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Author: Shyam Sunder × Start date: 1999 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on cumin blight caused by alternaria burnsii (Uppal, Patel and Kamat)
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Shyam Sunder; Mehra, Rakesh
    The laboratory, screen house and field studies entitled, “Studies on Alternaria blight of cumin caused by Alternaria burnsi (Uppal, Patel and Kamat)” was conducted at Research area of Department of Plant Pathology CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter (rabi) season of 2004-05. The experiments were laid out in randomized block design in field and completely randomized design in lab conditions. Alternaria blight disease of cumin appears in severe form during 2004-05 crop season. Symptoms of the blight disease appears as leaf tip become necrotic, turned purple and ultimately black in colour and infection extends to all the above ground parts viz., stem parts under severe infection, no seed formation, If formed, are non-viable. Conidia with beak 20.0 to 64.5 μ and 12.0 to 20.2 μ or without beak, 3-6 transverse septate, having 6 to 8 spore chain with rounded base. Conidiophores are branched, 2-6 celled and septate. Out of 50 genotypes/varieties of cumin screened against Alternaria blight under field and screen house conditions, none was found highly resistant and resistant. However, five lines, viz., AC-167, UC-342, RZ-209 (2001), UC-198, UC-216 were moderately resistant under both the conditions. Rest of the lines showed susceptible to highly susceptible reaction. Out of four dates of sowing early sown (20th Oct.) and late sown (5th Dec) crop showed less disease severity as compared to 5th Nov. 2004 and 20th Nov. sown crop. Maximum disease severity was in the crop sown on 5th Nov. Among the four varieties highest disease severity was observed in RS-1 variety and least disease severity on variety GC-3 on all the dates of sowing. Both the temperatures, morning (7.5-12.90C) and evening (21-240C) and relative humidity (91-95%) play a major role in the disease development. Regression equations have been developed for 4 varieties. Among the 10 plant extracts evaluated against Alternaria burnsii, datura and garlic plant extracts were found best followed by neem and aak plant extracts. Among four fungal antagonists evaluated in vitro against Alternaria burnsii, Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum were found most effective. Among bacterial antagonists, Pseudomonas fluorescens showed good control. In chemical control experiment, seed treatment with Bavistin (2.5g) + foliar sprays of Indofil M-45 (0.2%) were found best in controlling the cumin blight followed by Kitazin (0.2%), Blitox-50 (0.2%) and Kavach (0.2%). Seed treatment with Bavistin (2.5 g) + foliar application of plant extracts of datura and garlic clove (25%) or bioagents (T. viride, T. harzianum and P. fluorescens) also help in reducing the cumin blight but comparatively less effective in comparison to fungicidal sprays.
  • Thumbnail Image
    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on cumin blight caused by alternaria burnsii (Uppal, Patel and Kamat)
    (CCSHAU, 2005) Shyam Sunder; Mehra, Rakesh
    The laboratory, screen house and field studies entitled, “Studies on Alternaria blight of cumin caused by Alternaria burnsi (Uppal, Patel and Kamat)” was conducted at Research area of Department of Plant Pathology CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar during winter (rabi) season of 2004-05. The experiments were laid out in randomized block design in field and completely randomized design in lab conditions. Alternaria blight disease of cumin appears in severe form during 2004-05 crop season. Symptoms of the blight disease appears as leaf tip become necrotic, turned purple and ultimately black in colour and infection extends to all the above ground parts viz., stem parts under severe infection, no seed formation, If formed, are non-viable. Conidia with beak 20.0 to 64.5 μ and 12.0 to 20.2 μ or without beak, 3-6 transverse septate, having 6 to 8 spore chain with rounded base. Conidiophores are branched, 2-6 celled and septate. Out of 50 genotypes/varieties of cumin screened against Alternaria blight under field and screen house conditions, none was found highly resistant and resistant. However, five lines, viz., AC-167, UC-342, RZ-209 (2001), UC-198, UC-216 were moderately resistant under both the conditions. Rest of the lines showed susceptible to highly susceptible reaction. Out of four dates of sowing early sown (20th Oct.) and late sown (5th Dec) crop showed less disease severity as compared to 5th Nov. 2004 and 20th Nov. sown crop. Maximum disease severity was in the crop sown on 5th Nov. Among the four varieties highest disease severity was observed in RS-1 variety and least disease severity on variety GC-3 on all the dates of sowing. Both the temperatures, morning (7.5-12.90C) and evening (21-240C) and relative humidity (91-95%) play a major role in the disease development. Regression equations have been developed for 4 varieties. Among the 10 plant extracts evaluated against Alternaria burnsii, datura and garlic plant extracts were found best followed by neem and aak plant extracts. Among four fungal antagonists evaluated in vitro against Alternaria burnsii, Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum were found most effective. Among bacterial antagonists, Pseudomonas fluorescens showed good control. In chemical control experiment, seed treatment with Bavistin (2.5g) + foliar sprays of Indofil M-45 (0.2%) were found best in controlling the cumin blight followed by Kitazin (0.2%), Blitox-50 (0.2%) and Kavach (0.2%). Seed treatment with Bavistin (2.5 g) + foliar application of plant extracts of datura and garlic clove (25%) or bioagents (T. viride, T. harzianum and P. fluorescens) also help in reducing the cumin blight but comparatively less effective in comparison to fungicidal sprays.