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Author: Mohinder Singh × End date: 2006 × Start date: 2006 × Type: Thesis × Thesis Type: M.Sc ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Survey for quality wheat in three major cropping system zones of Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2006) Mohinder Singh; Dahiya, S.S.
    Survey for quality wheat in three major cropping system zones in Haryana” comprising 972 farmers in three cropping systems viz. bajra-wheat, cotton-wheat and rice-wheat at 54 locations (villages) of Haryana was conducted to assess the knowledge, practices and attitude of farmers towards quality wheat production. The results of study indicated that 25 percent of farmers were educated upto primary and 74% had joint families. Most of the farmers (72.1 percent) accomplished timely wheat sowing and only 21.7 percent were aware about recommendation of fertilizers and 39.2 percent farmers reported that there was no change in wheat yield. The cropping system, time of sowing, irrigation, nitrogen and seed rate influenced the grain yield. The luster of grains was significantly affected by cropping systems. Protein content wheat grains produced from bajra-wheat cropping system was significantly higher than cotton-wheat and rice-wheat. Protein content was found to be influenced significantly by cropping system, time of sowing, nitrogen doses and seed rate. Rice-wheat and cotton-wheat cropping systems were high yielding zones and bajra-wheat cropping system produced better quality of wheat grains than rice-wheat and cotton-wheat cropping systems.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Economic analysis of rape-seed and mustard in Haryana
    (CCSHAU, 2006) Mohinder Singh; Luhach, V.P.
    Oil seed crops occupy an important place in the farming system of India. These are highly paying crops of the dry regions. Oils and fats are the important constituent of human diet and are important source of energy. The present study was conducted with the following objectives: (i) To study the marketing pattern of rapeseed and mustard. (ii).To estimate the economics of rapeseed and mustard processing. (iii) To identify the constraints in marketing and processing of rapeseed and mustard. For this study the four markets namely Bhwani, Charkhidadri, Mahendergarh and Narnaul were selected purposely. Two villages were selected randomly from each selected market. From each selected village 30 farmers were selected randomly, therefore, a total of 240 farmers were selected. Gross returns and net returns were found higher on small farms as compared to medium and large farms in both the selected districts Two major VIIImarketing channels observed under the study were (a). Channel-I: Producer–Commission agent–Oil-expeller/oil-miller–Retailer–Consumer. (b). Channel-II: Producer–Commission agent–Wholesaler–Oil-expeller/Oil-miller–Retailer–Consumer. Among both the channel-I is most prevalent route through which majority of the farmers sell more than 3/4th of their quantity sold in different market of study area. It was found that share of producers in consumer’s rupee under channel-I was almost same in all the four markets. Retailer’s share in consumer’s rupee was highest which ranged from 5.09 per cent to 5.60 per cent followed by oil-miller (3.3 to 3.59%), oil-expeller (2.46 to 3.0%) and commission agent (1.78%). In case of channel-II the retailer’s share in consumer’s rupee was maximum (5.14 to 5.74%) followed by oil-miller (3.40 to 4.01%), oil-expeller (2.07 to 2.84%), commission agent (1.75%) and wholesaler (1.27 to 1.47%) in all the four markets. In case of channel-I cost of oil expeller was maximum ranging between Rs. 164 to Rs. 176 and minimum was of retailer as Rs. 5.25. in case of channel-II. While the cost of wholesaler was maximum ranging between Rs. 86.65 to Rs. 88.81 and minimum was of retailer Rs. 5.25. The cost and returns of processing of rapeseed and mustard were also studied, and it was observed that total cost per quintal of mustard was Rs.1806.48 whereas total fixed cost was Rs. 15.29, the value of oil and oil-cake was Rs.1452.82 and Rs.414.16 per quintal of mustard, respectively. Hence the net return was Rs.60.49 in case of oil-mills. In case of oil-expeller the total fixed cost per quintal of mustard was Rs.18.85 whereas the total variable cost and total cost were Rs.1824.19 and Rs.1843.04, respectively. The value of oil extracted per quintal of mustard was Rs.1438.29 and for oil cake it was Rs.449.23 hence net return was Rs.44.8 per quintal. Comparatively low cost and higher return were found in oil-mills than the oil-expellers, which indicated that, the cost of processing per quintal of mustard and plant size were inversely related. The higher rate of taxation, market fees, power supply and availability of raw material are the major constraints involved in processing. The major problems regarding the marketing of rapeseed and mustard were price variation, middlemen involved at different stages of marketing, lack of storage/warehousing facilities, lack of grading and standardization facilities and auction problem.