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2015 - 20197
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Author: Monika × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2010 ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    An exploratory study on stress level among adolescents and coping mechanism
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Monika; Mehta, Manju
    Adolescence period begin between ages 13 and 19 years and it is the transitional phase from childhood to adulthood. Stress has become a predictable word in the fast turning technical word. Stress has been experienced by almost everyone in all segment of life. The stress was ominous in earlier period now it becomes a normal part of life. The objectives of study were to assess the level of stress among adolescents, to delineate the factors causing stress among the adolescents, to identify the coping mechanism adopted by the adolescents. The present study was conducted in Hisar city of Haryana state. Two government senior secondary schools and two private schools were randomly selected. The two government senior secondary schools were Government Senior Secondary School, Model Town and Government Senior Secondary School, Patel Nagar. The two private schools were New Yashoda Public School, Siddharth International School. 200 adolescents (25 girls and 25 boys) in the age group of 15 to 19 years were selected random from each school. Total sample comprised of 200 adolescents (100 girls and 100 boys). Level of stress was assessed by using the Student Stress Scale by Zaki Akthar (2011). Results revealed that in adolescent girls and boy's main reason of stress was way of living and academic factors. Girls were more stressed due to academic factors whereas cognitive stress was found more among boys. Adolescent's girls and boys experienced moderate level of stress due to stress causing factors. As per the student stress scale level of stress was below average in girls and moderate level in boys of government schools whereas in private school both girls and boys were having moderate level of stress. Adolescent boys experienced more stress as compared to girls. Confusion was the main stress symptoms among adolescents. Adolescents adopted the relaxation technique in the form of listening music and self distraction technique in the form of playing games, watching T.V.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Persistence and leaching behaviour of premix formulation of flubendiamide and buprofezin in soil
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Monika; Duhan, Anil
    In Agrochemicals Residues Testing Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University a laboratory experiment was conducted to study the persistence behaviour and leaching potential of flubendiamide and buprofezin residues in sandy loam and clay loam soil. To study the persistence behaviour of flubendiamide and buprofezin at single and double dose, i.e., 210 and 420 g a.i./ha, was applied in soil taken in plastic pots. Soil samples were collected periodically on 0 (1h), 1, 3, 7, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 90 days after treatments. In leaching experiment, flubendiamide and buprofezin was applied at 50 (single dose) and 100 μg (double dose) in both soils packed in plexi glass columns. Residues of flubendiamide and buprofezin were estimated by HPLC coupled with Quadrupole Dalton Mass Detector (QDa) and GC-MS-tandem mass spectrometry equipped with capillary column. For both insecticides limit of detection and quantification were 0.001 and 0.005 μg/g, respectively. Dissipation followed a first order kinetics in case of both flubendiamide and buprofezin. Half-life of flubendiamide was found to be 25.1 and 26.6 days in clay loam soil and in case of sandy loam, 27.3 and 31.3 days at both the doses, respectively. For buprofezin, half-life was 12.4 and 12.6 days in clay loam and 19.1 and 20.2 days in sandy loam at both the doses, respectively. The residues were below detectable limit after 45 days in case of flubendiamide for both the treatments however buprofezin residues reached below detectable limit after 60 days. Leaching experiment was carried out in laboratory under continuous flow conditions. The residues of flubendiamide and buprofezin were retained up to soil depth of 30-35 cm but maximum retention was found upto 15 cm in flubendiammide and upto 20 cm in buprofezin. There were no fractions of flubendiamide and buprofezin residues in leachate indicating about poor leaching potential of both insecticides.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Evaluation of management practices against Polyphagotarsonemus latus (Banks) and its role as vector of leaf curl virus in chilli
    (CCSHAU, 2018) Monika; Gulati, Rachna
    Under in vitro 35.00 to 67.27 and 33.89 to 63.89 percent mortality of P. latus was recorded in Direct Spray Bioassay, with 2.5 to 10.0 % and 1.25 to 10.0 % seed and leaf extract concentrations of P. pinnata, respectively. LC50 values of methanolic seed and leaf extract of P. pinnata were 5.36 and 5.31, respectively for mobile stages of P. latus. Under field conditions, the percent reduction in P. latus was from 40.60 to 72.55 percent with all the treatments concentration of P. pinnata. Under in vivo P. pinnata seed extract 10.0% (72.55%), was the most potent in reducing the mite population followed by P. pinnata leaf extract 10.0% (65.10 %), P. pinnata seed extract 7.5 % (62.66 %), P. pinnata seed extract 5.4 % (55.49%), P. pinnata leaf extract 7.5 % (54.98 %), P. pinnata seed extract 5.0 % (48.33%), P. pinnata leaf extract 5.3 % (47.58%), P. pinnata leaf extract 5.0 % (40.16%) and Pyriproxyfen 5% + Fenpropathrin 15% EC (1ml/l H2O) (37. 83%), respectively. Studies on seasonal incidence of P. latus revealed a peak in its population on chilli during second fortnight of October during the respective crop seasons in both the years under field conditions. Strata wise, top strata harboured significantly more number of mites followed by middle and bottom strata. A comparison of mulch treatments showed that Organic mulch 12t/ha was most effective in reduction of P. latus population (79.30 %), followed by Black/Silver polythene sheet (78.50 %), Black/White polythene sheet (78.30 %), Black polythene sheet (77.50 %), Organic mulch 9t/ha (74.70 %) and Organic mulch 6t/ha (65.30 %) treatment as compared to control. In terms of percent increase in yield, Organic mulch 12t/ha caused highest increase (57.90 % over control) followed by Black polythene sheet mulch, Black/Silver polythene sheet mulch, Black/White polythene sheet mulch, Organic mulch 9t/ha and Organic mulch 6t/ha showing 47.49, 46.72, 45.17, 42.47 and 34.36 percent increase over control. P. latus showed non-transmissible nature of virus. Thus it indicated that mite is not a carrier vector for transmission of leaf curl virus into chilli plant.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Effect of cutting management and phosphorus fertilization on forage yield, quality and seed yield of multicut oat (Avena sativa L.)
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Monika; Sheoran, R.S.
    The field experiment entitled “Effect of cutting management and phosphorus fertilization on forage yield, quality and seed yield of multicut oat (Avena sativa L.)” was conducted during the rabi season of 2016-17 at the Forage Research Farm of Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar with the objective to study the effect of cutting management and phosphorus fertilization on forage yield, seed production, quality and economics of different treatments for oat. Treatment combinations comprised of eight cutting management treatments i.e. C1 (Seed to Seed), C2 (Fodder at 50% flowering), C3 (Fodder 60 DAS- Seed), C4 (Fodder 70 DAS- Seed), C5 (Fodder at 80 DAS- Seed), C6 (Fodder 60 DAS- Fodder at 50% flowering), C7 (Fodder at 70 DAS- Fodder at 50% flowering), C8 (Fodder 80 DAS- Fodder at 50% flowering) and four levels of phosphorus i.e. control, 20, 40 and 60 kg P2O5/ha. The experiment was laid out in split plot design and replicated thrice. The soil of the experimental field low in available nitrogen (161 kg N/ha, medium in available), phosphorus (12 kg/ha, medium in availibity), K (252 kg/ha, slightly alkaline in reaction having pH 7.8). The results indicated that the highest fodder and dry matter yield was obtained when only one cut of fodder was taken at 50% flowering stage and it was statistically at par for green fodder yield with treatment where first cut for fodder was taken at 80 DAS and second cut at 50% flowering stage. Harvesting of fodder at 80 DAS gave significantly higher forage yield and seed yield than the harvesting at 60 or 70 DAS. Contrary to this, the straw yield and biological yield were significantly higher in the treatment when the crop was raised purely for seed purpose. Under dual system, delay in first cut i.e. from 60 to 80 DAS resulted in a significant increase in fodder yield, seed yield, crude protein yield and net returns over the earlier cuttings. Every incremental dose of applied phosphorus resulted in a significant improvement in forage, seed and straw yield as well as the quality parameters and nutrient uptake over the lower doses. Harvesting of fodder at 50% flowering stage only gave the highest net returns and B: C ratio, whereas, under dual system, maximum net returns as well as B: C ratio was realized when first cut was taken at 80 DAS and then the crop was left for seed purpose. Application of 40 kg P2O5/ha also resulted in the higher forage and seed yield along with maximum net returns.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Studies on development of instant rajmash and rice convenient mix
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Monika; Siddiqui, Saleem
    The present investigation ―Studies on development of instant rajmash and rice convenient mix‖ was conducted with the objectives to develop instant rajmash - rice convenient mix and to study its shelf life. The instant rajmash was prepared from var. Chitra and instant rice was prepared from var. Basmati. The instant spice m ix was also prepared. For instantization of rajmash and rice, grains were soaked, cooked, frozen and then to ~ 5% moisture level either by cabinet dryer (40-45oC) or freeze dryer. The instant products were packed in LDPE and metalized polypropylene pouches, stored for three months at room temperature and analysed at monthly intervals for various physical characteristics, nutritional quality and sensory attributes. It was observed that grain hardness, rehydration ratio, volume expansion ration, moisture content and total protein decreased, while total sugars, non enzymatic browning, peroxide value and free fatty acids increased in reconstituted rajmash-rice with increase in storage period of convenient rajmash-rice mix. However, the reconstituted rajmash-rice prepared from stored convenient rajmash-rice mix did not show any detectable microbial growth. The overall acceptability scores of reconstituted rajmash-rice mix were lower for cabinet dried than freeze dried reconstituted rajmash-rice mix. The freeze dried convenient mix packed in metalized polypropylene was better than polypropylene bags. The convenient mix prepared by freeze drying can be reconstituted to sumptuous rice-rajmash by soaking in hot water for 10 min, while for cabinet dried convenient mix it took 15 minutes. However, the acceptability of reconstituted rajmash-rice was highly acceptable even when prepared from three months stored rice-rajmash convenient mix. The cost of production was recorded approximately Rs 29 for per 250 g pack of cabinet dried instant rajmash-rice mix and approximately Rs 38 for per 250 g pack of freeze dried instant rajmash-rice mix.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Improvement in the symbiotic efficiency of mungbean rhizobia through application of micronutrients
    (CCSHAU, 2017) Monika; Leela Wati
    Micronutrients play an important role in increasing yield of pulses and oilseed legumes through their effects on the plant itself and on the nitrogen fixing symbiotic process. Indian soils have become deficient not only in major plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous, potash but also scarce in some micronutrients like zinc, iron, molybdenum and boron. These situations suggest the need of application of micronutrients with biofertilizer under intensive cultivation of legumes as it is directly involved in biological nitrogen fixation through nitrogenase enzyme activity In the present study, a total of sixty one rhizobial isolates were retrieved from healthy mungbean root nodules using Yeast extract mannitol agar medium (YEMA). Three rhizobial isolates obtained from departmental culture collection were also included in this study. After isolation, all the rhizobial isolates were assessed for temperature tolerance (up to 450C) and salt (NaCl) tolerance (up to 5%) and characterized for plant growth promoting traits: Indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, HCN production and ACC utilization. IAA production varied in the range of 1.19- 59.19 μg/ml and the isolate MRH59 produced maximum IAA (59.19 μg/ml) after 5 days incubation at 30 0C.The ability of rhizobial isolates to excrete ammonia, varied from 0.61 to 4.67 μg/ml. Out of sixty four rhizobial isolates, 25% rhizobial isolates showed siderophore production, 15% rhizobial isolates showed HCN production and overall 55% of rhizobial isolates showed significant ACC utilization on minimal medium plates. P-solubilization index (P-SI) varied from 0.5-2.9 after four days of incubation at 30ºC. On the basis of plant growth promoting traits, isolate MRH 59 was selected to study the effect of different concentration of micronutrients (Fe, Mo, B and Zn) on growth of mungbean rhizobia. Among various micronutrients, combination of micronutrients and different concentrations of micronutrients; 0.5% ferrous sulphate+ ammonium molybdate application in YEM broth showed maximum (11.225 log no of cfu/ml), followed by 1% ferrous sulphate (10.968 log no of cfu/ml) and 1% ammonium molybdate (10.481 log no. of cfu/ml). Ten promising rhizobial isolates namely MRH1, MRH2, MRH3, MRH4, MRH16, MRH46, MRH46, MRH48, MRH59 and MB703 which showed plant growth promoting traits were selected for plant growth evaluation of mungbean under chillum jar conditions. Among ten rhizobial isolates, mungbean plants inoculated with isolate MRH59 showed maximum nodule no, nodule weight root length, shoot length, plant dry weight, pod no, seed weight, and seed no under chillum jar conditions. Isolate MRH 59 and MB703 (as a reference strain) along with different micronutrient concentrations (1% ferrous sulphate, 1% ammonium molybdate and 0.5% ferrous sulphate+ammonium molybdate) were selected for plant growth promotion of mungbean under pot house conditions. Among various treatments, 1% ammonium molybdate application along with inoculation of rhizobial isolate MRH59 and PSB showed maximum nodule no, nodule weight, plant dry weight, seed yield, N-uptake and P-uptake. On the basis of 16S rDNA sequencing the promising isolate MRH59 was found to be much similar to Sinorhizobium sp. T25.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Mapping QTL(s) for drought tolerance in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.)
    (CCSHAU, 2015) Monika; Yadav, R. C.
    The present investigation on studies on Mapping QTL(s) for drought tolerance in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern & Coss.) was conducted with the objective to identify QTL(s) for drought tolerance in RB50 x Kranti derived F 2 and F2:3 populations of Brassica juncea (RB50-Drought tolerant, Kranti-Drought sensitive)and to evaluate both generations for various phenological traits, growth related traits, physiological traits along with yield and its component traits under irrigated and drought conditions. RB50 × Kranti derived F 2 and F2:3 population showed significant variation for various observed agronomic traits. 200 SSR primers from various Brassica species were used to screen parental genotypes (RB50, Kranti) and 51 markers were found polymorphic. These polymorphic SSR primers were used to screen F2 population and were used to construct linkage map of Brassica juncea using MapmakerExp3.0 covering 10 linkage groups, 2 SSR markers did not show linkage with any of the marker groups and hence did not map to any of the linkage group. Composite interval mapping (CIM) analysis revealed a total of 30 QTLs in F 2 generation under irrigated conditions for various drought related, yield and other traits in Brassica juncea out of which four QTLs were identified for drought related physiological trait (Electrolyte leakage). A total of 19 QTLs were identified in F 2:3 under irrigated conditions for various drought related, yield and other traits in Brassica juncea including 4 QTLs for physiological trait (Relative water content). QTL analysis revealed a total of 7 QTLs accounting for different phenotypic variance in F 2:3 generation under drought conditions for various drought related, yield and other traits in Brassica juncea with one QTL identified for drought related physiological trait (Electrolyte leakage). There was clustering of QTLs on many LGs in linkage map. Most prominent clustering signifying multifunctional QTL region was observed in the LG 5 and 10. This multifunctional QTL region on the LG 5 contains at least one major QTL for various traits. Linkage groups 5 and 10 have been suggested to have major QTLs affecting drought tolerance. QTLs identified in the present study firstly needs to be validated in other populations and then fine mapping of these drought related QTLs have to be carried out them in marker assisted selection and breeding for drought tolerant genotypes in Brassica juncea.