaken to study the natural variation for culmrelated morphological, biochemical, anatomical, mechanical traits and validation of genes/QTLs forculm related traits in wheat. The material used during the present study included a set of202 wheat genotypes comprising 70 genotypes/landraces from NBPGR, 65 indigenous cultivars from NBPGR, 18 genotypes from USDA collection,12 Mexican Landraces,8 Mexican Varieties,3 Indian released varieties, and 6 varieties with unknown pedigree. The 202 genotypes also included 101 lodging resistant and 101 lodging susceptible genotypes. All thegenotypeswere grownintheexperimentalfield ofthe DivisionofGeneticsandPlantBreeding, Faculty of Agriculture Wadura, SKUAST-K, Sopore and Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), Ludhiana, Punjab, India in Augmented BlockDesign (ABD) with 22 blocks, each containing 13 genotypes (9 test entries and 4check entries). The trait data of 7 important culm related quantitative traits for Ist three internodes was recorded.Theanalysisoftraitdata revealed significant difference for internodes as well as for genotypes at both location except culm wall thickness which was non- significant for internodes. Post hoc analysis for culm related traits for Ist three internodes revealed that means for culm traits were higher in resistant genotypes then susceptible genotypes and the mean differences depicted that second internode is more important for lodging than other internodes. A set of 40 contrasting genotypes were evaluated for root angle using square agar petri plates. The analysis of root angle showed significant variation in genotypes for root angle and higher mean for root angle in resistant genotypes. Two most contrasting genotypes (one with solid stem and one with hollow stem) were used for anatomical study. The results showed higher total number of vascular bundles, higher proportion of sclerenchyma tissue and parenchyma tissue, more cellulose and lignin deposition and thick epidermal in resistant genotype than susceptible genotype In addition to the phenotypic data collected during the present study, thegenotypic data on 40 contrasting wheat cultivars (20 resistant and 20 susceptible) was generated using a set of 21 SSR markers. These 21 SSR markers have been found associated with lodging resistance in earlier studies and have been tried for validation during the present study. The analysis of the data revealed that a total of fourteen markers (Wmc705, Wmc273, Gwm337, Xcfa2262, Gwm311, Gwm480, Gwm501, Gwm191, Wmc657, Wmc702, Xbar45, Wmc475, Wmc264 and Gwm566) were found to be associated with 19 lodging related traits. Therefore, these markerscould be used in future wheat breeding programmes for improving culm strength and hence lodgingtolerance.
Open Access
Natural Variation for Agronomic, Seed Quality Traits and Disease Reaction to BCMV, Anthracnose and Angular Leaf Spot in Pinto and Cranberry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2023) Ramsha Khalid; Sofi, Parvaze A.
The present study was carried out during 2021-22 to characterize 94 accessions of cranberry and pinto beans and six check for agro-morphological, seed physical and biochemical and reaction to three major diseases viz., BCMV, anthracnose and angular leaf spot. There was substantial variation for 12 qualitative descriptor traits. The mean values of days to 50% flowering, days to pod initiation, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of pods per plant, pod length (cm), pod breadth (mm), pod thickness (mm), number of seeds per pod, 100 seed weight (g) and seed yield per plant (g) were 46.81, 53.37, 95.62, 13.88, 8.49, 11.54, 9.55, 7.63, 4.94, 34.39 and 14.20 respectively. In the present study, there was substantial variability in 13 seed physical traits in 94 genotypes of common bean indicating significant diversity of the material in respect of studied traits. The mean starch content was 35.964% with range of 19.18-50.63. Mean value of protein content was 20.448% with range of 14.17-24.16. Similarly, mean value of amylose/amylopectin ratio was 0.781 with a range of 0.51-1.95, mean value of phenol content was 350.959 GAE/g with a range of 262.92-544.01 and mean value of flavnoids was 80.822 RE/g with a range of 49.58-98.05. The phenotypic evaluation of common bean genotypes for BCMV resistance was done under field conditions and it was found that out of 100 genotypes, 04 genotypes (WB-206, WB-1129, WB-216, WB-45) were resistant to BCMV, 26 were moderately resistant, 29 were moderately susceptible, 25 were susceptible and 16 were highly susceptible. For Angular leaf spot WB-21-112, EC-931413, WB-1643, WB-21-29, WB-20-26, WB-20-218, WB-20-297, EC-135352, WB-272 and WB-651 genotypes were showing maximum values among others. For Anthracnose WB-967, WB-20-25, WB-272, WB-21-33, WB-21-58, WB-20-181, EC-931413, WB-964, WB-1006 and WB-1643 genotypes were showing maximum values among others. Trait association among quantitative traits revealed that seed yield per plant was significantly correlated with pods per plant (0.705), 100-seed weight (0.545), days to maturity (0.359) and pod breadth (0.273). Similarly, 100-seed weight was significantly correlated with pod breadth (0.367), pods per plant was significantly correlated with days to maturity (0.283) and days to maturity was significantly correlated with days to 50% flowering (0.453) and days to pod initiation (0.671). Trait association among 10 seed physical traits, 31 associations were significant. Among positive correlations, seed length was significantly correlated with seed breadth (0.422), seed length/seed breadth (0.630) seed breadth/seed thickness (0.298), surface area (0.642), volume (0.722) and equivalent diameter (0.638). The trait association among 5 seed biochemical traits revealed that out of 10 associations 5 were significant and 5 were non-significant. Among the positive correlations amylose amylopectin ratio was significantly correlated with phenols (0.639) and flavonoids (0.273) whereas phenols were significantly correlated with flavonoids (0.523). The PCA biplot was based on PC1 and PC2 together accounted for >40% of variation based on yield traits and few seed traits but we found similar relations found in correlation like seed yield per plant was correlated with plant length, SL, 100SW, DM, as dependent by the angle of trait vector. Therefore, we incorporated all 21 traits including agromorphological and seed physical traits in PCA that enhanced the variation accounted by significants PC’s upto 80.24%.
Open Access
Variability and Diversity Studies forYield and Quality Attributes in Fodder Maize (Zea mays L.)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2023) Munazah Bashir; Khuroo, N.S.
Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the important Kharif fodder crops of the country.The present study was conducted to assess the magnitude of variability and diversity present in forty-eight fodder maize germplasm lines including 3 checks- African Tall, J-1006 and SFM-1.The experiment was conducted at Experimental field of GPB, Faculty of Agriculture, Wadura, SKUAST-K following Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 3 replications during Kharif season of 2022. The statistical analysis of the data demonstrated existence of significant genetic variation among all the evaluated maize germplasm lines for each trait under study. The phenotypic coefficients of variation (PCV) estimates were invariably higher than their corresponding genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) values suggesting higher environmental influence in the expression of the traits.Fresh leaf weight per plant exhibited high genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation.Selection of superior fodder maize germplasm lines based on their performance for green fodder yield per plant, grain yield per plant, fresh stem weight per plant and stem girth will be effective as these traits showed high heritability coupled with high genetic advance.The characters plant height, number of leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width, stem girth, fresh leaf weight per plant, fresh stem weight per plant and dry matter yield per plant showed highly significant and positive correlation with green fodder yield per plant. Plant height, fresh leaf weight per plant and stem girth exhibited considerable direct effects, coupled with highly significant and positive correlation with green fodder yield per plant indicating true correlation between them indicating that the selection of these traits would greatly enhance green fodder yield per plant.Divergence analysis, using MahanalobisD2statistics categorised the genotypes into 5 clusters of which maximum numbers of genotypes (23) grouped in Cluster I. The inter-cluster distance was observed to be highest between the Cluster II and Cluster III indicating presence of maximum diversity among the genotypes belonging to these two clusters. The unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) analysis grouped the germplasm lines into 4 groups with ClusterII as the largest group containing 17 germplasm lines.The highest inter-cluster distance was found between Cluster II and IV indicating the genotypes belonging to these two groups to be the most diverse ones.Principal component analysis revealed that five out of 16 PC principal components had Eigen values greater than one and could explain 88.33% of the total variability. Based on PC1 scores, the germplasm lines KDFM-86, KDFM-79, KDFM-76 and KDFM-55were identified as the potential contributor of variability, which can be used in crossing programs to transfer key traits related to yield.
Open Access
Characterization of Barley (Hordeum spp.) Germplasm and Screening for Resistance against Septoria Leaf Spot in Western Himalayas
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2023) Mujtahid Ishaq; Bhat, M. Ashraf
Barley (Hordeum vulgare ssp. vulgare) is a cereal crop that belongs to the Poaceae family. It is one of the most important cereal crops in the world. The present study was carried out using a set of 154 barley genotypes. The study involved trait phenotyping of barley germplasm, pre-harvest sprouting tolerance, field screening of barley germplasm against Septoria leaf spot, and development of genetic resources (F1 seed) for earliness and yield contributing traits. For the morphological characterization important traits were recorded viz., days to 50% heading, days to 100% heading, plant height, number of productive tillers plant-1, spike length, days to maturity, grain yield and seed traits like grain shape, grain length, grain colour and 1000 grain weight. The analysis of variance was found to be highly significant for all the traits under study, this indicates that sufficient genetic variability was present for most of the traits. Some traits were highly significant for both the replications as well as genotypes viz; days to 50% heading, days to 100% heading, days to maturity, grain length, 1000 seed weight and grain yield plant-1. The best lines identified for all the recorded traits were selected and listed as superior genotypes. The genotypes G4, G5 were earliest to mature followed by G1, G19, G57, G20, G35, G54, G55 and G52 as compared to that of check variety “Nor boo”. The genotypes were also evaluated for pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (PHST). PHST score for 154 barley genotypes ranged from resistant, intermediate and susceptible. Majority (73) of the genotypes were found to be susceptible to pre-harvest sprouting tolerance, only (15) genotypes were tolerant to PHST and the remaining (66) were intermediate to PHST. The screening of 150 genotypes including five checks for presence of characteristic symptoms of Septoria leaf spot was done in the open field. Out of 154 genotypes 2 genotypes were immune, 3 genotypes highly resistant, 4 genotypes resistant, 8 genotypes moderately resistant, 53 genotypes moderately susceptible, 43 genotypes susceptible and 36 genotypes highly susceptible. Crossing was also done for the development of F1 seed which a can be further used for the development of genetic resources (F2 populations) which will prove useful in future barley breeding programmes.
Open Access
Morphological and Biochemical characterization for Drought Tolerance and Related Traits in Chickpea
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2023) Sonone, Mohini Mohan; Khan, M. Anwar
A set of twenty (20) chickpea genotypes were evaluated for drought tolerance in Factorial Completely Randomised Design (CRD) with two (2) replications during years 2021 and 2022. The observations were recorded for morphological traits viz., growth habit, days to 50% flowering, flower colour, plant height, shoot weight, number of pods per plant, seed shape, seed colour, 100-seed weight, root length, root weight, root volume, number of trichomes per 1mm of leaf area and leaf chlorophyll index and biochemical parameters such as lipid peroxidation (MDA), hydrogen peroxidation (H2O2), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), catalase (CAT) and proline.The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) of morphological and three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for biochemical parameters studied showed significant differences among the genotypes for the traits under study. The study reports overall decrease in plant height under drought stress as compared to normal condition. The genotype (C10) showed mean plant height of 75.00 cm under water stressed and 76.50 cm under controlled condition and as such was identified as a drought tolerant genotype. Less variation was observed for days to 50% flowering and a prominent decrease in number of pods per plant was in drought stress condition.Root length decreases significantly under drought stress. Those genotypes that maintain or show increased root length under drought stress were identified as drought tolerant genotypes. The study also found that trichomes play significant role in drought stress tolerance in plants. Both glandular and non-glandular trichomes are seen comparatively more in numbers in drought stressed plants than in normal plants. The study recorded that with onset of drought the total chlorophyll decreases and the chlorophyll index was decreased under drought stress. High root density (per volume unit) and root dry weight, both in deep soil strata, had a positive influence on chickpea yield under drought conditions. Root depth and root biomass have been identified as the most promising plant traits in chickpea for terminal drought tolerance. Drought stress reduced significantly the yield and the nodule characteristics, biological and grain yield. For biochemical parameters, the higher level of lipid peroxidation under drought stress was reported as compared to normal condition. The genotype C10 recorded lowest MDA value and highest ascorbate peroxidase activity and was identified as drought tolerant genotype. Hydrogen peroxidation activity was increased in all chickpea genotypes. The genotype C14 showed lowest level of H2O2 and highest level of guaiacol peroxidase activity, thus, it was identified as tolerant genotype. APX activity increased in all chickpea genotypes under drought stress. There is a significant positive corelation observed between antioxidant enzymes viz., APX, GPX and catalase studied. The guaiacol peroxidase activity increased significantly in all chickpea genotypes under drought stress. C14 genotype has the maximum GPX activity and lowest hydrogen peroxidation and was identified as drought tolerant genotype. The catalase activity increased for all chickpea genotypes under drought stress and C16 genotype has the maximum catalase activity. There is an overall increase in proline content in all the chickpea genotypes under drought stress. A significant positive correlation was found between proline and other antioxidant enzymes viz., APX, GPX and catalase. The ranking studies of the genotypes revealed C10, C16, C14 and C12 genotypes have expressed well for the drought related traits viz., root weight, root length, root volume, shoot weight, number of pods per plant, test weight and chlorophyll index and were categorised among top ten drought tolerant genotypes under study. The study concludes thatthe chickpea genotypes C10, C16, C14 and C12 are identified as drought tolerant genotypescan be recommended for their use in breeding programmes aimed at development of drought tolerance in chickpea.
Open Access
Evaluation of Emmer Wheat (Triticum dicoccum) Germplasm for Agro-morphological, Yield and Yield Related Traits
(2022) Zaitoon; Khan, M. Anwar
One hundred eighty emmer wheat germplasm lines were evaluated in augmented block design (ABD) with 3 checks in nine blocks at the research field of Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Wadura. The data was recorded for agro-morphological and yield related traits viz., days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of tillers per plant, spike length (cm), number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike and grain yield per plant (g/plant); and seed traits viz., grain length, grain breadth, grain colour, test weight, germination percentage, seed vigour index-I, seed vigour index-II, electrical conductivity and seed density. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for agro- morphological, yield related traits and seed traits depicted significant variation among genotypes for all the traits. The study could identify the most promising genotypes viz., EW-15, EW-20, EW-33, EW 67, EW-97, EW-192, EW- 205 for agro- morphological and yield attributing traits. Those genotypes could further be tested for their agronomic performance and their recommendation for their use in wheat breeding programmes. The genotypes EW-56, EW-57, EW-84, EW-85, EW-89, EW-93, EW-94, EW-112, EW-114, EW-128, EW- 156, EW-157 recorded better seed traits and could as such be recommended for their use in plant breeding programmes in development of seed quality in wheat. The germplasm lines under study were further screened for leaf blight resistance following the study of Conn et al. (1990). The twenty nine (29) genotypes viz., EW-2, EW-5, EW-10, EW-12, EW-17, EW-18, EW-21, EW-32, EW- 66, EW-68, EW-73, EW-77, EW-78, EW- 79, EW-93, EW-102, EW-113, EW-121, EW-124, EW-131, EW-141, EW-142, EW-143, EW-151, EW-157, EW-172, EW-192, EW-193 and EW-218 were screened as highly resistant types with immune reaction. Such sources of resistance to leaf blight could be of great help to breeders interested in development of long lasting or durable resistance against leaf blight in wheat. Overall, the genotypes identified as efficient sources for improvement of agro morphological, yield attributing and seed traits could be directly used in hybridization programmes, gene transfer or introgression studies aimed at genetic improvement of yield attributing traits in wheat. The sources of resistance to leaf blight identified in the study could further be tested for their efficiency and uniqueness and for their use in gene deployment studies with ultimate goal of building a durable and long-lasting leaf blight resistance in wheat.
Open Access
Genetic characterization of Field pea (Pisum sativum)
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Zahid Hassan; Lone, Ajaz Ahmad
Field pea (Pisum sativum) is among the major pulse crops, used as human diet. The present study entitled as“Genetic characterization of Field pea (Pisum sativum)” was carried out at Dry land Agriculture Research Station (DARS), Budgam to analyze the genetic variability of Field pea (Pisum sativum) using 57 genotypes includingchecks. The experiment was laid in Augmented Block Design (ABD).During the study 16 DUS (Distinctiveness, Uniformity and Stability) characters were recorded as per the guidelines prescribed by DUS descriptor given by IIPR, Kanpur. The genotypes were analyzed and divided into several categories for each character based on the DUS characterization, which can act as a guide and be used to efficiently identify and categorize genotypes. Furthermore, depending on the character-specific objectives, these genotypes can be used in cultivar development initiatives. The diversity analysis based on morphological traits revealed wide range of variability among the genotypes, hence further improvement of genotypes can be considered for further breeding programmes. The descriptive statistics for various morphological, yield and yield attributing traits was studied. The mean and range for various morphological traits viz.number of primary branches, number of secondary branches, plant height (cm), pod length (cm), number of seeds per pod, number of pods per axil, number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight (g), days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and yield (q/ha) were 10.79, 24.87, 76.46, 7.13, 4.92, 2.93, 10.93, 18.21, 159.18, 209.81, 14.07 and 7.20-13.56, 13.4-35.34, 30.48-118.6, 4.4-9.4, 3.0-6.5, 2.33-3.33, 9.00-14.33, 16.6-22.5, 155.21-164.23, 205.33-214.70, 10.72-19.75 respectively. The correlation studies revealed positive and significant association of plant height with number of primary and secondary branches, pods per axil and seed yield. Number of primary and secondary branches were significantly correlated between themselves and with days to maturity and seed yield. Pod length also exhibited significant association with seed yield. Number of seeds per pod and number of pods per axil were significantly correlated with seed yield. 100-seed weight also showed significant association with seed yield.PEG mediated screening of genotypes showed that root length decreases as concentration of PEG is increased. Similar results were found for seminal roots, lateral roots and root biomass under PEG screening. The highest mean primary root length was recorded in genotype PANT-243 (4.511cm) followed by KDP-27 (4.489cm) and KPD-26 (4.156cm), while as KDP-57 (2.478cm) recorded lowest mean primary root length followed by HFP-715 (2.711cm) and KDP-23 (2.733cm).The mean number of lateral roots was recorded maximum for KDP-27 (4.444) followed KDP-62 (3.111) and KDP-31(2.556). Minimum number of lateral roots were observed in KDP-23 (0.22) followed by KDP-20 (0.77) and HFP-715 X HFP 1302 (0.88). KDP-27 (0.137g) recorded maximum mean root biomass followed by KDP-46 (0.120g) and KDP-24 (0.106g). The minimum mean root biomass was observed in KDP-23 (0.046g) followed by KDP-44 (0.051g) and KDP-20(0.057g).
Open Access
Study of Seed Ageing and Priming on Seed Quality and Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp]
(SKUAST Kashmir, 2022) Navdeep Kaur; Kumar, Sanjay
The present investigation was performed at the Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SKUAST-Kashmir during the year 2021-2022 to understand effect of seed ageing and priming on quality and yield of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] . The seeds of two genotypes of cowpea namely Shalimar cowpea - 1 (G1) and SKUAC-407 (G2) were divided in three lots according to their age as fresh seed (A1), one year old seed (A2) and two year old seed (A3) which were stored under ambient conditions. These lots of aged seeds were further divided into four sub lots and primed with water (T2), mancozeb (T2), GA3 (T4) and control (T1). Thus forming 24 treatment combination. All the treatments were replicated three times. Treated seeds were sown in field and various parameters were recorded. Data obtained was analyzed following factorial CRD and RBD Design. Results indicated that Shalimar cowpea – 1 (G1) had significantly higher germination percentage (84.880 %), seedling length (16.453 cm), seedling dry weight (72.865 mg), seedling vigour index I (1505.236), seedling vigour index II (6639.153), tetrazolium activity (90.111), electrical conductivity (52.608), 100 seed weight (97.22), seed density (2.530), dehydrogenase activity (1.264) accompanied with speed of emergence index (4.110), seedling Establishment (82.556), mean emergence time (0.730), plant height (84.58), pods plant-1 (18.412), pod length (12.381), seeds pods-1 (11.169), seed yield (4.364) as compare to SKUAC- 407 (G2) . Ageing of seeds altered the different morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes revealing decrease in test weight, seed density, standard germination, seedling length, dry weight per seedling, seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II, dehydrogenase activity, speed of emergence, seedling establishment, plant height, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1, seed yield whereas mean emergence time and electrical conductivity and mycoflora increased with ageing period. While priming of seeds by different agents revive the seeds and showed improvement in different morpho-physiological as well as biochemical attributes. Therefore, from this study, it can be concluded that ageing causes severe loss of seed quality and vigour while priming can reverse the effect of ageing. The present investigation was performed at the Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding, SKUAST-Kashmir during the year 2021-2022 to understand effect of seed ageing and priming on quality and yield of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp] . The seeds of two genotypes of cowpea namely Shalimar cowpea - 1 (G1) and SKUAC-407 (G2) were divided in three lots according to their age as fresh seed (A1), one year old seed (A2) and two year old seed (A3) which were stored under ambient conditions. These lots of aged seeds were further divided into four sub lots and primed with water (T2), mancozeb (T2), GA3 (T4) and control (T1). Thus forming 24 treatment combination. All the treatments were replicated three times. Treated seeds were sown in field and various parameters were recorded. Data obtained was analyzed following factorial CRD and RBD Design. Results indicated that Shalimar cowpea – 1 (G1) had significantly higher germination percentage (84.880 %), seedling length (16.453 cm), seedling dry weight (72.865 mg), seedling vigour index I (1505.236), seedling vigour index II (6639.153), tetrazolium activity (90.111), electrical conductivity (52.608), 100 seed weight (97.22), seed density (2.530), dehydrogenase activity (1.264) accompanied with speed of emergence index (4.110), seedling Establishment (82.556), mean emergence time (0.730), plant height (84.58), pods plant-1 (18.412), pod length (12.381), seeds pods-1 (11.169), seed yield (4.364) as compare to SKUAC- 407 (G2) . Ageing of seeds altered the different morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes revealing decrease in test weight, seed density, standard germination, seedling length, dry weight per seedling, seedling vigour index I and seedling vigour index II, dehydrogenase activity, speed of emergence, seedling establishment, plant height, pods plant-1, pod length, seeds pod-1, seed yield whereas mean emergence time and electrical conductivity and mycoflora increased with ageing period. While priming of seeds by different agents revive the seeds and showed improvement in different morpho-physiological as well as biochemical attributes. Therefore, from this study, it can be concluded that ageing causes severe loss of seed quality and vigour while priming can reverse the effect of ageing.

Thesis

Browse

Thesis Type

Type

Author

Date

Subject

Advanced Search

Settings

Sort By

Results per page

Search Results