Loading...
Theses
Browse
Search Results
ThesisItem Open Access Issues, impediments and prospects of e-NAM – A study of perception and opinion of stakeholders of Haryana(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2023-08-28) Mukesh Kumar; Dhingra, AtulThe present study entitled “Issues, Impediments and Prospects of e-NAM – A Study of Perception and Opinion of Stakeholders of Haryana” has been undertaken with the objective to examine the functioning of e-NAM and issues, impediments related to it; to understand the perception and opinions of stakeholders of Haryana on the problems and intricacies of e-NAM and know the perception and opinions of stakeholders of Haryana on the prospects and potential of e-NAM. The study was conducted in 20 e-NAM mandis of 13 districts of Haryana. Statistical analysis and interpretation were done by using statistical test and techniques like Factor analysis, Likert scale, averages and chi-square test. Mostly 27% farmers were secondary educated, 60% intermediaries were graduate and 90% mandi officials were graduate. Majority of stakeholders agreed that infrastructure facilities like availability of bank/ATM, availability of utilities viz. electricity, drinking water, parking of vehicles and sheds were provided properly by government while the facilities like Loud speakers and broadcasting system, price display board, storage of unsold produce, provisions of weighing scales etc. needed to be improved. 77% farmers and 53% intermediaries said that they did not get training on use of e-NAM while all the mandi officers had said that they provided training to both stakeholders (farmers & intermediaries). 62% farmers and 60% intermediaries revealed that they had not attended awareness program on e-NAM while all the mandi officers claimed that they organised awareness program for both stakeholders. The study revealed that there was significant effect of education level of farmers and intermediaries on training attended on use of e-NAM, Choice of system of trade while there was no significant effect of age of intermediaries on training attended on use of e-NAM and choice of system of trade. Present study also revealed that prospects and potential were the most important factors with highest variance percentage 20.233 among all the other factors. All the intermediaries agreed that they did not have unified licence to trade across the states. Majority of the stakeholders agree that farmers did not get better price while trade through e-NAM. According to the stakeholder’s unavailability of Training program, Poor understanding of concept, timely payment, grading and assaying parameters and infrastructure facilities were the most challenging factors in functioning of e-NAM. While according to mandi officials resisting nature of intermediaries, poor understanding of concept, farmers were misguided by middlemen, Board/screen to display the bidding and weighing of lots are not used properly, e-weighing machine were not connected with e-NAM portal, e-weighing was not implemented in mandi premises, Direct money transfer facility was not implemented properly and better price was not provided through e-NAM were the major problems faced in functioning of e-NAM. Majority of stakeholders suggested that organizing awareness program, training programs, direct money transfer to account, well defined assaying parameters, modern storage facilities, modern assaying equipment, timely information, modern infrastructure facilities and expending banking & financial services were the major factors which helped in proper functioning of e-NAM.ThesisItem Open Access Structure elucidation and toxicity studies of biosurfactant produced using bacteria and its efficacy in seed germination(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2021-09) Mukesh Kumar; Sangwan, SeemaPresent investigation targeted biosurfactant production by two bacteria namely Klebsiella pneumoniae BK34 and Staphylococcus lentus BK68. Biosurfactant production was scaled up successfully to 1 litre of working volume. The oil displacements generated by biosurfactant produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae BK34 were found to be 11.3, 11.5 and 11.6cm at the fermentation scales of 200, 500 and 1000ml. Butter waste was proved to be a preferred carbon source by both the bacteria as evident from the comparison of oil displacement obtained at every scale of fermentation during biosurfactant production. Acid precipitation method proved to be a superior method for biosurfactant extraction and maximum yields of 29.00g/L and 25.5g/L were recorded in case of Klebsiella pneumoniae BK34 and Staphylococcus lentus BK68, respectively. The characterization of biosurfactant using FTIR spectroscopy revealed the glycolipopeptide and lipopeptide nature of biosurfactants produced by bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae BK34 and Staphylococcus lentus BK68, respectively. U-HPLC chromatogram of both the biosurfactants revealed the presence of surfactin isoforms in the mass spectrum of both the biosurfactants. The biosurfactants BS34 and BS68 were also found to be non-phytotoxic in nature. Both biosurfactants BS34 and BS68 at their highest concentration (1.0%), respectively, resulted in seed germination indices of 251.36 and 233.12 in mungbean MH-421 [Vigna radiata(L.)] and 187.74 and 197.79 in chickpea HC-1 [(Cicer arietinum(L.)], clearly indicating their non-phytotoxic nature. Furthermore, the biosurfactants were found to be non-antimicrobial against common soil microflora and non-cyto toxic towards vero cell lines. Both the biosurfactants were also found to be non-toxic towards plant growth in mungbean and chickpea as assessed under pot house conditions. Biosurfactant BS34 at 1.0% concentration improved the chlorophyll content (SPAD values), plant height, nodule number and seed weight per plant in mungbean, respectively to 41.42, 38.86cm, 14.0 and 1.18g as compared to 40.99, 32.33cm, 11.0 and 0.87g in case of control treatment received only distilled water. Biosurfactant BS68 at 1.0% concentration improved the chlorophyll content (SPAD values), plant height, nodule number per plant and seed weight per plant in chickpea to 42.26, 49.33cm, 18.67 and 0.90g, respectively. These values have shown statistically significant improvement as compared to the corresponding values of 39.22, 34.67cm, 12.33 and 0.43g obtained in SDS treatment at same concentration.ThesisItem Open Access Effect of irrigation methods and planting dates on yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)(CCSHAU, Hisar, 2019-11) Mukesh Kumar; Bhatia, A KThe present investigation entitled “Effect of irrigation methods and planting dates on yield of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)” was studied at Research farm of Department of Vegetable Science, CCS HAU, Hisar during the year 2017-18 and 2018-19. Among different irrigation methods, micro-sprinkler irrigation method (I2) significantly enhance total tubers yield of potato (230.0 and 252.2 q/ha harvested at 75 DAP and 246.1 and 295.2 q/ha harvested at 90 DAP) over furrow irrigation method, whereas, among different dates of planting, 15th October (D4) gave significantly maximum total tubers yield of potato (341.6 and 363.4 q/ha harvested at 75 DAP and 383.2 and 417.3 q/ha harvested at 90 DAP) over rest of the other planting dates during 2017-18 and 2018-19, respectively. While comparing the interaction between irrigation method and date of planting, maximum yield of potato was observed in treatment D4I2 and comparing the combinations of different dates of planting with different methods of irrigation, maximum total tubers yield of potato (349.0 and 371.8 q/ha harvested at 75 DAP and 392.3 q/ha and 435.8 q/ha harvested at 90 DAP) were recorded in treatment D4I2 (where potato planted on 15th October under micro-sprinkler irrigation) which was statistically at par with D4 I1 (334.3 q/ha) during 2017-18 harvested at 75 DAP and D4 I1 (414.8 q/ha) during 2018-19 harvested at 90 DAP but potato planted on 15th September and harvested at 75 DAP with micro-sprinkler irrigation method to be a good substitute for existing planting dates and duration, which gave highest benefit cost ration (due to high price of fresh potato) under Hisar conditions.ThesisItem Open Access Studies on cotton root rot incited by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid(CCSHAU, 2017) Mukesh Kumar; Yadav, Naresh KumarCotton root rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. is one of the most important soil borne disease of cotton in India. In the present investigations an effort was made to find out the efficacy of different fungitoxicants and antagonists under in-vitro and screen house conditions and the effect of temperature on different isolates of M. phaseolina. Carbendazim and MEMC at 10ppm concentration gave 100% mycelial growth inhibition of M. phaseolina in vitro. Five isolates of Trichoderma spp. were evaluated against M. phaseolina in vitro. T. viride – I was observed the most effective as it caused maximum growth inhibition (71.1%) of the pathogen followed by T. harizianum – II (62.6%). Seed treatment of cotton with the antagonists along with compost significantly reduced the pre and post emergence mortality due to M. phaseolina under screen house condition. It was found that in both American and Desi cottons, seed treatment of T. viride + soil application of T. viride incubated in FYM was better in controlling the disease as it exhibited 56.9–68.2 per cent disease control in A. Cotton and 64.9–62.3 per cent disease control in Desi cotton. The effect of fungitoxicants against cotton root rot was investigated under screen house condition in American cotton and Desi cotton. It was found that in both the cottons seed treatment with carbendazim was best in controlling the disease as it exhibited 68–78.3 per cent disease control in American cotton and 75.5–82.8 per cent disease control in Desi cotton. Colony colours of the six isolates of M. phaseolina were variable on two media i.e. PDA and CDA. Colonies of isolates were grey, dark grey, or black. The white colony colour was observed at lower temperature i.e., 15°C and 20°C on both media. Black colour colonies of all the isolates were noticed at 35°C in both the media indicating that the fungus grows at slower rate at low temperature. At 72 hrs of measurement the M. phaseolina exhibited maximum growth on PDA medium. PDA medium was the more favourable for mycelial growth and CDA medium was for favourable for microsclerotia size of this pathogen. Substantial differences in diameter between microsclerotia of the same isolate on different media were observed. The diameter of Sclerotia ranged from 74 to 120 μm in PDA and CDA. Size of sclerotia in both media did not vary with variation in temperature.ThesisItem Open Access Effects Of Cytoplasmic Male-Sterility On Expression Of Resistance To Sorghum Shoot Fly,Atherigona Soccata (Rondani ) (Muscidae- Diptera)(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2004) Mukesh Kumar; J. S. NareshThesisItem Open Access Biochemical Investigations on Nutritional Properties of Pearl Millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.](CCSHAU, 2015) Mukesh Kumar; Chugh, L.K.The present investigation was carried out to achieve two objectives. Under the first objective for identifying the promising, pearl millet lines among the 103 pearl millet genotypes (46 inbreds, 46 designated B-lines and 11 hybrids/composites) for their nutritional characters viz. crude protein, total antioxidant activity (TAA), phytate, micronutrients (Fe and Zn) and total phenols were grown during kharif-2013 and kharif-2014. Significant variation was observed in all the parameters during both the seasons. All the hybrids/composite except HHB 67imp and WHC 901-445 demonstrated excellent antioxidant capacity. On the basis of mean performance of two successive seasons 8 advance inbreds viz. DPHBL 11-123, H 1305, HBL-112/H12/1011, HBL 0843-04, LPBL 10/112, LPBL 10/120, H 0620 and 94/54-1 and 14 designated B-lines viz. HMS 7B-1, HMS 14B, HMS 16B, HMS 18B, HMS 21B, HMS 26B, HMS 32B, HMS 36B, HMS 39B, HMS 46B, HMS 52B, HMS 53B, HMS 59B and ICMB 89111 were selected as promising for different nutritional characters. A significant positive correlation was observed between Fe and Zn contents (r = 0.523 to 0.702, P<0.01) and between TAA and total phenols content. The second objective of this investigation was to find out relationship if any, between nitrogen metabolizing enzymes activities in pearl millet flag leaf and roots and protein, phytate and micronutrients (Fe & Zn) deposition in developing grains. For achieving this, five pearl millet genotypes viz. HMS 14B, HMS 18B, HMS 53B, HC 20 and WHC 901- 445 were grown. Activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes viz. nitrate reductase (NR), nitrite reductase (NiR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) and alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) in flag leaf and roots were measured at different growth stages while deposition of protein, phytate and micronutrients (Fe and Zn) were recorded in developing grains at different grain developmental stages. All enzymes showed higher activities in flag leaf than that of roots of every genotype. NR, NiR, GS and AspAT activities in flag leaf increased up to anthesis stage and after that started decreasing while GDH activity remained almost constant throughout the growth period till grain maturity. No relationship was observed between activities of these enzymes in flag leaf and roots and deposition of any nutrients in developing grains except grain protein content. Along with these genotypes four other genotypes were also investigated for leaf NR activity at 25DBS and their grain protein content. A strong positive correlation was observed between in vivo NR activity in flag leaf at 25DBA and grain protein content (r = 0.700 to 0.887, p<0.01). This might be used as biochemical marker for predicting grain protein content at early growth stage of plants.ThesisItem Open Access Evaluation And Molecular Marker Studies For Karnal Bunt Resistance In Wheat(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University;Hisar, 2004) Mukesh Kumar; Luthra, O.P.ThesisItem Open Access Studies On Suitability Of Ber Fruits For Preparation Of Different Products(Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University; Hisar, 2006) Mukesh Kumar; Devi Singh
