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20192
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Author: Ashish Kumar × End date: 2019 × Start date: 2019 × Type: Thesis ×
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Optimization of irrigation frequency for onion crop under subsurface drip system
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Ashish Kumar; Sanjay Kumar
    An experiment was conducted to study the effect of lateral spacing (45 cm and 60 cm) and drip irrigation frequencies (one, two, three and four days) on onion crop (Agrifound dark red variety) during kharif season 2018 in micro plots (2 m x 2 m) constructed in lab area of Department of Soil and Water Engineering, COEA&T, CCSHAU, Hisar, Haryana, India. For 60 DAT, in daily irrigation at 45 cm lateral spacing, available moisture (9.78 cm) in the root zone (0-60 cm) at the middle of two laterals was observed higher (15.6%) than at 60 cm lateral spacing where available moisture was 8.46 cm. The highest yield in A (> 5.0 cm), B (4.0-5.0 cm) and C (3.0-4.0 cm) grade of onion was observed as 0.76, 0.54 and 0.31 kg m-2 in two days irrigation frequency with 45 cm lateral spacing. The highest marketable yield of onion (155.23 q ha-1) was observed in two days irrigation frequency with lateral spacing of 45 cm. Among the different treatments, lowest unmarketable yield was observed in two days irrigation frequency with lateral spacing of 45 cm. These parameters show that better quality of onion was obtained in this treatment. The highest yield of onion (175.67 q ha-1) was obtained in two days irrigation frequency with lateral spacing of 45 cm which was 16.8% higher than two days irrigation frequency with lateral spacing of 60 cm. Irrigation water use efficiency was found to be highest (10.23 kg m-3) in two days irrigation frequency with lateral spacing of 45 cm. On the basis of moisture distribution pattern, better quality and highest yield of onion, two days irrigation frequency with 45 cm lateral spacing is the most preferable treatment in sandy loam soils.
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    ThesisItemOpen Access
    Agrometeorological Analysis of Okra Cultivation in Spring-Summer Season
    (CCSHAU, 2019) Ashish Kumar; Surender Singh
    A field study was conducted in Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University in the research farm of Department of Agricultural Meteorology entitled “Agrometeorological Analysis of Okra Cultivation in Spring-Summer Season” with the objectives to quantify various agrometeorological indices for different phenophases and to examine the relationship between weather variables and yield attributes of Okra. The experiment was conducted in split plot design with four dates sowing (2, 12 and 22 March and 2 April) and three varieties (Hisar Unnat, Hisar Naveen and Varsha Uphar) in 3.0 x 3.0 m plot with 30 cm x 10 cm spacing. The results showed that Hisar Naveen resulted into significantly higher growth parameters like plant height (122.20 cm at 90 DAS), LAI (2.22 at 90 DAS), leaf dry matter (25.97 g/plant at 90 DAS), number of branches per plant (2.1), yield attributes like fruit length (8.21 cm); fruit weight (7.30 g), fruit diameter (1.40 cm) and yield (120.3 q/ha) and 22 March of sowing of okra found to be the most suitable date. The different weather indices like GDD (301.040 C day at germination to 763.52 0C day at first picking), Heliothermal units (567.470 C day hours at germination to 55576.460 C day hours first picking), Photothermal units (927.110 C day hours at germination to 9593.170 C at first picking), Hydrothermal units (6094.200 C days hours at germination to 47685.460 C days hours) ; heat use efficiency (0.4140 C at first picking to 1.1520 C day hour at physiological maturity); heliothermal use efficiency (0.590 C day hour at first picking to 0.190 C day hour at physiological maturity); photo thermal use efficiency (0.320 C day hour at first picking to 0.780 C day hour at physiological maturity); hydrothermal use efficiency (0.199 kg/ha 0C day at first picking to 0.512 kg/ha 0C day at physiological maturity) and photothermal index (16.24 kg/ha 0C day at germination to 17.60 kg/ha 0C day at first picking) were found better in okra crop sown on 22 March while Hisar Naveen variety was superior in using the agrometeorological parameters like maximum and minimum temperature, actual vapour pressure during morning and evening; relative humidity during morning and evening; wind speed; sunshine hours; evaporation and rainfall. The regression equation (R2) ranged from 0.51; 0.56; 0.52; 0.71 for GDD; Heliothermal units; photothermal units; hydrothermal; units and hydrothermal use efficiency, respectively. Overall; Hisar Naveen (120.3 q/ha) variety found suitable for maximum growth and yield while third week of March month provides highest yield (122.3 q/ha) with better utilization of all agrometeorological resources.